past

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See also: pásť, pást, and päsť

English[edit]

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Etymology[edit]

From Middle English, past participle of passen (“to pass, to go by”), whence Modern English pass.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

past (plural pasts)

  1. The period of time that has already happened, in contrast to the present and the future.
    a book about a time machine that can transport people back into the past
    • 1830, Daniel Webster, a speech
      The past, at least, is secure.
    • 1860, Richard Chenevix Trench, On the English Language, Past and Present:
      The present is only intelligible in the light of the past, often a very remote past indeed.
    • 2012, Chinle Miller, In Mesozoic Lands: The Mesozoic Geology of Arches and Canyonlands National Parks, Kindle edition:
      The Mesozoic landscape of southeastern Utah can tell us much about the past, and it's one of the most intriguing and beautiful landscapes on Earth.
  2. (grammar) The past tense.

Synonyms[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

See also[edit]

Adjective[edit]

past (comparative more past, superlative most past)

  1. Having already happened; in the past; finished. [from 14th c.]
    • 1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 7, in The China Governess‎[1]:
      The highway to the East Coast which ran through the borough of Ebbfield had always been a main road and even now, despite the vast garages, the pylons and the gaily painted factory glasshouses which had sprung up beside it, there still remained an occasional trace of past cultures.
    past glories
  2. (postmodifier) Following expressions of time to indicate how long ago something happened; ago. [from 15th c.]
    • 1999, George R.R. Martin, A Clash of Kings, Bantam, published 2011, page 538:
      That had been, what, three years past?
    • 2009, John Sadler, Glencoe, Amberley, published 2009, page 20:
      Some four decades past, as a boy, I had a chance encounter and conversation with the late W.A. Poucher [...].
  3. Of a period of time: having just gone by; previous. [from 15th c.]
    • 2012 April 23, Angelique Chrisafis, “François Hollande on top but far right scores record result in French election”, in The Guardian‎[2]:
      Sarkozy's total will be seen as a personal failure. It is the first time an outgoing president has failed to win a first-round vote in the past 50 years and makes it harder for Sarkozy to regain momentum.
    during the past year
  4. (grammar) Of a tense, expressing action that has already happened or a previously-existing state. [from 18th c.]
    past tense

Synonyms[edit]

Translations[edit]

ago — see ago

Adverb[edit]

past (comparative more past, superlative most past)

  1. In a direction that passes.
    Synonym: by
    I watched him walk past

Translations[edit]

Preposition[edit]

past

  1. Beyond in place or quantity
    the room past mine
    count past twenty
  2. (time) Any number of minutes after the last hour
    What's the time? - It's now quarter past twelve midday (or 12.15pm).
    Antonym: to
    • 2012 April 22, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0-1 West Brom”, in BBC Sport‎[3]:
      But they were stunned when Glen Johnson's error let in Peter Odemwingie to fire past Pepe Reina on 75 minutes.
  3. No longer capable of.
    I'm past caring what he thinks of me.
  4. Having recovered or moved on from (a traumatic experience, etc.).
  5. Passing by, especially without stopping or being delayed.
    Ignore them, we'll play past them.
    Please don't drive past the fruit stand, I want to stop there.

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Verb[edit]

past

  1. (obsolete) simple past tense and past participle of pass
    • 1632, John Vicars, The XII Aeneids of Virgil:
      Great Tuscane dames, as she their towns past by, / Wisht her their daughter-in-law, but frustrately.

Related terms[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Czech[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

past f

  1. trap (a device designed to catch and sometimes kill animals)
    past na myši ― mousetrap

Declension[edit]

Declension of past (mixed i-stem [type 'pěst'] feminine)
singular plural
nominative past pasti
genitive pasti pastí
dative pasti pastím, pastem
accusative past pasti
vocative pasti pasti
locative pasti pastích, pastech
instrumental pastí pastmi

Derived terms[edit]

See also[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • past in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
  • past in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
  • past in Internetová jazyková příručka

Anagrams[edit]

Dutch[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

past

  1. second- and third-person singular present indicative of passen
  2. (archaic) plural imperative of passen

Anagrams[edit]

Middle French[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Old French past, from Latin pastus (“pasture”).

Noun[edit]

past m (plural pasts)

  1. food, meal
    • 1537, Giles du Guez, quoting John Palsgrave (c. 1485–1554), An Introductorie for to lerne to speke Frenche trewly :
      Verité est le past de l'ame.
      Truth is the food of the soul.
    • 1583, Claude Gruget, Diverses leçons :
      Il dit aussi que les choux mangez avant le past gardent d'enyvrer.
      He also says that cabbage, when eaten before a meal, reduces how much one gets drunk.

Old French[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin pastus (“pasture”), probably influenced by paste (“dough, pastry”).

Noun[edit]

past m (nominative singular past)

  1. food, meal
    • ca. 1268, Étienne Boileau (ca. 1210–1270), Livre des métiers :
      Por son abuvrement et por son past.
      For him to drink and for his food.

Descendants[edit]

  • Middle French: past

Polish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

past f

  1. genitive plural of pasta

Slovene[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

pȃst f

  1. trap

Inflection[edit]

Feminine, i-stem, mobile accent
nom. sing. pást
gen. sing. pastí
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik) 		pást pastí pastí
genitive
(rodȋlnik) 		pastí pastí pastí
dative
(dajȃlnik) 		pásti pastéma pastém
accusative
(tožȋlnik) 		pást pastí pastí
locative
(mẹ̑stnik) 		pásti pastéh pastéh
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik) 		pastjó pastéma pastmí

Verb[edit]

pȃst

  1. supine of pásti

Further reading[edit]

  • “past”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
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