yli
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See also: yli-
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *üli. Equivalent to ylä- + -i.
Pronunciation
[edit]Postposition
[edit]yli
- over [with genitive] (through the space that is above something)
- (temporal) after, past [with genitive or partitive]
- Antonym: vaille
- Kello on vartin yli kuusi.
- It's quarter past/after six.
- Kello on viittä (minuuttia) yli kuusi.
- It's five (minutes) past/after six.
Preposition
[edit]yli
- over, more than (+ number)
- Antonym: alle
- Auto maksoi yli 200 000 [kaksisataa tuhatta] euroa.
- The car cost over 200,000 euros.
Usage notes
[edit]- When using the construction yli to indicate time, both genitive and partitive forms may be used. The genitive (vartin yli) may be perceived as slightly more precise than the partitive (varttia yli). However, it is more just a question of personal preference, possibly influenced by the fact that vaille always uses the partitive (varttia vaille (“a quarter to”)).
- yli cannot take a possessive suffix; ylitse is used instead if possessive forms are desired.
Inflection
[edit]See ylä-.
Derived terms
[edit]compounds
Related terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “yli”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-04
Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *üli. Cognates include Finnish yli and Votic üli.
The sense "every other" is a semantic loan from Russian через (čerez).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈyli/, [ˈylʲi]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈyli/, [ˈylʲi]
- Rhymes: -yli
- Hyphenation: y‧li
Preposition
[edit]yli (+ genitive)
- (of motion) over, through
- männä yli teen ― to cross a road (literally, “to go through a road”)
- 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 5:
- Mänimmä yli peenen joen, yli suuren niityn mänimmä.
- We crossed a small river, we crossed a big meadow.
- (literally, “We went over a small river, we went through a big meadow.”)
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 4:
- Yli joen langolle, vanan kylän Iljalle.
- Over the river to [my] sister's husband, the old village's Ilja.
- (of time) in, after, ... later
- 1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 5:
- Yli päivän pioneerit saattoit meitä kottii.
- A day later the pioneers saw us off to our house.
- 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 9:
- Yli kuun lapset proveroittiit Koljan ja Șuran lupaukseet.
- A month later the children checked Kolja and Šura's promises.
- (of time or location) every other
- 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[2], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 11:
- Poolivahva paino monislogaisiis sanois ono kolmanneel tali neljänneel slogal ja senen peräst ain yli slogan (kolmanneel, viijenneel, seitsemänneel tali neljänneel kuuvvenneel j. n. е.).
- Secondary stress in polysyllabic words is on the third or fourth syllable and after that always every other syllable (third, fifth, seventh or fourth, sixth etc.).
- 1937, N. S. Popova, translated by A. Kolesova, Arifmetikan oppikirja alkușkoulua vart (I. osa), Leningrad: Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 11:
- Kraaskaa patsaat yli yhen.
- Paint every other column.
- (literally, “Paint the columns every other one [of them].”)
yli (+ nominative)
- (of time) past
- vartti yli seitsen ― quarter past seven
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “past”): vaijaa (“to”)
Postposition
[edit]yli (+ genitive)
- (of motion) over, through
- 1916, Volmari Porkka, quoting Kalina-ukko, “1252. Soikkola, Loukkula, III116”, in Väinö Salminen, V. Alava, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot[3], volume III2, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 1-2:
- Riiteliit kolmen kälyksen, // Kolmen kynnyksen yli.
- Three sisters-in-law were arguing, // Through three doorsteps.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 691
Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms suffixed with -i (adverbial)
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/yli
- Rhymes:Finnish/yli/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish postpositions
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish prepositions
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian semantic loans from Russian
- Ingrian terms derived from Russian
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/yli
- Rhymes:Ingrian/yli/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian prepositions
- Ingrian terms with collocations
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- Ingrian postpositions