بعد

See also: تغد, تعد, and ب ع د

Arabic

Etymology 1.1

Root
ب ع د (b ʕ d)
10 terms

Verb

بَعُدَ • (baʕuda) I (non-past يَبْعُدُ (yabʕudu), verbal noun بُعْد (buʕd))
بَعِدَ • (baʕida) I (non-past يَبْعَدُ (yabʕadu), verbal noun بَعَد (baʕad))

to be distant, afar, to become distant, go away (مِنْ (min) or عَنْ (ʕan) from)
to die, to perish

Conjugation

Conjugation of **بَعُدَ** (I, sound, u ~ u, impersonal passive, verbal noun **بُعْد**)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					بُعْد buʕd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					بَعِيد baʕīd
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَبْعُود mabʕūd
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَعُدْتُ baʕudtu	بَعُدْتَ baʕudta	بَعُدَ baʕuda	بَعُدْتُمَا baʕudtumā	بَعُدَا baʕudā	بَعُدْنَا baʕudnā	بَعُدْتُمْ baʕudtum	بَعُدُوا baʕudū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	بَعُدْتُ baʕudtu	بَعُدْتِ baʕudti	بَعُدَتْ baʕudat	بَعُدْتُمَا baʕudtumā	بَعُدَتَا baʕudatā	بَعُدْنَا baʕudnā	بَعُدْتُنَّ baʕudtunna	بَعُدْنَ baʕudna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبْعُدُ ʔabʕudu	تَبْعُدُ tabʕudu	يَبْعُدُ yabʕudu	تَبْعُدَانِ tabʕudāni	يَبْعُدَانِ yabʕudāni	نَبْعُدُ nabʕudu	تَبْعُدُونَ tabʕudūna	يَبْعُدُونَ yabʕudūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَبْعُدُ ʔabʕudu	تَبْعُدِينَ tabʕudīna	تَبْعُدُ tabʕudu	تَبْعُدَانِ tabʕudāni	تَبْعُدَانِ tabʕudāni	نَبْعُدُ nabʕudu	تَبْعُدْنَ tabʕudna	يَبْعُدْنَ yabʕudna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبْعُدَ ʔabʕuda	تَبْعُدَ tabʕuda	يَبْعُدَ yabʕuda	تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā	يَبْعُدَا yabʕudā	نَبْعُدَ nabʕuda	تَبْعُدُوا tabʕudū	يَبْعُدُوا yabʕudū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَبْعُدَ ʔabʕuda	تَبْعُدِي tabʕudī	تَبْعُدَ tabʕuda	تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā	تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā	نَبْعُدَ nabʕuda	تَبْعُدْنَ tabʕudna	يَبْعُدْنَ yabʕudna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبْعُدْ ʔabʕud	تَبْعُدْ tabʕud	يَبْعُدْ yabʕud	تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā	يَبْعُدَا yabʕudā	نَبْعُدْ nabʕud	تَبْعُدُوا tabʕudū	يَبْعُدُوا yabʕudū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَبْعُدْ ʔabʕud	تَبْعُدِي tabʕudī	تَبْعُدْ tabʕud	تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā	تَبْعُدَا tabʕudā	نَبْعُدْ nabʕud	تَبْعُدْنَ tabʕudna	يَبْعُدْنَ yabʕudna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُبْعُدْ ubʕud		اُبْعُدَا ubʕudā			اُبْعُدُوا ubʕudū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اُبْعُدِي ubʕudī		اُبْعُدَا ubʕudā			اُبْعُدْنَ ubʕudna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	بُعِدَ buʕida	—	—	—	—	—
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُبْعَدُ yubʕadu	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُبْعَدَ yubʕada	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُبْعَدْ yubʕad	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

Conjugation of **بَعِدَ** (I, sound, i ~ a, impersonal passive, verbal noun **بَعَد**)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					بَعَد baʕad
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					بَاعِد bāʕid
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مَبْعُود mabʕūd
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَعِدْتُ baʕidtu	بَعِدْتَ baʕidta	بَعِدَ baʕida	بَعِدْتُمَا baʕidtumā	بَعِدَا baʕidā	بَعِدْنَا baʕidnā	بَعِدْتُمْ baʕidtum	بَعِدُوا baʕidū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	بَعِدْتُ baʕidtu	بَعِدْتِ baʕidti	بَعِدَتْ baʕidat	بَعِدْتُمَا baʕidtumā	بَعِدَتَا baʕidatā	بَعِدْنَا baʕidnā	بَعِدْتُنَّ baʕidtunna	بَعِدْنَ baʕidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَبْعَدُ ʔabʕadu	تَبْعَدُ tabʕadu	يَبْعَدُ yabʕadu	تَبْعَدَانِ tabʕadāni	يَبْعَدَانِ yabʕadāni	نَبْعَدُ nabʕadu	تَبْعَدُونَ tabʕadūna	يَبْعَدُونَ yabʕadūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	أَبْعَدُ ʔabʕadu	تَبْعَدِينَ tabʕadīna	تَبْعَدُ tabʕadu	تَبْعَدَانِ tabʕadāni	تَبْعَدَانِ tabʕadāni	نَبْعَدُ nabʕadu	تَبْعَدْنَ tabʕadna	يَبْعَدْنَ yabʕadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَبْعَدَ ʔabʕada	تَبْعَدَ tabʕada	يَبْعَدَ yabʕada	تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā	يَبْعَدَا yabʕadā	نَبْعَدَ nabʕada	تَبْعَدُوا tabʕadū	يَبْعَدُوا yabʕadū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَبْعَدَ ʔabʕada	تَبْعَدِي tabʕadī	تَبْعَدَ tabʕada	تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā	تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā	نَبْعَدَ nabʕada	تَبْعَدْنَ tabʕadna	يَبْعَدْنَ yabʕadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَبْعَدْ ʔabʕad	تَبْعَدْ tabʕad	يَبْعَدْ yabʕad	تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā	يَبْعَدَا yabʕadā	نَبْعَدْ nabʕad	تَبْعَدُوا tabʕadū	يَبْعَدُوا yabʕadū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَبْعَدْ ʔabʕad	تَبْعَدِي tabʕadī	تَبْعَدْ tabʕad	تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā	تَبْعَدَا tabʕadā	نَبْعَدْ nabʕad	تَبْعَدْنَ tabʕadna	يَبْعَدْنَ yabʕadna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِبْعَدْ ibʕad		اِبْعَدَا ibʕadā			اِبْعَدُوا ibʕadū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِبْعَدِي ibʕadī		اِبْعَدَا ibʕadā			اِبْعَدْنَ ibʕadna

passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	بُعِدَ buʕida	—	—	—	—	—
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُبْعَدُ yubʕadu	—	—	—	—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُبْعَدَ yubʕada	—	—	—	—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُبْعَدْ yubʕad	—	—	—	—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

References

Lane, Edward William (1863-1893), “بعد”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate.
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “بعد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[1], London: W.H. Allen

Etymology 1.2

Noun

بُعْد • (buʕd) m (plural أَبْعَاد (ʔabʕād))

verbal noun of بَعُدَ (baʕuda) (form I)
distance
dimension
absence
death
interval

Declension

Declension of noun **بُعْد** (buʕd)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بُعْد buʕd	الْبُعْد al-buʕd	بُعْد buʕd
nominative	بُعْدٌ buʕdun	الْبُعْدُ al-buʕdu	بُعْدُ buʕdu
accusative	بُعْدًا buʕdan	الْبُعْدَ al-buʕda	بُعْدَ buʕda
genitive	بُعْدٍ buʕdin	الْبُعْدِ al-buʕdi	بُعْدِ buʕdi
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بُعْدَيْن buʕdayn	الْبُعْدَيْن al-buʕdayn	بُعْدَيْ buʕday
nominative	بُعْدَانِ buʕdāni	الْبُعْدَانِ al-buʕdāni	بُعْدَا buʕdā
accusative	بُعْدَيْنِ buʕdayni	الْبُعْدَيْنِ al-buʕdayni	بُعْدَيْ buʕday
genitive	بُعْدَيْنِ buʕdayni	الْبُعْدَيْنِ al-buʕdayni	بُعْدَيْ buʕday
plural	basic broken plural triptote
plural	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	أَبْعَاد ʔabʕād	الْأَبْعَاد al-ʔabʕād	أَبْعَاد ʔabʕād
nominative	أَبْعَادٌ ʔabʕādun	الْأَبْعَادُ al-ʔabʕādu	أَبْعَادُ ʔabʕādu
accusative	أَبْعَادًا ʔabʕādan	الْأَبْعَادَ al-ʔabʕāda	أَبْعَادَ ʔabʕāda
genitive	أَبْعَادٍ ʔabʕādin	الْأَبْعَادِ al-ʔabʕādi	أَبْعَادِ ʔabʕādi

Derived terms

مِنْ بُعْدٍ (min buʕdin)
عَنْ بُعْدٍ (ʕan buʕdin)

Descendants

Maltese: bogħod

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “بعد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[2], London: W.H. Allen

Etymology 1.3

Noun

بَعَد • (baʕad) m

verbal noun of بَعَدَ (baʕada) (form I)
verbal noun of بَعِدَ (baʕida) (form I)
distance, going to a distance
death

Declension

Declension of noun **بَعَد** (baʕad)
singular	basic singular triptote
singular	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بَعَد baʕad	الْبَعَد al-baʕad	بَعَد baʕad
nominative	بَعَدٌ baʕadun	الْبَعَدُ al-baʕadu	بَعَدُ baʕadu
accusative	بَعَدًا baʕadan	الْبَعَدَ al-baʕada	بَعَدَ baʕada
genitive	بَعَدٍ baʕadin	الْبَعَدِ al-baʕadi	بَعَدِ baʕadi

References

Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “بعد”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[3], London: W.H. Allen

Etymology 1.4

Preposition

بَعْدَ • (baʕda)

after
Antonym: قَبْلَ (qabla)

Inflection

Inflected forms

base form					بَعْدَ (baʕda)
Personal-pronoun including forms
	singular		dual	plural
	m	f	dual	m	f
1^st person	بَعْدِي (baʕdī)		بَعْدَنَا (baʕdanā)
2^nd person	بَعْدَكَ (baʕdaka)	بَعْدَكِ (baʕdaki)	بَعْدَكُمَا (baʕdakumā)	بَعْدَكُمْ (baʕdakum)	بَعْدَكُنَّ (baʕdakunna)
3^rd person	بَعْدَهُ (baʕdahu)	بَعْدَهَا (baʕdahā)	بَعْدَهُمَا (baʕdahumā)	بَعْدَهُمْ (baʕdahum)	بَعْدَهُنَّ (baʕdahunna)

Derived terms

مِنْ بَعْدِ (min baʕdi)
بُعَيْدَ (buʕayda)

Descendants

→ Swahili: baada

Etymology 1.5

Adverb

بَعْدُ • (baʕdu)

after that
Antonym: قَبْلُ (qablu)
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 95:7:
  فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ بَعْدُ بِالدِّينِ
  famā yukaḏḏibuka baʕdu bi-d-dīni
  So what will make you deny the religion after that?

Derived terms

أَمَّا بَعْدُ (ʔammā baʕdu)
بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ (baʕda ẓ-ẓuhri)
بَعْدَ غَدٍ (baʕda ḡadin)
بَعْدَ قَلِيلِ (baʕda qalīli)
بَعْدَئِذٍ (baʕdaʔiḏin)
طَوْرًا بَعْدَ طَوْرِ (ṭawran baʕda ṭawri)
عَنْ بَعْدُ (ʕan baʕdu)
فِيمَا بَعْدُ (fīmā baʕdu)
مِنْ بَعْدُ (min baʕdu)
يَوْمًا بَعْدَ يَوْمِ (yawman baʕda yawmi)

Egyptian Arabic

Preposition

بعد • (baʿd)

after

Derived terms

بعدين (baʕdīn)

Gulf Arabic

Root
ب ع د
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic بَعْد (baʕd).

Pronunciation

(Kuwait) IPA^(key): /bəʕd/, [bəʕ(ə)d]

Preposition

بعد • (baʕd)

after
Synonym: عقب (ʕugub)

Antonym: قبل (qabl)

Adverb

بعد • (baʕad)

too, also, as well
و آنا بعد ― w-āna baʕad ― me too

North Levantine Arabic

Preposition

بعد • (baʕd)

after

Adverb

بعد • (baʕd)

(false verb, with personal suffix) still
بعدو بيحكي هالقصة؟ ― baʕdo byiḥki hal-ʔuṣṣa? ― Does he still tell this story?

Persian

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic بَعْد (baʕd).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbaʔd/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bäʔd̪]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑːd̪]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔːd̪̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bæʔd̪̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bäʔd̪]

Readings
Classical reading^?	ba'd
Dari reading^?	ba'd
Iranian reading^?	ba'd
Tajik reading^?	ba'd

Adverb

بعد • (ba'd) (Tajik spelling баъд)

then, after; afterwards
Synonym: سپس (sepas)

Adjective

بعد • (ba'd) (Tajik spelling баъд)

next
Synonym: آینده (âyande)

Antonym: گذشته (gozašte, “past”)

― mâh-e ba'd ― next month

― ruz-e ba'd ― the next day

Derived terms

بعد از (ba'd az, “after”)
بعداً (ba'dan, “later on”)
بعدی (ba'di, “subsequent”)
بعد‌ها (ba'd-hâ, “later on”)
منبعد (menba'd, “henceforth”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic بُعْد (buʕd).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbuʔd/

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bʊ́ʔd̪]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bʊ́d̪]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [búd̪̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bóʔd̪̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɵ́ʔd̪]

Readings
Classical reading^?	bu'd
Dari reading^?	bo'd
Iranian reading^?	bo'd
Tajik reading^?	bü'd

Noun

بعد • (bu'd / bo'd) (plural ابعاد (ab'ād / ab'âd), or بعدها (bu'd-hā / bo'd-hâ), Tajik spelling бӯъд)

dimension

Derived terms

سه‌بعدی (se-bo'di)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ب ع د
3 terms

Etymology

From Arabic بَعْد (baʕd).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /baʕd/, [ˈba.ʕ(ɪ)d]
Audio (Amman): (file)

Preposition

بعد • (baʕd)

after
Antonym: قبل (ʔabl)
(Galilee) still; not yet
Synonym: لسا (lissa)

بكرة حفلة ال تخرّج وبعدنا مش مخلّصين امتحانات مدارس.
bukra ḥaflat it-taḵarruj w-baʕᵉdna miš mḵallaṣīn imtiḥānāt madāres.
Tomorrow is the graduation ceremony and we still haven't finished [our] school exams.

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (ba'd), from Arabic بَعْد (baʕd).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /bɑːd̪/
Rhymes: -ɑːd̪

Noun

بَعْد • (ba'd) m (Hindi spelling बाद)

later or succeeding time
Antonym: قَبْل (qabl)

Derived terms

بَعْد میں (ba'd mẽ, “afterwards, later”)

Postposition

بَعْد • (ba'd) (Hindi spelling बाद)

posterior, subsequent
Synonym: آخِر (āxir)

Antonyms: پَہْلے (pahle), قَبْل (qabl)

عَصْر کے بَعْد
'asr ke ba'd
after asr [prayers]
(literally, “posterior/subsequent of asr [prayers]”)

Derived terms

کے بَعْد (ke ba'd, “after, since”)

Preposition

بَعْد • (ba'd) (Hindi spelling बाद)

after
Antonym: قَبْل (qabl)

بَعْد عَصْر ― ba'd 'asr ― after asr [prayers]

Derived terms

بَعْد اَز (ba'd az, “after”)

References

“بعد”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
Platts, John T. (1884), “بعد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.

Ushojo

Etymology

From Urdu بعد (ba'd).

Adverb

بعد (ba'd)

after, later