край

See also: краи and крај

Belarusian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *krajь.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kraj]
Audio: (file)

Noun

край • (kraj) m inan (genitive кра́ю, nominative plural краі́, genitive plural краёў)

Declension

Declension of край (inan soft masc-form accent-c)

	singular	plural
nominative	край kraj	краі́ kraí
genitive	кра́ю kráju	краёў krajów
dative	кра́ю kráju	края́м krajám
accusative	край kraj	краі́ kraí
instrumental	кра́ем krájem	края́мі krajámi
locative	кра́і krái	края́х krajáx
vocative	кра́ю kráju	краі́ kraí
count form	—	кра́і¹ krái¹

¹Used with the numbers 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.

Derived terms

краяві́д (krajavíd)

References

“край” in Belarusian–Russian dictionaries and Belarusian dictionaries at slounik.org

Bulgarian

Bulgarian Wikipedia has an article on:

край

Wikipedia ^bg

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *krajь.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kraj]
Audio (Standard Bulgarian): (file)
Rhymes: -aj

Noun

край • (kraj) m

end, finish
termination, completion, conclusion, close, ending
Synonym: завъ́ршек (zavǎ́ršek)
edge, brink, verge, brim
outskirt, edge, skirt, fringe, end
Synonym: покра́йнина (pokrájnina)
vicinity, region, parts
Synonym: о́бласт (óblast)
corner, recess
Synonym: кът (kǎt)

Declension

Declension of край
	singular	plural
indefinite	край kraj	кра́ища, кра́йове¹ kráišta, krájove¹
definite (subject form)	кра́ят krájat	кра́ищата, кра́йовете¹ kráištata, krájovete¹
definite (object form)	кра́я krája	кра́ищата, кра́йовете¹ kráištata, krájovete¹
count form	—	кра́я krája

¹Rare.

Preposition

край • (kraj)

by; along
- 1994, “Там, край реката [There, by the river]”, performed by Тоника (Tonika):
  Де ми каза две слова – там, край реката.
  De mi kaza dve slova – tam, kraj rekata.
  Where you told me a couple of words – there, by the river.

References

“край”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
“край”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010

Anagrams

край- (kraj-)

Pannonian Rusyn

Etymology

Inherited from Old Slovak kraj, from Proto-Slavic *krajь.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈkraj]
Rhymes: -aj
Hyphenation: край

Noun

край (kraj) m inan (diminutive країчок, relational adjective крайнї or крайови)

end, ending, finish
на краю лєса ― na kraju ljesa ― at an end of the forest
region, area
у хторим краю варошу биваце? ― u xtorim kraju varošu bivace? ― which region of town do you live in?
country, province, landscape, scenery
Synonyms: обласц (oblasc), предїл (predjil)
homeland, home
Synonyms: (Serbism) завичай (zavičaj), отечество (otečestvo), оцовщина (ocovščina), родни край (rodni kraj)

по велїх рокох врацел ше зоз швета до краю ― po veljix rokox vracel še zoz šveta do kraju ― after many years he returned from the outside world to his homeland
shore, coast
привеслал ґу краю ― priveslal gu kraju ― he rowed to the shore

чамец плїва коло краю ― čamec pljiva kolo kraju ― the boat floated along the shore
arm (of scales, crane, etc.), extremity
rim, edge, periphery
Synonym: орубенєц (orubenjec)

Declension

Declension of *край* (kraj)
	singular	plural
nominative	край (kraj)	краї (kraji)
genitive	краю / края (kraju / kraja)	крайох (krajox)
dative	краю (kraju)	крайом (krajom)
accusative	край (kraj)	краї (kraji)
instrumental	крайом (krajom)	краями (krajami)
locative	краю (kraju)	крайох (krajox)
vocative	краю (kraju)	краї (kraji)

Related terms

adjectives

накрайни (nakrajni)

adverbs

накрай (nakraj)

nouns

безкрай m inan (bezkraj)
країна f (krajina)
країшнїк m pers (krajišnjik)
крайносц f (krajnosc)
крайовид m inan (krajovid)
краян m pers (krajan)
окраїско n (okrajisko)
окрайок m inan (okrajok)
покраїна f (pokrajina)

References

Medʹeši, H.; Fejsa, M.; Timko-Djitko, O. (2010), “край”, in Ramač, Ju., editor, Руско-сербски словнїк [Rusyn-Serbian Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy
Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “country”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 70
Fejsa, M.; Šlemender, M.; Čelʹovski, S. (2022), “landscape”, in Анґлийско-руски словнїк [English-Rusyn Dictionary] (in Pannonian Rusyn), Novi Sad: Faculty of Philosophy; Ruska matka, →ISBN, page 162

Russian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *krajь.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kraj]
Audio: (file)
Audio (Saint Petersburg): (file)
Rhymes: -aj

Noun

край • (kraj) m inan (genitive кра́я, nominative plural края́, genitive plural краёв, relational adjective краево́й, diminutive кра́ешек)

Declension

Declension of край (inan masc-form vowel-stem accent-c irreg)

	singular	plural
nominative	кра́й kráj	края́^△ krajá^△
genitive	кра́я krája	краёв krajóv
dative	кра́ю kráju	края́м krajám
accusative	кра́й kráj	края́^△ krajá^△
instrumental	кра́ем krájem	края́ми krajámi
prepositional	кра́е kráje	края́х krajáx
partitive	кра́ю¹ kráju¹
locative	на краю́, в краю́² na krajú, v krajú²

^△Irregular.
¹Only in the terms с кра́ю (s kráju); конца́-кра́ю нет (koncá-kráju net).
²на краю́ (na krajú) is used in the sense "on the edge/boundary/side"; в краю́ (v krajú) is used in the sense "in the land/country". в кра́е (v kráje) is used in the sense "in the krai/administrative region".

Pre-reform declension of край (inan masc-form vowel-stem accent-c irreg)

	singular	plural
nominative	кра́й kráj	края́^△ krajá^△
genitive	кра́я krája	краёвъ krajóv
dative	кра́ю kráju	края́мъ krajám
accusative	кра́й kráj	края́^△ krajá^△
instrumental	кра́емъ krájem	края́ми krajámi
prepositional	кра́ѣ krájě	края́хъ krajáx
partitive	кра́ю¹ kráju¹
locative	на краю́, въ краю́² na krajú, v krajú²

^△Irregular.
¹Only in the terms съ кра́ю (s kráju); конца́-кра́ю нѣтъ (koncá-kráju nět).
²на краю́ (na krajú) is used in the sense "on the edge/boundary/side"; въ краю́ (v krajú) is used in the sense "in the land/country". въ кра́ѣ (v krájě) is used in the sense "in the krai/administrative region".

Synonyms

коне́ц (konéc), оконе́чность (okonéčnostʹ), преде́л (predél)
перифери́я (periferíja), окра́ина (okráina)
страна́ (straná), о́бласть (óblastʹ), ме́стность (méstnostʹ)

Derived terms

Compounds:

непоча́тый край m (nepočátyj kraj)

Related terms

кра́йность (krájnostʹ), краю́ха (krajúxa), краеве́д (krajevéd), краеве́дение (krajevédenije)
кра́йний (krájnij), бескра́йний (beskrájnij), бескра́йный (beskrájnyj)
кра́йне (krájne)

Descendants

→ Yakut: кыраай (kïraay)

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “край”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Ukrainian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *krajь.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [krai̯]
Audio: (file)

Noun

край • (kraj) m inan (genitive кра́ю, nominative plural краї́, genitive plural краї́в, relational adjective безкра́їй or безкра́йній)

Declension

Declension of *край*
(inan j-stem masc-form accent-c)
	singular	plural
nominative	край kraj	краї́ krají
genitive	кра́ю kráju	краї́в krajív
dative	кра́ю, кра́єві kráju, krájevi	края́м krajám
accusative	край kraj	краї́ krají
instrumental	кра́єм krájem	края́ми krajámy
locative	кра́ї, краю́ kráji, krajú	края́х krajáx
vocative	кра́ю kráju	краї́ krají

Noun

край • (kraj) m inan (genitive кра́ю, nominative plural краї́, genitive plural краї́в)

krai (administrative unit)

Declension

Declension of *край*
(inan j-stem masc-form accent-c)
	singular	plural
nominative	край kraj	краї́ krají
genitive	кра́ю kráju	краї́в krajív
dative	кра́ю, кра́єві kráju, krájevi	края́м krajám
accusative	край kraj	краї́ krají
instrumental	кра́єм krájem	края́ми krajámy
locative	кра́ї kráji	края́х krajáx
vocative	кра́ю kráju	краї́ krají

Preposition

край • (kraj)

next to, beside, near

Derived terms

без кінця-кра́ю (bez kincja-kráju)
безкра́їй (bezkrájij)
від кра́ю до кра́ю (vid kráju do kráju)
до само́го кра́ю (do samóho kráju)
краєзна́вець (krajeznávecʹ)
край не́ба (kraj néba)
крайне́бо (krajnébo)
края́нин (krajányn)
на край сві́ту (na kraj svítu)
на краю́ сві́ту (na krajú svítu)
непоча́тий край (nepočátyj kraj)
окра́їна (okrájina)
покла́сти край (poklásty kraj)
рі́дний край (rídnyj kraj)
Украї́на (Ukrajína)
че́рез край (čérez kraj)

References

Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “край”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
“край”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)

Belarusian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Derived terms

References

Bulgarian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Preposition

References

Anagrams

Pannonian Rusyn

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Related terms

References

Russian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Synonyms

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

References

Further reading

Ukrainian

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Declension

Noun

Declension

Preposition

Derived terms

References