卻

See also: 却

卻 U+537B, 卻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-537B ← 卺 [U+537A] CJK Unified Ideographs 卼 → [U+537C]

Translingual

Han character

卻 (radical 26 卩+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 金口尸中 (CRSL), four-corner 8762₀, composition ⿰谷卩 (GHTKV) or ⿰𧮫卩 (J))

Derived characters

• 腳

References

• KangXi: page 159, character 28
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2867
• Dae Jaweon: page 365, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 317, character 2
• Unihan data for U+537B

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Chinese

trad.		卻
simp.		却
alt. forms		却 郤 𨚫

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 卻
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (郤) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
腳	*kaɡ
脚	*kaɡ
卻	*kaɡ, *kʰaɡ
却	*kʰaɡ
谻	*kraɡ, *kraɡ
郤	*kʰraɡ
綌	*kʰraɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaɡ, *kʰaɡ): phonetic 𧮫 + semantic 卩.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): què (que⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄩㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): koek³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiok
• Min Nan (POJ): khiok / khiak / khioh

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: què
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄩㄝˋ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'üeh⁴
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiueh
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰɥ̯œ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: koek³
    • Yale: keuk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: koek⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: kêg³
    • IPA ^(key): /kʰœːk̚³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiok
    • Hakka Romanization System: kiog`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kiog⁵
    • IPA: /kʰi̯ok̚²/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiok
    • Tâi-lô: khiok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiog
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /kʰiɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰiɔk̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khiak
    • Tâi-lô: khiak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qiag
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰiak̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khioh
    • Tâi-lô: khioh
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qioiq
    • IPA (Taipei): /kʰioʔ³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰiɤʔ³²/

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• Middle Chinese: /kɨɐk̚/, /kʰɨɐk̚/▼

Rime
Character	卻	卻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	藥 (107)	藥 (107)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	居勺切	去約切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨɐk̚/	/kʰɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kiɐk̚/	/kʰiɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kiɑk̚/	/kʰiɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kɨak̚/	/kʰɨak̚/
Li Rong	/kiak̚/	/kʰiak̚/
Wang Li	/kĭak̚/	/kʰĭak̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ki̯ak̚/	/kʰi̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jue	que

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[k]ʰak/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kaɡ/, /*kʰaɡ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	卻
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	què
Middle Chinese	‹ khjak ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ʰak/
English	decline, refuse
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	卻	卻
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	10739	10740
Phonetic component	郤	郤
Rime group	鐸	鐸
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	腳
Old Chinese	/*kaɡ/	/*kʰaɡ/

Definitions

卻

1. ^† to withdraw; to retreat
2. ^† to drive back (enemy)
3. ^† to decline; to refuse
4. ^† (particle placed after monosyllabic verbs) to do away with
5. (literary, only sentence-medially) but; yet; however

Compounds

• 了卻／了却 (liǎoquè)
• 免卻／免却
• 冷卻／冷却 (lěngquè)
• 冷卻器／冷却器
• 前卻／前却
• 剗卻／刬却
• 卻不／却不
• 卻不道／却不道
• 卻之不恭／却之不恭
• 卻又／却又
• 卻少／却少
• 卻待／却待 (quèdài)
• 卻後／却后
• 卻扇／却扇
• 卻是／却是 (quèshì)
• 卻月／却月

• 卻步／却步 (quèbù)
• 卻略／却略
• 卻病／却病
• 卻病延年／却病延年
• 卻立／却立
• 卻纔／却才
• 卻老／却老
• 卻行／却行
• 卻說／却说 (quèshuō)
• 失卻／失却
• 忘卻／忘却 (wàngquè)
• 拋卻／抛却
• 拒卻／拒却
• 拚卻／拚却
• 拼卻／拼却
• 推卻／推却 (tuīquè)

• 擺袖卻金／摆袖却金
• 望而卻步／望而却步
• 杜門卻掃／杜门却扫
• 盛情難卻／盛情难却
• 省卻／省却
• 瞞卻／瞒却
• 謝卻／谢却
• 趑趄卻顧／趑趄却顾
• 輕水冷卻／轻水冷却
• 辭卻／辞却
• 退卻／退却 (tuìquè)
• 閉門卻掃／闭门却扫
• 閉關卻掃／闭关却扫
• 闔門卻掃／阖门却扫
• 除卻／除却 (chúquè)

References

• (Hakka) Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) →ISBN.
• (Min Nan) “Entry #4718”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

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Japanese

Kanji

卻

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. Alternative form of 却

Readings

• On (unclassified): きゃく (kyaku)
• Kun: しりぞく (shirizoku), しりぞける (shirizokeru), かえって (kaette)

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Korean

Hanja

卻 • (gak) (hangeul 각, revised gak, McCune-Reischauer kak)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

卻 (khước)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.