家

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See also: 傢, 冢, and 冡
家 U+5BB6, 家
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BB6
← 宵
[U+5BB5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 宷 →
[U+5BB7]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
10 strokes
Stroke order
家-order.gif

Han character[edit]

家 (radical 40, 宀+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 十一尸人 (JMSO), four-corner 30232, composition ⿱宀豕)

Derived characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 286, character 17
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7169
  • Dae Jaweon: page 566, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 930, character 15
  • Unihan data for U+5BB6

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 家
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
家-oracle.svg 家-bronze.svg 家-seal.svg 家-bigseal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (家) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
家 *kraː
傢 *kraː
幏 *kraː, *kraːs
稼 *kraːs
嫁 *kraːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kraː): semantic 宀 (“roof”) + phonetic 豕 (“pig”).

豕 is an abbreviation of 豭 (OC *kraː, “male pig, boar”) (Shuowen Jiezi), a homophone of 家 (jiā) in Old Chinese. See 豭 for more on the glyph composition.

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 家
Wikipedia has an article on:
• 家
一座居住有一家人的房屋

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • ke - vernacular;
  • ka - literary.
Note:
  • gê1 - vernacular;
  • gia1 - literary (used only in operas).
  • Wu
    • Note: 1jia is literary.
    • Dialectal data▼
    Variety Location 家
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
    Harbin /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕiɑ²¹/
    Jinan /t͡ɕia²¹³/
    Qingdao /t͡ɕia²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /t͡ɕia²⁴/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕia²¹/
    Xining /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕia³¹/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕia⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/ 國～
    /ka⁵⁵/ 人～
    Chengdu /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕia⁵⁵/
    Kunming /t͡ɕia̠⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /t͡ɕiɑ³¹/
    Hefei /t͡ɕia²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕia¹¹/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕiɑ¹³/
    /t͡ɕiɑ⁵³/ 娘～
    Hohhot /t͡ɕia³¹/
    /t͡ɕiaʔ/ 人～
    Wu Shanghai /ka⁵³/
    /t͡ɕia⁵³/
    Suzhou /kɑ⁵⁵/
    /t͡ɕiɑ⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡ɕiɑ³³/
    Wenzhou /ko³³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕia³¹/
    /ka³¹/
    Tunxi /kɔ¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕia³³/
    /ka³³/
    Xiangtan /kɒ³³/
    Gan Nanchang /kɑ⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /ka⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /kɑ²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /ka⁵³/
    Nanning /ka⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /ka⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ka⁵⁵/
    /ke⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /ka⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /ka⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /ke³³/
    /ka³³/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /ka²³/
    /kia²³/
    /kɛ²³/
    Rime
    Character 家
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 麻 (98)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 古牙切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠa/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kᵚa/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/ka/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kaɨ/
    Li
    Rong         		/ka/
    Wang
    Li         		/ka/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ka/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiā
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 家
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiā
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kæ ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kˁra/
    English household

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 家
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 5919
    Phonetic
    component         		家
    Rime
    group         		魚
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		嘉
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kraː/
    Definitions[edit]

    家

    1. home
      我的家就在這裡。 / 我的家就在这里。  ―  Wǒ de jiā jiù zài zhèlǐ.  ―  My home is here.
    2. house
    3. family; household
      家庭  ―  jiātíng  ―  family
      家族  ―  jiāzú  ―  clan; family
    4. (polite, for family member) my
    5. domesticated; domestic
    6. Classifier for families, businesses and companies.
    7. school of thought; philosophical school
      儒家  ―  Rújiā  ―  Confucian school
      道家  ―  Dàojiā  ―  Daoist School
    8. Suffix denoting a person with a certain occupation or social standing. -er
    9. Suffix denoting specialist in a certain activity or field. -ist; -er
      藝術家 / 艺术家  ―  yìshùjiā  ―  artist
      科學家 / 科学家  ―  kēxuéjiā  ―  scientist
    10. A surname​.
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 家 (“home”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 家
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 家
    Mandarin Beijing 家
    Taiwan 家
    Tianjin 家
    Jinan 家
    Xi'an 家、屋
    Wuhan 屋裡、家
    Chengdu 屋頭、家
    Yangzhou 家、家頭
    Hefei 家
    Cantonese Guangzhou 屋企
    Hong Kong 屋企
    Taishan 企
    Gan Nanchang 屋裡
    Hakka Meixian 屋下
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屋下
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 屋下
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 屋下
    Dongshi (Dabu) 屋家
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 屋下
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 屋下
    Jin Taiyuan 家
    Min Bei Jian'ou 厝
    Min Dong Fuzhou 厝
    Min Nan Xiamen 厝、兜
    Quanzhou 厝、兜
    Zhangzhou 厝、兜
    Penang 厝
    Philippines (Manila) 厝、兜
    Chaozhou 裡
    Wu Suzhou 屋裡
    Wenzhou 屋裡、屋底、底转
    Xiang Changsha 屋裡
    Shuangfeng 屋裡
    Dialectal synonyms of 房子 (“house”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 屋、房
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 房子
    Mandarin Beijing 房子
    Taiwan 房子
    Tianjin 房子
    Jinan 房子、屋
    Xi'an 房
    Wuhan 屋、房子
    Chengdu 房子
    Yangzhou 房子
    Hefei 屋、房子
    Cantonese Guangzhou 屋
    Hong Kong 屋
    Taishan 屋
    Gan Nanchang 房子、屋
    Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屋仔
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 屋仔
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 屋仔、屋
    Dongshi (Dabu) 屋
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 屋
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 屋
    Jin Taiyuan 房子
    Min Bei Jian'ou 厝
    Min Dong Fuzhou 厝
    Min Nan Xiamen 厝
    Quanzhou 厝
    Zhangzhou 厝
    Taipei 厝
    Penang 厝
    Philippines (Manila) 厝
    Chaozhou 厝
    Wu Shanghai 房子
    Suzhou 房子
    Wenzhou 屋宕
    Xiang Changsha 屋
    Shuangfeng 屋
    Compounds[edit]
    Derived terms from 家

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    家

    1. (Min Nan) Only used in 家己.

    Pronunciation 3[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    家

    1. (Min Nan) Only used in 私家.

    Etymology 2[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 家
    variant forms 價／价

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    家

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    家

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    家
    いえ
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    /ihe1/: [ie] ← [iwe] ← [iɸe] ← [ipe], possibly from Proto-Altaic *ibe (compare Proto-Turkic *eb (“house”) (Turkish ev)).

    Possibly related to 廬 (io, “temporary hut”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    家 (hiragana いえ, rōmaji ie, historical hiragana いへ)

    1. a house
    2. one's own home
    3. a home; a household
      • Yamazaki, Kore, “第1篇　April showers bring May flowers. [Composition 1: April showers bring May flowers.]”, in 魔法使いの嫁The Ancient Magus Bride [The Ancient Magus’ Bride], volume 1 (fiction, in Japanese), Tokyo: Mag Garden, page 17:
        ここが僕 (ぼく)の家 (いえ)　そして今 (きょ)日 (う)から君 (きみ)が暮 (く)らす家 (いえ)でもある
        Koko ga boku no ie Soshite kyō kara kimi ga kurasu ie de mo aru
        This is my home. From now on, you will live here, too.
    4. a family
      • 1996 September 15, Adachi, Mitsuru, “５×４Ｐ　第1話　お茶をにごす [5×4P Chapter 1: Tea-Bragging]”, in SHORT PROGRAMショート・プログラム [SHORT PROGRAM], volume 2 (fiction, in Japanese), Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 104:
        あ———
        A———
        Ah———
        どうしたの　サチコ？
        Dōshita no Sachiko?
        What is it, Sachiko?
        思 (おも)い出 (だ)した。うちのお父 (とう)さんだわ、あの人 (ひと)——
        Omoidashita. Uchi no otō-san da wa, ano hito——
        I remember now. That guy—— is my father
        あ——
        A——
        Oh——

    Suffix[edit]

    家 (hiragana か, rōmaji -ka)

    1. (as suffix) an expert, professional, performer

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    家
    うち
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    Cognate with 内 (uchi).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    家 (hiragana うち, rōmaji uchi)

    1. a house
    2. one's house
    Descendants[edit]

    Suffix[edit]

    家 (hiragana け, rōmaji -ke)

    1. a suffix representing relationship to a family
      平 (たいら)家 (け)
      taira-ke
      the Taira family

    Etymology 3[edit]

    A contraction of uchi → chi. Often following the genitive case marker no which contracts to n.

    Noun[edit]

    家 (hiragana ち, rōmaji chi)

    1. house
      俺 (おれ)ん家 (ち)に来 (こ)ない？
      Ore n chi ni konai?
      Wanna come to my place?


    Kanji in this term
    家
    や
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    家 (hiragana や, rōmaji ya)

    1. house

    Suffix[edit]

    家 (hiragana や, rōmaji -ya)

    1. house of something, place where some business is conducted
    2. person who does that thing
    See also[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    家 • (ga, go) (hangeul 가, 고)

    1. home; family; household

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms

    Okinawan[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    家 (hiragana やー, romaji yā)

    Compounds[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    家 (hiragana やー, romaji yā)

    1. house

    Derived terms[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    家 (gia, nhà)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Yonaguni[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    家 (hiragana だー, romaji dā)

    Noun[edit]

    家 (hiragana だー, romaji dā)

    1. house
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