相
Contents
Translingual[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Ideogrammic compound (會意): 木 + 目.
Han character[edit]
相 (radical 109 目+4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 木月山 (DBU), four-corner 46900, composition ⿰木目)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 800, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23151
- Dae Jaweon: page 1216, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2470, character 13
- Unihan data for U+76F8
Cantonese[edit]
Hanzi[edit]
相 (Jyutping soeng1, Yale seung1)
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Goon: そう (sō), (historical) さう (sau)
- Kan’on: しょう (shō), (historical) しゃう (shau)
- Kun: あい (ai), こもごも (komogomo), さが (saga)
- Nanori: あ (a), い (i), おう (ō), さ (sa), さが (saga), すけ (suke)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Japanese stem form of verb あう: to meet, to be together, etc.
Pronunciation[edit]
Prefix[edit]
- mutual, together, each other, meeting
- 兄弟はいつも相戦うものだ。
- kyōdai wa itsumo ai-tatakau mono da.
- Brothers (siblings) will always fight (with each other).
- 兄弟はいつも相戦うものだ。
Suffix[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
Generally, 相 when used as a prefix, 合い when used as a suffix.
Etymology 2[edit]
Originally a compound of Old Japanese elements 此 (ko, “this”) + も (mo, “too”) + 此 (ko, “this”) + も (mo, “too”). Appears as komokomo in older texts, evolving into komogomo in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Adverb[edit]
相 (hiragana こもごも, romaji komogomo)
- alternating, one after another
- 悲喜相
- hiki komogomo
- sadness and happiness one after another ⇒ mixed feelings
- 悲喜相
- all mixed up and indistinct
- 相考える
- komogomo kangaeru
- to be mixed up in one's thoughts, to think confusedly
- 相考える
Usage notes[edit]
Most often seen spelled in hiragana as こもごも. May also be spelled variously as 交交, 交, 更.
Etymology 3[edit]
From Old Japanese.
Pronunciation[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
- nature, personality
- fate, destiny
- a habit, custom, or practice
- the good and bad of a person; especially, one's faults
Synonyms[edit]
- (nature): 性質 (せいしつ, seishitsu)
- (fate): 運命 (うんめい, unmei); 宿命 (しゅくめい, shukumei)
- (habit): 癖 (くせ, kuse)
- (custom): 習慣 (しゅうかん, shūkan); 慣わし, 習わし (ならわし, narawashi)
- (good and bad): 善悪 (ぜんあく, zen'aku)
- (faults): 欠点 (けってん, ketten); 短所 (たんしょ, tansho); 悪癖 (わるぐせ, waruguse; あくへき, akuheki)
Etymology 4[edit]
From Middle Chinese, deriving from the meaning of with from the way that a minister would always be with their lord. Kan'on, so likely a later borrowing than the sō reading.
Pronunciation[edit]
Suffix[edit]
相 (hiragana しょう, historical hiragana しゃう, romaji -shō)
- minister of state
- 首相
- shushō
- prime minister
- 内相
- naishō
- minister of the interior
- 首相
Synonyms[edit]
Etymology 5[edit]
From Middle Chinese. Goon, so likely an earlier borrowing than the shō reading.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
相 (hiragana そう, historical hiragana さう, romaji sō)
- appearance, how something looks
- an aspect of something
- 大自然の色々な相
- daishizen no iroiro na sō
- various aspects of nature
- 大自然の色々な相
- (grammar) grammatical aspect
- (physics) a phase, as of matter
- (ikebana) the central supporting branch of an ikebana arrangement
Related terms[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
相 (hangeul 상 (sang), revised sang, McCune-Reischauer sang, Yale sang)
Mandarin[edit]
Hanzi[edit]
相 (Pinyin xiāng (xiang1), xiàng (xiang4), Wade-Giles hsiang1, hsiang4)
Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Han characters
- Japanese kanji
- Grade 3 kanji
- Japanese kanji read as そう
- Japanese kanji read as さう
- Japanese kanji read as しょう
- Japanese kanji read as しゃう
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese prefixes
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with one Han script character
- Japanese terms spelled with 相
- Japanese suffixes
- Japanese compound words
- Japanese adverbs
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- ja:Grammar
- ja:Physics
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese Han tu
