恰

恰 U+6070, 恰 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6070 ← 息 [U+606F] CJK Unified Ideographs 恱 → [U+6071]

Translingual

Han character

恰 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心人一口 (POMR), four-corner 9806₁, composition ⿰忄合)

Derived characters

• 𪣺

References

• KangXi: page 386, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10603
• Dae Jaweon: page 718, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2297, character 2
• Unihan data for U+6070

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 恰
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (合) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
龕	*kʰuːm
媕	*quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb
頜	*ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb
答	*tkuːb
畣	*tkuːb
荅	*tkuːb
嗒	*tuːb, *tʰoːb
褡	*tuːb, *toːb
撘	*tuːb
搭	*tuːb, *tʰoːb
榙	*tkuːb, *ɡuːb
佮	*tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb
蛤	*kuːb
鴿	*kuːb
合	*kuːb, *ɡuːb
郃	*kuːb, *ɡuːb
匌	*kuːb, *kʰuːb
鉿	*kuːb
閤	*kuːb
鞈	*kuːb, *kruːb
韐	*kuːb, *kruːb
鮯	*kuːb
哈	*ŋɡuːb
姶	*quːb, *quːb
欱	*qʰuːb, *qʰruːb
盒	*ɡuːb
耠	*ɡuːb
詥	*ɡuːb
塔	*tʰuːb
鞳	*tʰoːb
劄	*rtuːb
跲	*kruːb, *kob, *ɡob
袷	*kruːb, *ŋkob
餄	*kruːb
恰	*kʰruːb
帢	*kʰruːb
洽	*ɡruːb
祫	*ɡruːb
珨	*ɡruːb
烚	*ɡruːb
歙	*qʰjob, *qʰrub
湁	*tkʰub
拾	*ɡjub
給	*krub
翕	*qʰrub
噏	*qʰrub
潝	*qʰrub
熻	*qʰrub
嬆	*qʰrub
翖	*qʰrub
闟	*qʰrub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰruːb): semantic 忄 + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		恰

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): qià (qia⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄚˋ

  (Chengdu, SP): qia²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou, Jyutping): hap¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): hap²

• Gan (Wiktionary): kat⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): khap

  (Meixian, Guangdong): kab⁵

• Jin (Wiktionary): qiah⁴
• Min Bei (KCR): kiă
• Min Dong (BUC): kák
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): khap

  (Teochew, Peng'im): kab⁴

• Wu (Wiktionary): qiaq (T4); khaq (T4)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): qia⁶ / ka⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: qià
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄚˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiah
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cià
    • Wade–Giles: chʻia4
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjä⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: qia²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kia
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰia²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: hap¹
    • Yale: hāp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hap⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: heb¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐp̚⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: hap²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hap̚⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: kat⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰat̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khap
    • Hakka Romanization System: kab`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kab⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰap̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: kab⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰap̚¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: qiah⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiaʔ²/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: kiă
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰia²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kák
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɑʔ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khap
    • Tâi-lô: khap
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qab
    • IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kʰap̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰap̚³²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: kab⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khap
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰap̚²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: qiaq (T4); khaq (T4)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰia̱ʔ⁵⁵/, /kʰa̱ʔ⁵⁵/

Note:

• 4qiaq - literary;
• 4khaq - vernacular.

Xiang

• (Changsha)
  • Wiktionary: qia⁶ / ka⁶
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰia̠²⁴/, /kʰa̠²⁴/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 恰
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕʰia⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕʰia⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕʰiɑ⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕʰia²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕʰia⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕʰia⁵³/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕʰia⁵³/
	Xining	/t͡ɕʰia⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕʰia¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕʰia⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕʰia²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕʰia²¹³/ ～當 /kʰa²¹³/ ～～
	Chengdu	/t͡ɕʰia³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕʰia²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕʰia̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕʰiɐʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕʰiaʔ²/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/ /kʰʌʔ¹³/ ～好
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/kʰaʔ⁵/ /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/
	Wenzhou	/kʰa²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/kʰaʔ²¹/
	Tunxi	/kʰɔ⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡ɕʰia²⁴/ /kʰa²⁴/
	Xiangtan	/kʰɒ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/kʰaʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/kʰap̚¹/
	Taoyuan	/kʰɑp̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/hɐp̚⁵/
	Nanning	/hip̚³³/
	Hong Kong	/hɐp̚⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/kʰap̚³²/ /kʰaʔ³²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/kʰɑʔ²³/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/kʰia²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/kʰap̚²/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/t͡sap̚⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: /kʰˠɛp̚/

Rime
Character	恰
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	洽 (152)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	苦洽切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰˠɛp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰᵚæp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰɐp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəɨp̚/
Li Rong	/kʰɐp̚/
Wang Li	/kʰɐp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰăp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qia
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haap3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰruːb/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	恰
Reading #	1/1
No.	4989
Phonetic component	合
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	恰
Old Chinese	/*kʰruːb/

Definitions

恰

1. exactly; just
2. appropriate; suitable

Compounds

• 不恰好
• 半恰
• 恰不道
• 恰似 (qiàsì)
• 恰便似
• 恰克圖／恰克图 (Qiàkètú)
• 恰到好處／恰到好处 (qiàdàohǎochù)
• 恰則／恰则
• 恰哈 (Qiàhā)

• 恰好 (qiàhǎo)
• 恰如 (qiàrú)
• 恰如其分 (qiàrúqífèn)
• 恰巧 (qiàqiǎo)
• 恰恰 (qiàqià)
• 恰正
• 恰爾巴格／恰尔巴格 (Qià'ěrbāgé)
• 恰爾隆／恰尔隆 (Qià'ěrlóng)
• 恰當／恰当 (qiàdàng)

• 恰纔／恰才 (qiàcái)
• 恰薩／恰萨 (Qiàsà)
• 恰限
• 普恰克其 (Pǔqiàkèqí)
• 洽恰
• 烏恰／乌恰 (Wūqià)
• 烏魯克恰提／乌鲁克恰提 (Wūlǔkèqiàtí)
• 阿恰勒 (Āqiàlè)
• 阿恰塔格 (Āqiàtǎgé)

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		恰
alternative forms		太

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to Teochew kah4, Hokkien khah?”)

Pronunciation

• Min Dong (BUC): kák

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• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: kák
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰɑʔ²⁴/

Definitions

恰

1. (Min Dong) too; so

   噇飽恰閒。 [Min Dong, trad.]
   噇饱恰闲。 [Min Dong, simp.]

   Chòng bā kák-èng. / [t͡sʰouŋ⁵³ pa³³ kʰaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ ɛiŋ⁵³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]

   Have nothing else to do. / Don't you have nothing else to do? / Mind your own concerns/business.

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 太 (“too; excessively”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		太, 過於
Mandarin	Beijing	太, 忒
	Taiwan	太
	Tianjin	太, 忒
	Jinan	太, 忒
	Wanrong	太
	Xi'an	太
	Yinchuan	太
	Wuhan	太, 忒
	Chengdu	太
	Guiyang	太
	Guilin	太
	Xuzhou	忒
	Yangzhou	太
	Hefei	太
	Malaysia	太
	Singapore	太
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	太
Cantonese	Guangzhou	太, 得滯 >, 過頭 >
	Hong Kong	太, 太過, 得滯 >, 過頭 >
	Taishan	得滯 >
	Dongguan	得滯 >
	Yangjiang	得滯 >
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	太
	Singapore (Guangfu)	太
Gan	Nanchang	太
	Lichuan	太
	Pingxiang	太
Hakka	Meixian	忒
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	太, 過頭 >
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	忒
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	太
	Wengyuan	太
	Liannan	太
	Jiexi	忒
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	太, 忒
	Changting	忒
	Wuping	忒
	Wuping (Yanqian)	忒
	Liancheng	忒
	Ninghua	忒
	Yudu	太
	Ningdu	太, 忒
	Tonggu (Sandu)	忒
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	太
	Dayu	太
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	忒
	Pingtung (Neipu, S. Sixian)	忒
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong, Hailu)	忒
	Taichung (Dongshi, Dabu)	忒
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin, Raoping)	忒
	Yunlin (Lunbei, Zhao'an)	忒
	Hong Kong	太, 過頭 >
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	太
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	太
	Xinyi (Sihe)	太
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	太
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	太
	Dianbai (Shalang)	太
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	忒
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	忒
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	太
	Mengshan (Xihe)	太
	Luchuan	太
	Senai (Huiyang)	過頭 >
	Kuching (Hepo)	過頭
Huizhou	Jixi	太
Jin	Taiyuan	太
Min Bei	Jian'ou	忒
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	忒
	Songxi	忒
	Zhenghe	忒
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	忒
	Jianyang	忒
	Wuyishan	忒
	Pucheng (Shibei)	忒
Min Dong	Fuzhou	過, 恰
	Changle	恰
	Lianjiang	恰
	Fuqing	恰
	Pingtan	恰
	Yongtai	恰
	Minqing	恰
	Gutian	恰
	Pingnan	恰
	Luoyuan	恰
	Fu'an	恰
	Ningde	恰
	Xiapu	恰
	Zherong	恰
	Shouning	恰
	Zhouning	恰
	Fuding	恰
Min Nan	Xiamen	傷, 傷過
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	傷
	Quanzhou	傷, 傷過
	Jinjiang	傷, 太
	Nan'an	傷
	Shishi	傷
	Hui'an	傷
	Anxi	傷
	Yongchun	傷
	Dehua	傷
	Zhangzhou	傷, 傷過
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	傷
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	傷
	Hua'an	傷
	Nanjing	傷
	Pinghe	傷
	Zhangpu	傷
	Yunxiao	傷
	Zhao'an	傷
	Dongshan	傷
	Taipei	傷
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	傷
	Kaohsiung	傷
	Yilan	傷
	Changhua (Lukang)	傷
	Taichung	傷
	Tainan	傷
	Hsinchu	傷
	Kinmen	傷
	Penghu (Magong)	傷
	Penang (Hokkien)	傷, 太
	Singapore (Hokkien)	傷, 過, 佮
	Manila (Hokkien)	傷, 傷過
	Longyan	蓋
	Zhangping	傷
	Chaozhou	佮
	Shantou	佮, 過
	Jieyang	佮, 過
	Bangkok (Teochew)	佮
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	佮
	Singapore (Teochew)	佮, 過
Puxian Min	Putian	傷
	Xianyou	傷
Min Zhong	Yong'an	太
	Sanyuan	忒
	Shaxian	太
Wu	Shanghai	忒, 過於, 忒煞, 忒以 dated
	Shanghai (Chongming)	忒
	Suzhou	忒
	Hangzhou	忒
	Ningbo	忒
	Wenzhou	忒
	Jinhua	太, 忒
Xiang	Changsha	太
	Shuangfeng	太, 忒
Note	> - after adjective or adverb

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		恰

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qià (qia⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄚˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: qià
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄚˋ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiah
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cià
    • Wade–Giles: chʻia4
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰjä⁵¹/

Definitions

恰

1. (dialectal or Internet slang) Pronunciation spelling of 吃.

   恰飯 / 恰饭  ―  qiàfàn  ―  to eat

   恰爛錢 / 恰烂钱  ―  qià lànqián  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01336
• “恰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

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Japanese

Kanji

恰

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: きょう (kyō)^{←けふ (kefu, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}
• On: かつ (katsu)
• Kun: あたかも (atakamo, 恰も)

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Korean

Hanja

恰 (eum 흡 (heup))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

恰: Hán Nôm readings: kháp

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.