恰

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恰 U+6070, 恰
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6070
← 息
[U+606F] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 恱 →
[U+6071]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

恰 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 心人一口 (POMR), four-corner 98061, composition ⿰忄合)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 386, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10603
  • Dae Jaweon: page 718, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2297, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+6070

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 恰
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (合) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
龕 *kʰuːm
媕 *quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb
頜 *ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb
答 *tkuːb
畣 *tkuːb
荅 *tkuːb
嗒 *tuːb, *tʰoːb
褡 *tuːb, *toːb
撘 *tuːb
搭 *tuːb, *tʰoːb
榙 *tkuːb, *ɡuːb
佮 *tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb
蛤 *kuːb
鴿 *kuːb
合 *kuːb, *ɡuːb
郃 *kuːb, *ɡuːb
匌 *kuːb, *kʰuːb
鉿 *kuːb
閤 *kuːb
鞈 *kuːb, *kruːb
韐 *kuːb, *kruːb
鮯 *kuːb
哈 *ŋɡuːb
姶 *quːb, *quːb
欱 *qʰuːb, *qʰruːb
盒 *ɡuːb
耠 *ɡuːb
詥 *ɡuːb
塔 *tʰuːb
鞳 *tʰoːb
劄 *rtuːb
跲 *kruːb, *kob, *ɡob
袷 *kruːb, *ŋkob
餄 *kruːb
恰 *kʰruːb
帢 *kʰruːb
洽 *ɡruːb
祫 *ɡruːb
珨 *ɡruːb
烚 *ɡruːb
歙 *qʰjob, *qʰrub
湁 *tkʰub
拾 *ɡjub
給 *krub
翕 *qʰrub
噏 *qʰrub
潝 *qʰrub
熻 *qʰrub
嬆 *qʰrub
翖 *qʰrub
闟 *qʰrub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kʰruːb): semantic 忄 + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 恰

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • 4qiaq - literary;
  • 4khaq - vernacular.
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 恰
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰia⁵¹/
    Harbin /t͡ɕʰia⁵³/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕʰiɑ⁵³/
    Jinan /t͡ɕʰia²¹³/
    Qingdao /t͡ɕʰia⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /t͡ɕʰia⁵³/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕʰia⁵³/
    Xining /t͡ɕʰia⁵³/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰia¹³/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰia⁴⁴²/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕʰia²¹³/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕʰia²¹³/ ～當
    /kʰa²¹³/ ～～
    Chengdu /t͡ɕʰia³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕʰia²¹/
    Kunming /t͡ɕʰia̠³¹/
    Nanjing /t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/
    Hefei /t͡ɕʰiɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰiaʔ²/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕʰiʌʔ¹³/
    /kʰʌʔ¹³/ ～好
    Hohhot /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁴³/
    Wu Shanghai /kʰaʔ⁵/
    /t͡ɕʰiaʔ⁵/
    Suzhou /t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡ɕʰiɑʔ⁵/
    Wenzhou /kʰa²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /kʰaʔ²¹/
    Tunxi /kʰɔ⁵/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕʰia²⁴/
    /kʰa²⁴/
    Xiangtan /kʰɒ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /kʰaʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /kʰap̚¹/
    Taoyuan /kʰɑp̚⁵⁵/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐp̚⁵/
    Nanning /hip̚³³/
    Hong Kong /hɐp̚⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /kʰap̚³²/
    /kʰaʔ³²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kʰɑʔ²³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /kʰia²⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /kʰap̚²/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /t͡sap̚⁵/
    Rime
    Character 恰
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
    Final (韻) 咸 (152)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 苦洽切
    Baxter kheap
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kʰˠɛp̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kʰᵚæp̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kʰɐp̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kʰəɨp̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/kʰɐp̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/kʰɐp̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/kʰăp̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		qia
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		haap3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 恰
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 4989
    Phonetic
    component         		合
    Rime
    group         		緝
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		恰
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kʰruːb/

    Definitions[edit]

    恰

    1. exactly; just
    2. appropriate; suitable

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 恰
    alternative forms 太

    (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “related to Teochew kah4, Hokkien khah?”)

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    恰

    1. (Min Dong) too; so
      噇飽恰閒。 [Min Dong, trad.]
      噇饱恰闲。 [Min Dong, simp.]
      Chòng bā kák-èng. / [t͡sʰouŋ⁵³ pa³³ kʰaʔ²⁴⁻²¹ ɛiŋ⁵³] [Bàng-uâ-cê / IPA]
      Have nothing else to do. / Don't you have nothing else to do? / Mind your own concerns/business.
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 太 (“too; excessively”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 太, 過於
    Mandarin Beijing 太, 忒
    Taiwan 太
    Tianjin 太, 忒
    Jinan 太, 忒
    Wanrong 太
    Xi'an 太
    Yinchuan 太
    Wuhan 太, 忒
    Chengdu 太
    Guiyang 太
    Guilin 太
    Xuzhou 忒
    Yangzhou 太
    Hefei 太
    Malaysia 太
    Singapore 太
    Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 太
    Cantonese Guangzhou 太, 得滯 >, 過頭 >
    Hong Kong 太, 太過, 得滯 >, 過頭 >, 過龍 >
    Taishan 得滯 >
    Dongguan 得滯 >
    Yangjiang 得滯 >
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 太
    Singapore (Guangfu) 太
    Gan Nanchang 太
    Lichuan 太
    Pingxiang 太
    Hakka Meixian 忒
    Dongguan (Qingxi) 太, 過頭 >
    Wuhua (Huacheng) 忒
    Heyuan (Bendihua) 太
    Wengyuan 太
    Liannan 太
    Jiexi 忒
    Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 太, 忒
    Changting 忒
    Wuping 忒
    Wuping (Yanqian) 忒
    Liancheng 忒
    Ninghua 忒
    Yudu 太
    Ningdu 太, 忒
    Tonggu (Sandu) 忒
    Ganzhou (Panlong) 太
    Dayu 太
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 忒
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 忒
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 忒
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 忒
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 忒
    Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 忒
    Hong Kong 太, 過頭 >
    Yangxi (Tangkou) 太
    Yangchun (Sanjia) 太
    Xinyi (Sihe) 太
    Xinyi (Qianpai) 太
    Gaozhou (Xindong) 太
    Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 太
    Huazhou (Xin'an) 忒
    Lianjiang (Shijiao) 忒
    Lianjiang (Qingping) 太
    Mengshan (Xihe) 太
    Luchuan 太
    Senai (Huiyang) 過頭 >
    Kuching (Hepo) 過頭
    Huizhou Jixi 太
    Jin Taiyuan 太
    Min Bei Jian'ou 忒
    Jian'ou (Dikou) 忒
    Songxi 忒
    Zhenghe 忒
    Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 忒
    Jianyang 忒
    Wuyishan 忒
    Pucheng (Shibei) 忒
    Min Dong Fuzhou 過, 恰
    Changle 恰
    Lianjiang 恰
    Fuqing 恰
    Pingtan 恰
    Yongtai 恰
    Minqing 恰
    Gutian 恰
    Pingnan 恰
    Luoyuan 恰
    Fu'an 恰
    Ningde 恰
    Xiapu 恰
    Zherong 恰
    Shouning 恰
    Zhouning 恰
    Fuding 恰
    Min Nan Xiamen 傷, 傷過
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 傷
    Quanzhou 傷, 傷過
    Jinjiang 傷, 太
    Nan'an 傷
    Shishi 傷
    Hui'an 傷
    Anxi 傷
    Yongchun 傷
    Dehua 傷
    Zhangzhou 傷, 傷過
    Zhangzhou (Longhai) 傷
    Zhangzhou (Changtai) 傷
    Hua'an 傷
    Nanjing 傷
    Pinghe 傷
    Zhangpu 傷
    Yunxiao 傷
    Zhao'an 傷
    Dongshan 傷
    Taipei 傷
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 傷
    Kaohsiung 傷
    Yilan 傷
    Changhua (Lukang) 傷
    Taichung 傷
    Tainan 傷
    Hsinchu 傷
    Kinmen 傷
    Penghu (Magong) 傷
    Penang (Hokkien) 傷, 太
    Singapore (Hokkien) 傷, 傷過, 過, 佮
    Manila (Hokkien) 傷, 傷過
    Longyan 蓋
    Zhangping 傷
    Chaozhou 佮
    Shantou 佮, 過
    Jieyang 佮, 過
    Bangkok (Teochew) 佮
    Johor Bahru (Teochew) 佮
    Singapore (Teochew) 佮, 過
    Puxian Min Putian 傷
    Xianyou 傷
    Min Zhong Yong'an 太
    Sanyuan 忒
    Shaxian 太
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 太, 過頭 >
    Wu Shanghai 忒, 過於, 忒煞, 忒以 dated
    Shanghai (Chongming) 忒
    Suzhou 忒
    Hangzhou 忒
    Ningbo 忒
    Wenzhou 忒
    Jinhua 太, 忒
    Xiang Changsha 太
    Shuangfeng 太, 忒
    Note > - after adjective or adverb

    Etymology 3[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 恰

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    恰

    1. (Cantonese) to bully

    Etymology 4[edit]

    simp. and trad.
    		 恰

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    恰

    1. (dialectal or Internet slang) Pronunciation spelling of 吃.
      恰飯／恰饭  ―  qiàfàn  ―  to eat
      恰爛錢／恰烂钱  ―  qià lànqián  ―  (please add an English translation of this example)

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    恰

    (“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings[edit]

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    恰 (eum 흡 (heup))

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    恰: Hán Nôm readings: kháp

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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