閤

See also: 閣, 阁, 合, and 𬮤

閤 U+95A4, 閤 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-95A4 ← 閣 [U+95A3] CJK Unified Ideographs 閥 → [U+95A5]

Translingual

Han character

閤 (Kangxi radical 169, 門+6, 14 strokes, cangjie input 日弓人一口 (ANOMR), four-corner 7760₁, composition ⿵門合)

Derived characters

• 𮆤, 𨶼

Related characters

• 閣 (Orthodox traditional form of 閤 for the pronunciation gé in mainland China)
• 阁 (Simplified form for the pronunciation gé in mainland China)
• 合 (Simplified form for the pronunciation hé in mainland China)
• 𬮤 (Nonstandard form in simplified Chinese)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1334, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41301
• Dae Jaweon: page 1840, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4297, character 7
• Unihan data for U+95A4

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 閤
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (合) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
龕	*kʰuːm
媕	*quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb
頜	*ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb
答	*tkuːb
畣	*tkuːb
荅	*tkuːb
嗒	*tuːb, *tʰoːb
褡	*tuːb, *toːb
撘	*tuːb
搭	*tuːb, *tʰoːb
榙	*tkuːb, *ɡuːb
佮	*tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb
蛤	*kuːb
鴿	*kuːb
合	*kuːb, *ɡuːb
郃	*kuːb, *ɡuːb
匌	*kuːb, *kʰuːb
鉿	*kuːb
閤	*kuːb
鞈	*kuːb, *kruːb
韐	*kuːb, *kruːb
鮯	*kuːb
哈	*ŋɡuːb
姶	*quːb, *quːb
欱	*qʰuːb, *qʰruːb
盒	*ɡuːb
耠	*ɡuːb
詥	*ɡuːb
塔	*tʰuːb
鞳	*tʰoːb
劄	*rtuːb
跲	*kruːb, *kob, *ɡob
袷	*kruːb, *ŋkob
餄	*kruːb
恰	*kʰruːb
帢	*kʰruːb
洽	*ɡruːb
祫	*ɡruːb
珨	*ɡruːb
烚	*ɡruːb
歙	*qʰjob, *qʰrub
湁	*tkʰub
拾	*ɡjub
給	*krub
翕	*qʰrub
噏	*qʰrub
潝	*qʰrub
熻	*qʰrub
嬆	*qʰrub
翖	*qʰrub
闟	*qʰrub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kuːb) : semantic 門 (“door”) + phonetic 合 (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).

Etymology 1

trad.		閤
simp.		阁*
nonstandard simp.		𬮤

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gé (ge²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gap³, gok³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kap

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gé
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gé
    • Wade–Giles: ko²
    • Yale: gé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ger
    • Palladius: гэ (gɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gap³, gok³
    • Yale: gap, gok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gap⁸, gok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: geb³, gog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐp̚³/, /kɔːk̚³/

Note:

• gap3 - side door, surname;
• gok3 - alt.form of 閣.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kap
    • Tâi-lô: kap
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kab
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kap̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kap̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kap̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kap̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kap̚³²/

---

• Middle Chinese: kop

Rime
Character	閤
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	覃 (160)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古沓切
Baxter	kop
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʌp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kəp̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kɒp̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəp̚/
Li Rong	/kᴀp̚/
Wang Li	/kɒp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kăp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	ge
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gap3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ[o]p/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kuːb/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	閤
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gé
Middle Chinese	‹ kop ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁ[o]p/
English	small gate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	閤
Reading #	1/1
No.	4960
Phonetic component	合
Rime group	緝
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	閤
Old Chinese	/*kuːb/

Definitions

閤

1. (literary) side door
2. throne room
3. (alt. form 閣) chamber; pavilion
4. (alt. form 閣) female quarters
5. a surname

Compounds

• 閤下／合下
• 閤中／合中
• 閤兒／合儿
• 閤分／合分
• 閤子／合子
• 閤門／合门

 

Usage notes

This character is considered a variant form of 閣／阁 (gé) in mainland China which is succeeded by 阁 as its simplified form.

Etymology 2

trad.		閤
simp.		合*

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hé (he²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hap⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hé
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hé
    • Wade–Giles: ho²
    • Yale: hé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
    • Palladius: хэ (xɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: hap⁶
    • Yale: hahp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hap⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: heb⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɐp̚²/

Definitions

閤

1. (alt. form 合, 闔) to close; to shut

   把眼睛閤上。／把眼睛合上。  ―  Bǎ yǎnjīng hé shàng.  ―  to shut one's eyes

2. (alt. form 闔) all of; whole of; entire

   Synonym: 全 (quán)

Compounds

• 閤家／合家 (héjiā)
• 閤府／合府
• 閤眼／合眼

 

References

• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04386
• “閤”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

閤

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

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Readings

• Go-on: こう (kō)^{←こふ (kofu, historical)}
• Kan-on: こう (kō)^{←かふ (kafu, historical)}
• Kun: くぐりど (kugurido, 閤)

Korean

Hanja

閤 • (hap) (hangeul 합, revised hap, McCune–Reischauer hap, Yale hap)

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Vietnamese

Han character

閤: Hán Nôm readings: các

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References

• Nom Foundation