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See also: 金, 𠓴, and 㒰
全 U+5168, 全
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5168
← 內
[U+5167] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兩 →
[U+5169]
全 U+FA72, 全
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA72
← 况
[U+FA71] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 侀 →
[U+FA73]
Commons:Category
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Translingual[edit]

Traditional 全
Simplified 全
Japanese 全
Korean 全
Stroke order
6 strokes
Stroke order
全-order.gif

Han character[edit]

全 (radical 11, 入+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人一土 (OMG), four-corner 80104, composition ⿱人王 (GJV) or ⿱入王 (HTK))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 126, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1424
  • Dae Jaweon: page 271, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 115, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5168

Further reading[edit]

Chinese[edit]

trad. 全
simp. # 全
alternative forms 㒰
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 全
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
全-seal.svg 全-bigseal.svg
Small seal script
ACC-s03782.svg

s03782

Transcribed ancient scripts
ACC-L32047.svg

L32047

ACC-L32048.svg

L32048

ACC-L07273.svg

L07273

ACC-L07274.svg

L07274

ACC-L07275.svg

L07275

ACC-L07276.svg

L07276

ACC-L07277.svg

L07277

ACC-L07278.svg

L07278

ACC-L07279.svg

L07279

ACC-L07280.svg

L07280

ACC-L07281.svg

L07281

ACC-L07282.svg

L07282

ACC-L07283.svg

L07283

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (全) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
拴 *sroːn, *sʰlon
栓 *sroːn, *sron
跧 *ʔsroːn, *ʔsron, *ʔslun
痊 *sʰlon
詮 *sʰlon
荃 *sʰlon
銓 *sʰlon
筌 *sʰlon
輇 *sʰlon, *djon
硂 *sʰlon
佺 *sʰlon
駩 *sʰlon
絟 *sʰlon, *sʰlod
恮 *sʰlon, *ʔsron
峑 *sʰlon
全 *zlon
仝 *zlon, *doːŋ
牷 *zlon

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 入 + 玉 (“jade”) – a whole piece of jade; pure jade.

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with 痊 (OC *sʰlon, “to become cured”) (Karlgen, 1956).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • chn̂g/chûiⁿ - vernacular;
  • choân - literary.
Note:
  • cuêng5 - Chaozhou;
  • cuang5 - Shantou.
  • Wu
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 全
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰyan³⁵/
    Harbin /t͡ɕʰyan²⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕʰyan⁴⁵/
    Jinan /t͡ɕʰyã⁴²/
    Qingdao /t͡sʰiã⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /t͡sʰyan⁴²/
    Xi'an /t͡sʰuã²⁴/
    Xining /t͡sʰuã²⁴/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰyan⁵³/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰyɛ̃n⁵³/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕyan⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕʰyɛn²¹³/ 新
    /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹³/ 舊
    Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyan³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕʰian²¹/
    Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃³¹/
    Nanjing /t͡sʰyen²⁴/
    Hefei /t͡ɕʰyĩ⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰye¹¹/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕʰye̞¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕʰye³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ʑi²³/
    Suzhou /ziɪ¹³/
    Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞²¹³/
    Wenzhou /jy³¹/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰye⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /t͡sʰiɛ⁴⁴/
    /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡siẽ¹³/
    Xiangtan /d͡zyẽ¹²/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰyɵn⁴⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰien¹¹/
    Taoyuan /t͡sʰion¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰyn²¹/
    Nanning /t͡sʰyn²¹/
    Hong Kong /t͡sʰyn²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡suan³⁵/
    /t͡sŋ̍³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡suoŋ⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡syiŋ²¹/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰuaŋ⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /suaŋ³¹/
    Rime
    Character 全
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 從 (15)
    Final (韻) 仙 (78)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 疾緣切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/d͡ziuᴇn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/d͡zʷiɛn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/d͡zjuæn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/d͡zwian/
    Li
    Rong         		/d͡ziuɛn/
    Wang
    Li         		/d͡zĭwɛn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/d͡zʱi̯wɛn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		quán
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 全
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		quán
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ dzjwen ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[dz]o[n]/
    English complete (adj.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 全
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 10718
    Phonetic
    component         		全
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		全
    Old
    Chinese         		/*zlon/

    Definitions[edit]

    全

    1. † pure jade
    2. whole; entire; all
    3. completely; wholly
    4. everything; complete
    5. perfect; flawless; faultless
    6. to preserve; to save; to keep whole or intact
    7. to maintain; to keep
    8. A surname​.

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (whole):
    edit
    Synonyms of 全
    • (all):
    Dialectal synonyms of 都 (“all; both”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 皆, 均, 俱
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 都, 全, 皆, 均, 俱
    Mandarin Beijing 都, 全
    Taiwan 都
    Jinan 都, 全
    Xi'an 都
    Wuhan 都, 下
    Chengdu 都, 下
    Yangzhou 都, 全
    Hefei 都
    Malaysia 都
    Singapore 都
    Cantonese Guangzhou 都
    Hong Kong 都
    Yangjiang 都
    Kuala Lumpur 都
    Singapore 都
    Gan Nanchang 都
    Hakka Meixian 都
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 都
    Liudui (S. Sixian) 都
    Hsinchu (Hailu) 都
    Dongshi (Dabu) 都
    Hsinchu (Raoping) 都
    Yunlin (Zhao'an) 攏
    Jin Taiyuan 都, 全
    Min Bei Jian'ou 都
    Min Dong Fuzhou 都
    Min Nan Xiamen 攏, 計, 計計
    Quanzhou 攏, 計, 計計
    Zhangzhou 攏, 計, 計計
    Tainan 攏
    Singapore (Hokkien) 攏
    Chaozhou 攏
    Shantou 攏
    Jieyang 攏
    Singapore (Teochew) 攏
    Wu Suzhou 才
    Wenzhou 沃
    Xiang Changsha 下, 都
    Shuangfeng 下

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 全

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (全):
    • → Japanese: 全(ぜん) (zen)
    • → Korean: 전 (全, jeon)
    • → Vietnamese: toàn (全)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    全

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    全
    ぜん
    Grade: 3
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 全 (dzjwen, “complete, whole”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    全(ぜん) • (zen) 

    1. entire, complete, overall

    Prefix[edit]

    全(ぜん) • (zen-) 

    1. all, pan-, omni-

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    全 (eumhun 온전할 전 (onjeonhal jeon))

    1. Hanja form? of 전 (“intact”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    全: Hán Nôm readings: toàn, tuyền

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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