全

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See also: 金, 𠓴, and 㒰
全 U+5168, 全
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5168
← 內
[U+5167] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兩 →
[U+5169]
全 U+FA72, 全
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA72
← 况
[U+FA71] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 侀 →
[U+FA73]
Commons:Category
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Translingual[edit]

Traditional 全
Simplified 全
Japanese 全
Korean 全
Stroke order
6 strokes
Stroke order
全-order.gif
Stroke order
(Japan)
全-jorder.gif

Alternative forms[edit]

  • Note that in Japan and Mainland China, the top of the character is 人, while in Hong Kong, Taiwan and Korea, the top is 入, which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi Dictionary.

Han character[edit]

全 (Kangxi radical 11, 入+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 人一土 (OMG), four-corner 80104, composition ⿱人王 (GJV) or ⿱入王 (HTK))

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 126, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1424
  • Dae Jaweon: page 271, character 3
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 115, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+5168

Further reading[edit]


Chinese[edit]

trad. 全
simp. # 全
alternative forms 㒰
Wikipedia has articles on:

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 全
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
全-seal.svg 全-bigseal.svg
Small seal script
ACC-s03782.svg

s03782

Transcribed ancient scripts
ACC-L32047.svg

L32047

ACC-L32048.svg

L32048

ACC-L07273.svg

L07273

ACC-L07274.svg

L07274

ACC-L07275.svg

L07275

ACC-L07276.svg

L07276

ACC-L07277.svg

L07277

ACC-L07278.svg

L07278

ACC-L07279.svg

L07279

ACC-L07280.svg

L07280

ACC-L07281.svg

L07281

ACC-L07282.svg

L07282

ACC-L07283.svg

L07283

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (全) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
拴 *sroːn, *sʰlon
栓 *sroːn, *sron
跧 *ʔsroːn, *ʔsron, *ʔslun
痊 *sʰlon
詮 *sʰlon
荃 *sʰlon
銓 *sʰlon
筌 *sʰlon
輇 *sʰlon, *djon
硂 *sʰlon
佺 *sʰlon
駩 *sʰlon
絟 *sʰlon, *sʰlod
恮 *sʰlon, *ʔsron
峑 *sʰlon
全 *zlon
仝 *zlon, *doːŋ
牷 *zlon

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 入 + 玉 (“jade”) – a whole piece of jade; pure jade.

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with 痊 (OC *sʰlon, “to become cured”) (Karlgen, 1956).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • chn̂g/chûiⁿ - vernacular;
  • choân - literary.
Note:
  • cuêng5 - Chaozhou;
  • cuang5 - Shantou.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 全
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕʰyan³⁵/
    Harbin /t͡ɕʰyan²⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕʰyan⁴⁵/
    Jinan /t͡ɕʰyã⁴²/
    Qingdao /t͡sʰiã⁴²/
    Zhengzhou /t͡sʰyan⁴²/
    Xi'an /t͡sʰuã²⁴/
    Xining /t͡sʰuã²⁴/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕʰyan⁵³/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕʰyɛ̃n⁵³/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕyan⁵¹/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕʰyɛn²¹³/ 新
    /t͡ɕʰiɛn²¹³/ 舊
    Chengdu /t͡ɕʰyan³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕʰian²¹/
    Kunming /t͡ɕʰiɛ̃³¹/
    Nanjing /t͡sʰyen²⁴/
    Hefei /t͡ɕʰyĩ⁵⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕʰye¹¹/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕʰye̞¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕʰye³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ʑi²³/
    Suzhou /ziɪ¹³/
    Hangzhou /d͡ʑiẽ̞²¹³/
    Wenzhou /jy³¹/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕʰye⁴⁴/
    Tunxi /t͡sʰiɛ⁴⁴/
    /t͡ɕʰyɛ⁴⁴/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡siẽ¹³/
    Xiangtan /d͡zyẽ¹²/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕʰyɵn⁴⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡sʰien¹¹/
    Taoyuan /t͡sʰion¹¹/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sʰyn²¹/
    Nanning /t͡sʰyn²¹/
    Hong Kong /t͡sʰyn²¹/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡suan³⁵/
    /t͡sŋ̍³⁵/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡suoŋ⁵³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡syiŋ²¹/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰuaŋ⁵⁵/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /suaŋ³¹/
    Rime
    Character 全
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 從 (15)
    Final (韻) 仙 (78)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 疾緣切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/d͡ziuᴇn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/d͡zʷiɛn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/d͡zjuæn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/d͡zwian/
    Li
    Rong         		/d͡ziuɛn/
    Wang
    Li         		/d͡zĭwɛn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/d͡zʱi̯wɛn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		quán
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		cyun4
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 全
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		quán
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ dzjwen ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[dz]o[n]/
    English complete (adj.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 全
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 10718
    Phonetic
    component         		全
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		全
    Old
    Chinese         		/*zlon/

    Definitions[edit]

    全

    1. † pure jade
    2. whole; entire; all
    3. completely; wholly
    4. everything; complete
    5. perfect; flawless; faultless
    6. to preserve; to save; to keep whole or intact
    7. to maintain; to keep
    8. A surname​.

    Synonyms[edit]

    • (whole):
    edit
    Synonyms of 全
    • (all):
    Dialectal synonyms of 都 (“all; both”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 皆, 均, 俱
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 都, 全, 皆, 均, 俱
    Mandarin Beijing 都, 全
    Taiwan 都
    Jinan 都, 全
    Xi'an 都
    Wuhan 都, 下
    Chengdu 都, 下
    Guilin 都
    Yangzhou 都, 全
    Hefei 都
    Malaysia 都
    Singapore 都
    Cantonese Guangzhou 都
    Hong Kong 都
    Yangjiang 都
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 都
    Singapore (Guangfu) 都
    Gan Nanchang 都
    Hakka Meixian 都
    Wuhua (Meilin) 都
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 都
    Pingtung (Neipu, S. Sixian) 都
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong, Hailu) 都
    Taichung (Dongshi, Dabu) 都
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin, Raoping) 都
    Yunlin (Lunbei, Zhao'an) 攏
    Jin Taiyuan 都, 全
    Min Bei Jian'ou 都
    Min Dong Fuzhou 都
    Min Nan Xiamen 攏, 計, 計計
    Xiamen (Tong'an) 攏
    Quanzhou 攏, 計, 計計
    Zhangzhou 攏, 計, 計計
    Zhao'an 攏
    Dongshan 攏
    Tainan 攏
    Penang (Hokkien) 到了
    Singapore (Hokkien) 攏
    Chaozhou 攏
    Shantou 攏
    Jieyang 攏
    Singapore (Teochew) 攏
    Wenchang 都
    Qionghai 攏
    Singapore (Hainanese) 攏
    Wu Shanghai 儕, 禿
    Suzhou 才
    Wenzhou 沃
    Xiang Changsha 下, 都
    Shuangfeng 下

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 全

    Descendants[edit]

    Sino-Xenic (全):
    • → Japanese: 全(ぜん) (zen)
    • → Korean: 전 (全, jeon)
    • → Vietnamese: toàn (全)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    全

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    全
    ぜん
    Grade: 3
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 全 (dzjwen, “complete, whole”).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    全(ぜん) • (zen) 

    1. entire, complete, overall

    Prefix[edit]

    全(ぜん) • (zen-) 

    1. all, pan-, omni-

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    全 (eumhun 온전할 전 (onjeonhal jeon))

    1. Hanja form? of 전 (“intact”).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    全: Hán Nôm readings: toàn, tuyền

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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