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疾

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
疾 U+75BE, 疾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-75BE
← 疽
[U+75BD] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 疿 →
[U+75BF]

Translingual

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Han character

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疾 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大人大 (KOK), four-corner 00134, composition ⿸疒矢)

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 771, character 22
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22112
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1181, character 25
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2666, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+75BE

Chinese

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trad. 疾
simp. # 疾

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 疾
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (疾) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嫉 *zids, *zid
疾 *zid
蒺 *zid
愱 *zid
槉 *zid

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zid): phonetic 疒 (OC *rnɯːɡ, *zraŋ, “illness”) + phonetic ⿰大矢 (OC *zid, “fast”). The two characters, originally representing different words, have merged into one character representing both senses.

The oracle glyph of ⿰大矢 depicts an arrow flying towards a person - "fast". The "illness" sense preserves the original meaning of 疒. The 亠 component represents the person found in both pictograms.

Etymology

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Perhaps from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m-(t)sik (“to burn, itch; angry”), to which 堲 (OC *ʔsiɡ, *ʔsɯɡ, *zɯɡ, “coaled part of a burning torch”) has also been connected. Outside of Sinitic, compare Tibetan ཚིག (tshig, “to burn, glow, be inflamed”), as well as perhaps Burmese ချစ် (hkyac, “burnt”) (STEDT).

Pronunciation

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Note: zaat6 - variant.
Note:
  • Xiamen, Taiwan:
    • chi̍t - literary;
    • che̍k - vernacular.
Rime
Character 疾
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 從 (15)
Final (韻) 質 (48)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 秦悉切
Baxter dzit
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/d͡ziɪt̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/d͡zit̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/d͡zjet̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/d͡zit̚/
Li
Rong 		/d͡ziĕt̚/
Wang
Li 		/d͡zĭĕt̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/d͡zʱi̯ĕt̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jí
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zat6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 疾
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jí
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dzit ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[dz]i[t]/
English sickness

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 疾
Reading # 1/1
No. 5740
Phonetic
component 		疾
Rime
group 		質
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		疾
Old
Chinese 		/*zid/
Notes 象着矢致疾臥牀，
矢非聲

Definitions

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疾

  1. (literary or in compounds) swift; quick; hasty
  2. (literary or in compounds) strong; forceful
  3. (literary or in compounds) illness; disease; sickness
  4. (obsolete or dialectal Hakka) to ache; to be painful
  5. (obsolete) (alt. form 嫉) to hate; to loathe
  6. alternative form of 嫉 (jí, “to envy”)

Synonyms

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  • (illness):
  • (to ache):
Dialectal synonyms of 疼 (“painful”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 痛, 疼1, 疼痛
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 疼1
Taiwan 痛
Chifeng 疼1
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 疼1, 痛
Harbin 疼1
Shenyang 疼1, 痛
Malaysia 痛, 疼1
Singapore 痛
Jilu Mandarin Tianjin 疼1
Tangshan 疼1
Cangzhou 疼1
Baoding 疼1
Shijiazhuang 疼1, 痛
Jinan 疼1
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 痛
Qingdao 疼1
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 疼1
Wanrong 疼1
Zhengzhou 疼1
Xi'an 疼1
Xining 疼1
Xuzhou 疼1
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 疼1
Lanzhou 疼1
Ürümqi 疼1
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 痛, 疼1
Chongqing 痛
Wuhan 疼1
Guiyang 痛
Kunming 疼1, 痛
Guilin 痛
Liuzhou 痛
Dagudi (Maliba) 疼1
Reshuitang (Longling) 疼1
Mae Salong (Lancang) 疼1
Mae Sai (Tengchong) 疼1
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 疼1
Yangzhou 疼1, 痛
Nantong 疼1, 痛
Hefei 疼1
Cantonese Guangzhou 痛, 赤
Hong Kong 痛, 赤
Taishan 赤
Kaiping (Chikan) 赤
Yangjiang 痛
Nanning 痛
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 痛
Singapore (Guangfu) 痛
Bangkok (Guangfu) 痛
Gan Nanchang 痛
Hakka Meixian 痛
Xingning 痛
Huidong (Daling) 痛
Dongguan (Qingxi) 痛
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 痛
Wuhua (Huacheng) 痛
Wuhua (Changbu) 痛
Wuhua (Mianyang) 痛
Heyuan (Bendihua) 痛
Wengyuan 痛
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 痛
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 痛
Liannan 痛
Jiexi 疾
Luhe 痛
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 疾
Changting 疾
Wuping 疾
Wuping (Yanqian) 疾
Wuping (Pingyu) 疾
Liancheng 疾
Ninghua 疾
Yudu 痛
Ningdu 痛
Shicheng 痛
Shangyou (Shexi) 痛
Tonggu (Sandu) 痛
Ganzhou (Panlong) 痛
Dayu 痛
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 痛
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 痛
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) 痛
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) 痛
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) 痛
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 痛
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 疾
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 疾
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 疾
Hong Kong 痛
Yangxi (Tangkou) 痛
Yangchun (Sanjia) 痛
Xinyi (Sihe) 痛
Xinyi (Qianpai) 痛
Gaozhou (Xindong) 痛
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 痛
Huazhou (Xin'an) 痛
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 痛
Lianjiang (Qingping) 痛
Mengshan (Xihe) 痛
Luchuan 痛
Senai (Huiyang) 痛
Kuching (Hepo) 痛
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 痛
Singkawang 痛
Singapore (Meixian) 痛
Singapore (Dabu) 疾
Bangkok (Meixian) 痛
Bangkok (Fengshun) 疾
Bangkok (Jiexi) 疾
Huizhou Jixi 痛
Shexian 痛
Jin Taiyuan 疼1
Xinzhou 疼1
Linhe 疼1
Jining 疼1
Hohhot 疼1
Zhangjiakou 疼1
Handan 疼1
Northern Min Jian'ou 字
Eastern Min Fuzhou 疼2
Southern Min Xiamen 疼2
Quanzhou 疼2
Zhangzhou 疼2
Kaohsiung 疼2
Tainan 疼2
Penang (Hokkien) 疼2
Singapore (Hokkien) 疼2
Manila (Hokkien) 疼2
Chaozhou 疼2
Shantou (Chaoyang) 疼2
Haifeng 疼2
Bangkok (Teochew) 疼2
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 疼2
Singapore (Teochew) 疼2
Leizhou 疼2
Wenchang 疼2
Haikou 疼2
Singapore (Hainanese) 疼2
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 痛
Wu Shanghai 痛
Suzhou 痛
Danyang 痛
Hangzhou 痛
Ningbo 痛
Wenzhou 痛
Xiang Changsha 痛
Shuangfeng 痛

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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疾

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. disease, sickness
  2. fast, quick, rapid

Readings

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References

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Korean

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Hanja

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疾 (eumhun 병 질 (byeong jil))

  1. illness, disease, sickness
  2. to hate

Vietnamese

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Han character

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疾: Hán Nôm readings: tật

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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