矢

See also: 失, 先, and 笶

矢 U+77E2, 矢 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77E2 ← 矡 [U+77E1] CJK Unified Ideographs 矣 → [U+77E3]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

矢 (radical 111, 矢+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人大 (OK), four-corner 8043₀, composition ⿱𠂉大 or ⿰丿天)

1. Kangxi radical #111, ⽮.

Derived characters

• Index:Chinese radical/矢

See also

• 弓 疑

References

• KangXi: page 823, character 34
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23929
• Dae Jaweon: page 1235, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2580, character 1
• Unihan data for U+77E2

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		矢

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 矢
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (矢) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
彘	*l'eds
璏	*l'eds, *ɢʷleds, *ɢʷled
薙	*l̥ʰiːs, *ljiʔ, *l'iʔ
知	*ʔl'e
蜘	*te
智	*ʔl'es
鼅	*te
潪	*teɡs, *deɡ
踟	*de
雉	*l'iʔ
矢	*hliʔ
痴	*l̥ʰɯ

Pictogram (象形) - pictographic representation of an arrow. More recognizable in older forms.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shǐ (shi³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ci²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ́
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): sír / sí

  (Teochew, Peng'im): si²

• Wu (Wiktionary): sr (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: shǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄕˇ
    • Wade–Giles: shih³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyy
    • IPA ^(key): /ʂʐ̩²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ci²
    • Yale: chí
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: qi²
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ́
    • Hakka Romanization System: sii`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: si³
    • IPA: /sɨ³¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sír
    • Tâi-lô: sír
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: mainstream Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sí
    • Tâi-lô: sí
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sie
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɕi⁴¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /ɕi⁵³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: si²
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sí
    • IPA ^(key): /si⁵²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: sr (T2)
    • IPA ^(key): /sz̩³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɕˠiɪ^X/▼

Rime
Character	矢
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	脂 (17)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	Chongniu III
Fanqie	式視切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕˠiɪX/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕᵚiX/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕiɪX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕjiX/
Li Rong	/ɕjiX/
Wang Li	/ɕiX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕiX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shǐ

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥i[j]ʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hliʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	矢
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shǐ
Middle Chinese	‹ syijX ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥i[j]ʔ/
English	arrow
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	矢
Reading #	1/1
No.	11504
Phonetic component	矢
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	矢
Old Chinese	/*hliʔ/

Definitions

矢

1. (weapon) arrow
2. to vow; to swear
3. Alternative form of 屎 (shǐ).

Synonyms

• (arrow): 箭 (jiàn)

Compounds

• 一矢之地
• 兵盡矢窮／兵尽矢穷
• 嚆矢
• 弓折矢盡／弓折矢尽
• 弓矢 (gōngshǐ)
• 張弓挾矢／张弓挟矢
• 拉矢
• 攢矢／攒矢
• 有的放矢
• 栝矢亞／栝矢亚
• 桃弧棘矢
• 桑弧蓬矢
• 楛矢
• 永矢弗諼

• 流矢
• 無的放矢／无的放矢
• 狗矢
• 發矢／发矢
• 眾矢之的／众矢之的
• 矢下如雨
• 矢不虛發／矢不虚发
• 矢人
• 矢勤矢勇
• 矢口 (shǐkǒu)
• 矢口否認／矢口否认
• 矢在弦上
• 矢志 (shǐzhì)
• 矢棋

• 矢無虛發／矢无虚发
• 矢盡兵窮／矢尽兵穷
• 矢石 (shǐshí)
• 矢石之間／矢石之间
• 矢石之難／矢石之难
• 矢石如雨 (shǐshí rúyǔ)
• 矢言
• 矢車菊／矢车菊 (shǐchējú)
• 矢量 (shǐliàng)
• 身當矢石／身当矢石
• 躬蹈矢石
• 鍛矢／锻矢
• 集矢
• 飛矢／飞矢

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Japanese

Kanji

矢

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. arrow

Readings

• Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: や (ya, 矢, Jōyō); さ (sa, 矢)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
矢
や Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE.

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) や​ [yáꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [ja̠]

Alternative forms

• 箭

Noun

矢 (hiragana や, rōmaji ya)

1. an arrow

   光 (こう)陰 (いん)矢 (や)の如 (ごと)し。

   Kōin ya no gotoshi.

   Shine and shadow, just like an arrow. → Time flies like an arrow.

Derived terms

• 弓矢 (ゆみや) (yumiya): bow and arrow

Coordinate terms

• 弓 (ゆみ) (yumi): a bow
• 弓矢 (ゆみや) (yumiya): bow and arrow

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
矢
さ Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 CE. Possibly cognate with Old Japanese-derived 幸 (sachi, “a hunting implement”) and Korean 살 (sal, “arrow”).

This reading does not appear to be used in modern Japanese.

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • IPA^(key): [sa̠]

Alternative forms

• 箭

Noun

矢 (hiragana さ, rōmaji sa)

1. (obsolete) an arrow

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Korean

Hanja

矢 • (si)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 시 (McCune–Reischauer: si, Yale: si)
  • Name (hangeul): 화살

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

矢 (thỉ, tẻ, thẻ, yêu, tử, tủ, tú, siệu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation
• Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
• Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
• Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999