矢
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Translingual[edit]
Stroke order | |||
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Han character[edit]
矢 (radical 111, 矢+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 人大 (OK), four-corner 80430, composition ⿱𠂉大 or ⿰丿天)
- Kangxi radical #111, ⽮.
Derived characters[edit]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 823, character 34
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23929
- Dae Jaweon: page 1235, character 22
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2580, character 1
- Unihan data for U+77E2
Chinese[edit]
simp. and trad. |
矢 |
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Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 矢 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Pictogram (象形) - pictographic representation of an arrow. More recognizable in older forms.
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d/s-ləj (“bow (weapon); slingshot”); cognate with Burmese လေး (le:, “bow; crossbow”), Mizo li (“spring (as of gun, watch, etc.)”) (STEDT).
矢 has shifted its meaning from the weapon to the projectile by means of metonymy.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
矢
- (Classical Chinese, archery, weaponry) arrow
- 周道如砥,其直如矢。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, circa 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Zhōu dào rú dǐ, qí zhí rú shǐ. [Pinyin]
- The way to Zhou was like a whetstone,
And straight as an arrow.
- to vow; to swear
Synonyms[edit]
- (arrow): 箭 (jiàn)
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
矢
- Alternative form of 屎 (shǐ, “excrement; poop”).
- 夫愛馬者,以筐盛矢,以蜄盛溺。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Zhuangzi, circa 3rd – 2nd centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Fú ài mǎ zhě, yǐ kuāng chéng shǐ, yǐ shèn chéng nì. [Pinyin]
- Those again who are fond of horses preserve their dung in baskets, and their urine in jars (made from large clamshell).
夫爱马者,以筐盛矢,以蜄盛溺。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]- 廉將軍雖老,尚善飯;然與臣坐,頃之三遺矢矣。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, circa 91 BCE
- Lián jiāngjūn suī lǎo, shàng shàn fàn; rán yǔ chén zuò, qǐngzhī sān yíshǐ yǐ. [Pinyin]
- General Lian, despite advanced age, has very good appetite. However, when conferring with me he had to excuse himself for toilet three times in a short while.
廉将军虽老,尚善饭;然与臣坐,顷之三遗矢矣。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Compounds[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
- Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
- Kun: や (ya, 矢, Jōyō); さ (sa, 矢)
- Nanori: ただ (tada); ただし (tadashi); ちこう (chikō)←ちかう (tikau, historical); なお (nao)←なほ (nafo, historical)
Compounds[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
Used in the Nihon Shoki (720 C.E.) as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨si⟩.
Alternative forms[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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矢 |
や Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Japanese. Found in the Kojiki of 712 C.E., and in the Man'yōshū completed some time after 759 C.E..[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (archery, weaponry) an arrow
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 3, poem 364), text here
- 大夫之弓上振起射都流矢乎後将見人者語継金 [Man'yōgana]
- ますらをの弓末振り起し射つる矢を後見む人は語り継ぐがね [Modern spelling]
- masurao no yuzue furiokoshi itsuru ya o nochi mimu hito wa kataritsugu gane
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- 光陰矢の如し。
- Kōin ya no gotoshi.
- Shine and shadow, just like an arrow. → Time flies like an arrow.
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 3, poem 364), text here
- a wedge used to break hard objects such as wood or stone
- a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various designs of arrows
Derived terms[edit]
Coordinate terms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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矢 |
さ Grade: 2 |
kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, completed some time after 759 C.E..[3]
Possibly cognate with Old Japanese-derived 幸 (sachi, “a hunting implement”) and Korean 살 (sal, “arrow”).
This reading does not appear to be used in modern Japanese.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (obsolete) an arrow
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4430), text here
- 阿良之乎乃伊乎佐太波佐美牟可比多知可奈流麻之都美伊埿弖登阿我久流 [Man'yōgana]
- 荒し男のいをさ手挟み向ひ立ちかなるましづみ出でてと我が来る [Modern spelling]
- arasi-wo no iwo-sa tapasami mukapi-tati kanaruma sidumi idete to a ga kuru
- (please add an English translation of this example)
- c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 20, poem 4430), text here
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
Khitan[edit]
Small Script Character[edit]
矢 (khi)
Related terms[edit]
- 矢关 (“khitai”)
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
矢: Hán Nôm readings: thỉ, tẻ, thẻ, yêu, tử, tủ, tú, siệu
Hán tự in this term |
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矢 |
Noun[edit]
矢
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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References[edit]
- Nom Foundation
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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- Japanese kanji with nanori reading ただし
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- Japanese kanji with historical nanori reading ちかう
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading なお
- Japanese kanji with historical nanori reading なほ
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