飯
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Translingual[edit]
Stroke order | |||
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Han character[edit]
飯 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+4, 13 strokes in Chinese, 12 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人戈竹水 (OIHE), four-corner 81747, composition ⿰飠反(GHTJV) or ⿰𩙿反(K))
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1417, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44064
- Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4444, character 5
- Unihan data for U+98EF
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 飯 | |
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simp. | 饭 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 飯 | ||
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Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bonʔ, *bons): semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).
Etymology 1[edit]
Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *puuŋ (“cooked rice”), whence Mon ပုၚ် (pɜŋ, “cooked rice”) (Ferlus, 1988).
Pronunciation 1 is the exopassive derivation of pronunciation 2, meaning "what is eaten" (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Definitions[edit]
飯
- any cooked grain (rice, millet, etc.)
- (particularly) cooked rice (Classifier: 碗 m c h mn)
- meal (Classifier: 頓/顿 m mn; 餐 m c)
- (dialectal) noodles
Synonyms[edit]
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Definitions[edit]
飯
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Borrowed from English fan. Doublet of 粉絲/粉丝 (fěnsī).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
飯
Synonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- “飯”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #9249”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese[edit]
Shinjitai | 飯 | |
Kyūjitai [1] |
飯 飯 or 飯+ ︀ ?
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飯󠄀 飯+ 󠄀 ?(Adobe-Japan1) | ||
飯󠄄 飯+ 󠄄 ?(Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho) | ||
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details. |
Kanji[edit]
(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 飯)
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: ぼん (bon, 飯)
- Kan-on: はん (han, 飯)
- Kun: いい (ii, 飯)←いひ (ifi, 飯, historical); くらう (kurau, 飯らう)←くらふ (kurafu, 飯らふ, historical); くらわす (kurawasu, 飯らわす)←くらはす (kurafasu, 飯らはす, historical); まま (mama, 飯); まんま (manma, 飯); めし (meshi, 飯, Jōyō)
- Nanori: いい (ii, 飯)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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飯 |
はん Grade: 4 |
kan’on |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}
.
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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飯 |
いい Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
⟨ipi1⟩ → */ipʲi/ → /ifi/ → /iwi/ → /iː/
From Old Japanese, also used as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨pi1⟩.
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- a surname
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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飯 |
めし Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 召す (mesu, “to call”).[2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
This is an informal way to refer to food, and 食う (kuu) is a correspondingly informal way to say "eat".
Derived terms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- a surname
Etymology 4[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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飯 |
まま Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
Clipping of 旨旨 (umauma, “food”, baby talk).[5]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (Tsugaru) cooked rice
- (childish) Alternative form of 飯 (manma)
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 5[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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飯 |
まんま Grade: 4 |
kun’yomi |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ “飯”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015—2023
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- ^ 1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
- ^ 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
飯: Hán Nôm readings: phạn[1][2], phằn
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