Translingual[edit]
Stroke order
|
|
Han character[edit]
飯 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+4, 13 strokes in Chinese, 12 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人戈竹水 (OIHE), four-corner 81747, composition ⿰飠反(GHTJV) or ⿰𩙿反(K))
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1417, character 27
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44064
- Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 21
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4444, character 5
- Unihan data for U+98EF
Chinese[edit]
Glyph origin[edit]
|
Old Chinese
|
扳
|
*praːn, *pʰraːn
|
板
|
*praːnʔ
|
版
|
*praːnʔ
|
瓪
|
*praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
|
昄
|
*praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
|
鈑
|
*praːnʔ
|
蝂
|
*praːnʔ
|
眅
|
*pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
|
阪
|
*braːnʔ, *panʔ
|
魬
|
*braːnʔ
|
粄
|
*paːnʔ
|
反
|
*panʔ, *pʰan
|
返
|
*panʔ
|
坂
|
*panʔ
|
畈
|
*pans
|
販
|
*pans
|
汳
|
*pʰans
|
飯
|
*bonʔ, *bons
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bonʔ, *bons): semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).
Etymology 1[edit]
Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *puuŋ (“cooked rice”), whence Mon ပုၚ် (pɜŋ, “cooked rice”) (Ferlus, 1988).
Pronunciation 1 is the exopassive derivation of pronunciation 2, meaning "what is eaten" (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation 1[edit]
Note: "noodles", "rice" in components, e.g. мифан (
米飯).
Note:
- buông - colloquial;
- huáng - literary.
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung, Singapore, Philippines)
- (Hokkien: Lukang)
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Yilan, Penang, Medan)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
Note:
- pn̄g/pňg/pūiⁿ - colloquial;
- hoān - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: bung7 / beng7 / huêng6 / huang6 / huam6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pūng / pṳ̄ng / huĕng / huăng / huăm
- Sinological IPA (key): /puŋ¹¹/, /pɯŋ¹¹/, /hueŋ³⁵/, /huaŋ³⁵/, /huam³⁵/
Note:
- bung7 - vernacular (Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai);
- beng7 - vernacular (Jieyang, Chaoyang, Raoping);
- huêng6 - literary (Chaozhou);
- huang6 - literary (Shantou, Chenghai, Raoping);
- huam6 - literary (Jieyang, Chaoyang).
Wu
Xiang
Note:
- fan5 - vernacular;
- fan4 - literary.
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
Character
|
飯
|
Reading #
|
2/2
|
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
|
fàn
|
Middle Chinese
|
‹ bjonH ›
|
Old Chinese
|
/*bo[n]ʔ-s/
|
English
|
cooked rice or millet
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
Character
|
飯
|
Reading #
|
2/2
|
No.
|
2977
|
Phonetic component
|
反
|
Rime group
|
元
|
Rime subdivision
|
3
|
Corresponding MC rime
|
飯
|
Old Chinese
|
/*bons/
|
Definitions[edit]
飯
- any cooked grain (rice, millet, etc.)
- 小米飯 / 小米饭 ― xiǎomǐ fàn ― cooked millet
- (particularly) cooked rice (Classifier: 碗 m c h mn)
- 糯米飯 / 糯米饭 [Cantonese] ― no6 mai5 faan6 [Jyutping] ― (cooked) sticky rice
你要吃飯還是吃麵? [MSC, trad.]
你要吃饭还是吃面? [MSC, simp.]- Nǐ yào chī fàn háishì chī miàn? [Pinyin]
- Do you want to eat rice or noodles?
- meal (Classifier: 頓/顿 m mn; 餐 m c)
- 早飯 / 早饭 ― zǎofàn ― breakfast
- (dialectal) noodles
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of
米飯 (“cooked rice”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
Classical Chinese
|
飯
|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
米飯, 飯
|
Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
米飯, 飯
|
Taiwan
|
飯, 米飯
|
Ulanhot
|
米飯
|
Tongliao
|
米飯
|
Chifeng
|
米飯, 乾飯
|
Bayanhot
|
乾飯
|
Hulunbuir (Hailar)
|
米飯
|
Harbin
|
米飯, 乾飯, 飯
|
Muping
|
乾飯, 米飯, 大米乾飯
|
Qingdao
|
乾飯
|
Jinan
|
乾飯, 大米乾飯, 米飯
|
Luoyang
|
大米飯, 大米乾飯, 米飯
|
Wanrong
|
大米飯, 米飯
|
Zhengzhou
|
米飯
|
Xi'an
|
米飯
|
Yinchuan
|
乾飯, 稻米乾飯
|
Lanzhou
|
大米飯, 米飯
|
Xining
|
大米飯
|
Ürümqi
|
乾飯, 米飯
|
Wuhan
|
乾飯, 飯
|
Huanggang
|
飯
|
Chengdu
|
乾飯, 飯, 𩛲𩛲 childish
|
Guiyang
|
飯
|
Guilin
|
米飯
|
Liuzhou
|
飯, 米飯
|
Xuzhou
|
米飯, 大米乾飯, 乾飯
|
Yangzhou
|
飯
|
Nanjing
|
飯, 米飯, 乾飯
|
Hefei
|
乾飯, 飯
|
Nantong
|
米飯
|
Malaysia
|
飯
|
Singapore
|
飯
|
Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
飯
|
Hong Kong
|
飯
|
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
|
飯
|
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
|
飯
|
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
|
飯
|
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
|
飯
|
Macau
|
飯, 阿囡薯
|
Guangzhou (Panyu)
|
飯
|
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)
|
飯
|
Guangzhou (Conghua)
|
飯
|
Guangzhou (Zengcheng)
|
飯
|
Foshan
|
飯
|
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)
|
飯
|
Foshan (Shunde)
|
飯
|
Foshan (Sanshui)
|
飯
|
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)
|
飯
|
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
|
飯
|
Zhuhai (Qianshan)
|
飯
|
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka)
|
飯
|
Zhuhai (Doumen)
|
飯
|
Jiangmen (Baisha)
|
飯
|
Jiangmen (Xinhui)
|
飯
|
Taishan
|
飯
|
Kaiping (Chikan)
|
飯
|
Enping (Niujiang)
|
飯
|
Heshan (Yayao)
|
飯
|
Dongguan
|
飯
|
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)
|
飯
|
Shaoguan
|
飯
|
Yunfu
|
飯
|
Yangjiang
|
飯
|
Xinyi
|
飯
|
Lianjiang
|
飯
|
Nanning
|
飯
|
Wuzhou
|
飯
|
Yulin
|
飯
|
Hepu (Lianzhou)
|
飯
|
Beihai
|
飯
|
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
|
飯
|
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
|
飯
|
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
|
飯
|
Danzhou
|
飯
|
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
飯
|
Penang (Guangfu)
|
飯
|
Singapore (Guangfu)
|
飯
|
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
飯
|
Móng Cái
|
飯
|
Gan
|
Nanchang
|
飯
|
Lichuan
|
飯
|
Pingxiang
|
飯
|
Hakka
|
Meixian
|
飯
|
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)
|
飯
|
Dongguan (Qingxi)
|
飯
|
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)
|
飯
|
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)
|
飯
|
Conghua (Lütian)
|
飯
|
Yudu
|
飯
|
Shicheng
|
飯
|
Shangyou
|
飯
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
飯
|
Pingtung (Neipu, S. Sixian)
|
飯
|
Hsinchu County (Zhudong, Hailu)
|
飯
|
Taichung (Dongshi, Dabu)
|
飯
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin, Raoping)
|
飯
|
Yunlin (Lunbei, Zhao'an)
|
飯
|
Hong Kong
|
飯
|
Luchuan (Daqiao)
|
大米飯
|
Senai (Huiyang)
|
飯
|
Kuching (Hepo)
|
飯
|
Singkawang
|
飯
|
Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
飯
|
Shexian
|
飯
|
Tunxi
|
飯
|
Xiuning
|
飯
|
Yixian
|
飯
|
Qimen
|
飯
|
Wuyuan
|
飯
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
大米飯, 米飯
|
Pingyao
|
大米飯, 米飯
|
Xinzhou
|
米飯
|
Taibus (Baochang)
|
米飯
|
Linhe
|
米飯
|
Jining
|
白米飯
|
Hohhot
|
米飯
|
Baotou
|
白米飯
|
Dongsheng
|
米飯
|
Haibowan
|
燜飯
|
Min Bei
|
Jian'ou
|
飯
|
Jian'ou (Dikou)
|
飯
|
Zhenghe (Zhenqian)
|
白飯
|
Pucheng (Shibei)
|
早米飯
|
Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
飯
|
Fuqing
|
飯
|
Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
飯
|
Xiamen (Tong'an)
|
飯
|
Quanzhou
|
飯
|
Zhangzhou
|
飯
|
Taipei
|
飯
|
New Taipei (Sanxia)
|
飯
|
Kaohsiung
|
飯
|
Yilan
|
飯
|
Changhua (Lukang)
|
飯, 糜
|
Taichung
|
飯
|
Tainan
|
飯
|
Hsinchu
|
飯
|
Kinmen
|
飯
|
Penghu (Magong)
|
飯
|
Penang (Hokkien)
|
飯
|
Singapore (Hokkien)
|
飯
|
Manila (Hokkien)
|
飯
|
Zhangping (Yongfu)
|
飯
|
Datian
|
飯
|
Pingnan (Shangdu)
|
飯
|
Chaozhou
|
飯
|
Shantou
|
飯
|
Bangkok (Teochew)
|
飯
|
Johor Bahru (Teochew)
|
飯
|
Singapore (Teochew)
|
飯
|
Leizhou
|
飯
|
Wenchang
|
飯, 糜
|
Haikou
|
飯, 糜
|
Qionghai
|
飯, 糜
|
Singapore (Hainanese)
|
飯
|
Puxian Min
|
Putian
|
暝
|
Putian (Donghai)
|
暝
|
Putian (Jiangkou)
|
飯
|
Putian (Nanri)
|
米暝
|
Xianyou
|
暝
|
Xianyou (Fengting)
|
暝
|
Xianyou (Youyang)
|
暝
|
Zhongshan Min
|
Sanxiang
|
飯
|
Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
飯, 米飯, 大米飯
|
Northern Pinghua
|
Guilin (Dahe)
|
米飯
|
Shehua
|
Fuding
|
焦飯
|
Luoyuan
|
飯
|
Sanming
|
飯
|
Shunchang
|
飯
|
Guixi (Zhangping)
|
飯
|
Cangnan
|
飯
|
Jingning
|
飯
|
Lishui
|
飯
|
Longyou
|
飯
|
Chaozhou
|
焦飯
|
Fengshun
|
飯
|
Wu
|
Shanghai
|
飯
|
Shanghai (Chongming)
|
米飯, 飯
|
Suzhou
|
飯
|
Wuxi
|
飯
|
Danyang
|
飯
|
Hangzhou
|
飯
|
Ningbo
|
飯
|
Wenzhou
|
飯, 白米飯, 米飯
|
Jinhua
|
飯
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
|
飯
|
Loudi
|
飯
|
Shuangfeng
|
飯
|
Quanzhou
|
飯
|
Dialectal synonyms of
麵條 (“noodle”)
[map]
Variety
|
Location
|
Words
|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
|
麵條, 麵
|
Mandarin
|
Beijing
|
麵條兒, 麵
|
Taiwan
|
麵條, 麵
|
Harbin
|
麵條兒
|
Muping
|
麵
|
Jinan
|
麵條兒, 麵
|
Luoyang
|
麵條兒, 麵
|
Wanrong
|
飯
|
Xi'an
|
麵
|
Yinchuan
|
麵條子, 麵
|
Lanzhou
|
麵條子
|
Xining
|
麵條兒
|
Ürümqi
|
麵條子, 麵
|
Wuhan
|
麵, 麵條
|
Chengdu
|
麵
|
Guiyang
|
麵
|
Liuzhou
|
麵條, 麵
|
Xuzhou
|
麵條兒, 麵條子
|
Yangzhou
|
麵
|
Nanjing
|
麵, 麵條
|
Hefei
|
麵條, 麵
|
Malaysia
|
麵
|
Singapore
|
麵
|
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
|
麵, 飯
|
Cantonese
|
Guangzhou
|
麵
|
Hong Kong
|
麵
|
Dongguan
|
麵
|
Yangjiang
|
麵
|
Beihai
|
麵條
|
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)
|
麵條
|
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)
|
麵條
|
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)
|
麵條
|
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)
|
麵
|
Penang (Guangfu)
|
麵
|
Singapore (Guangfu)
|
麵
|
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)
|
麵
|
Móng Cái
|
麵條
|
Yangon (Taishan)
|
麵
|
Mandalay (Taishan)
|
麵
|
Gan
|
Nanchang
|
麵
|
Lichuan
|
麵
|
Pingxiang
|
麵
|
Hakka
|
Meixian
|
麵, 麵條
|
Yudu
|
麵
|
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
|
麵
|
Pingtung (Neipu, S. Sixian)
|
麵
|
Hsinchu County (Zhudong, Hailu)
|
麵
|
Taichung (Dongshi, Dabu)
|
大麵, 麵
|
Hsinchu County (Qionglin, Raoping)
|
麵
|
Yunlin (Lunbei, Zhao'an)
|
大麵
|
Huizhou
|
Jixi
|
麵
|
Jin
|
Taiyuan
|
麵條子, 麵條, 麵
|
Xinzhou
|
麵條子, 條條子麵, 條子麵, 麵
|
Min Bei
|
Jian'ou
|
麵
|
Min Dong
|
Fuzhou
|
麵
|
Min Nan
|
Xiamen
|
麵
|
Quanzhou
|
麵
|
Jinjiang
|
麵
|
Shishi
|
麵
|
Zhangzhou
|
麵
|
Yilan
|
麵
|
Penang (Hokkien)
|
麵
|
Singapore (Hokkien)
|
麵
|
Manila (Hokkien)
|
麵
|
Chaozhou
|
麵
|
Shantou
|
麵
|
Singapore (Teochew)
|
麵
|
Haikou
|
麵, 麵條
|
Zhongshan Min
|
Sanxiang
|
麵
|
Southern Pinghua
|
Nanning (Tingzi)
|
麵
|
Wu
|
Shanghai
|
麵, 麵條
|
Shanghai (Chongming)
|
麵
|
Suzhou
|
麵
|
Danyang
|
麵
|
Hangzhou
|
麵
|
Ningbo
|
麵
|
Wenzhou
|
麵
|
Jinhua
|
麵
|
Xiang
|
Changsha
|
麵
|
Shuangfeng
|
麵
|
Pronunciation 2[edit]
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
Character
|
飯
|
Reading #
|
1/2
|
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)
|
fàn
|
Middle Chinese
|
‹ bjonX ›
|
Old Chinese
|
/*bo[n]ʔ/
|
English
|
eat
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
Character
|
飯
|
Reading #
|
1/2
|
No.
|
2976
|
Phonetic component
|
反
|
Rime group
|
元
|
Rime subdivision
|
3
|
Corresponding MC rime
|
飯
|
Old Chinese
|
/*bonʔ/
|
Definitions[edit]
飯
- (obsolete) to eat
- (obsolete) to give food to; to let someone eat; to feed
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Borrowed from English fan. Doublet of 粉絲/粉丝 (fěnsī).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
飯
- (neologism, slang) fans
Synonyms[edit]
- fan屎 (neologism, slang, humorous, derogatory)
- 愛好者/爱好者 (àihàozhě)
|
|
|
|
- 迷 (mí) (used as a suffix)
|
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
Japanese[edit]
飯
(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 飯)
- cooked grains (rice, etc.)
- meal
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 召す (mesu, “to call”).[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
飯 • (meshi)
- cooked grains, especially cooked rice
- (informal) a meal
- 飯を食う
- meshi o kuu
- eat a meal
Usage notes[edit]
This is an informal way to refer to food, and 食う (kuu) is a correspondingly informal way to say "eat".
Derived terms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
飯 • (Meshi)
- a surname
Etymology 2[edit]
⟨ipi1⟩ → */ipʲi/ → /ifi/ → /iwi/ → /iː/
From Old Japanese, also used as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨pi1⟩.
飯 • (ii) ←いひ (ifi)?
- (archaic) cooked grains, especially cooked rice
Derived terms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
飯 • (Ii) ←いひ (ifi)?
- a surname
Etymology 3[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 飯 – see the following entry.
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(This term, 飯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
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Etymology 4[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of 飯 – see the following entry.
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(This term, 飯, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)
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References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
- ^ 1960, Tetsuo Hirayama (平山輝男, editor), 全国アクセント辞典 (Zenkoku Akusento Jiten, “Nationwide Accent Dictionary”), (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Tōkyōdō, →ISBN
飯 (eumhun 밥 반 (bap ban))
- Hanja form? of 반 (“meal, rice”).
Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
飯: Hán Nôm readings: phạn[1][2], phằn
- rice
References[edit]