飯

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 饭
飯 U+98EF, 飯
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98EF
← 飮
[U+98EE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 飰 →
[U+98F0]
飯 U+FA2A, 飯
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA2A
← 﨩
[U+FA29] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 飼 →
[U+FA2B]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

飯 (radical 184, 食+4, 13 strokes in Chinese, 12 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 人戈竹水 (OIHE), four-corner 81747, composition ⿰飠反(GHTJV) or ⿰𩙿反(K))

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1417, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44064
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4444, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+98EF

Chinese[edit]

trad. 飯
simp. 饭

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
扳 *praːn, *pʰraːn
板 *praːnʔ
版 *praːnʔ
瓪 *praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
昄 *praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑 *praːnʔ
蝂 *praːnʔ
眅 *pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
阪 *braːnʔ, *panʔ
魬 *braːnʔ
粄 *paːnʔ
反 *panʔ, *pʰan
返 *panʔ
坂 *panʔ
畈 *pans
販 *pans
汳 *pʰans
飯 *bonʔ, *bons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bonʔ, *bons): semantic 食 (“food”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Etymology[edit]

Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *puuŋ (“cooked rice”), whence Mon ပုၚ် (pɜŋ, “cooked rice”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • buông - colloquial;
  • huáng - literary.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • pn̄g/pňg/pūiⁿ - colloquial;
    • hoān - literary.
    Note:
    • huang6 - literary;
    • bung7 - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 飯
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 並 (3)
    Final (韻) 元 (66)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 符万切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/bʉɐnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/bʷiɐnH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/biuɐnH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/buanH/
    Li
    Rong         		/biuɐnH/
    Wang
    Li         		/bĭwɐnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/bʱi̯wɐnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		fàn
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 飯
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		fàn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ bjonH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*bo[n]ʔ-s/
    English cooked rice or millet

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 飯
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 2977
    Phonetic
    component         		反
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		飯
    Old
    Chinese         		/*bons/

    Definitions[edit]

    飯

    1. cooked rice
    2. food
    3. meal (Classifier: 頓／顿 m; 餐 c)

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 飯
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 並 (3)
    Final (韻) 元 (66)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 扶晚切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/bʉɐnX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/bʷiɐnX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/biuɐnX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/buanX/
    Li
    Rong         		/biuɐnX/
    Wang
    Li         		/bĭwɐnX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/bʱi̯wɐnX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		fàn
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 飯
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		fàn
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ bjonX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*bo[n]ʔ/
    English eat

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 飯
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 2976
    Phonetic
    component         		反
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		3
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		飯
    Old
    Chinese         		/*bonʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    飯

    1. † to eat
    2. † to give food to; to let someone eat; to feed

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 飯

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    飯

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. cooked grains (rice, etc.)
    2. meal

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    飯
    めし
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    The 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 召す (mesu, “to call”).[1]

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    飯 (hiragana めし, rōmaji meshi)

    1. cooked grains, especially cooked rice
    2. (informal) a meal
      飯 (めし)を食 (く)う
      meshi o kuu
      eat a meal
    Usage notes[edit]

    This is an informal way to refer to food, and 食う (kuu) is a correspondingly informal way to say "eat".

    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms

    Proper noun[edit]

    飯 (hiragana めし, rōmaji Meshi)

    1. a surname

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    飯
    いい
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    ⟨ipi1⟩ → */ipʲi/ → /ifi/ → /iwi/ → /iː/

    From Old Japanese, also used as 借音 (shakuon) kana for ⟨pi1⟩.

    Noun[edit]

    飯 (hiragana いい, rōmaji ii, historical hiragana いひ)

    1. (archaic) cooked grains, especially cooked rice
    Derived terms[edit]
    Derived terms

    Proper noun[edit]

    飯 (hiragana いい, rōmaji Ii, historical hiragana いひ)

    1. a surname

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    飯
    まま
    Grade: 4
    Irregular
    EB1911 - Volume 01 - Page 001 - 1.svg This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

    Noun[edit]

    飯 (hiragana まま, rōmaji mama)

    1. Same as めし (meshi) above
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 4[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    飯
    まんま
    Grade: 4
    Irregular
    EB1911 - Volume 01 - Page 001 - 1.svg This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

    Noun[edit]

    飯 (hiragana まんま, rōmaji manma)

    1. (usually childish) Same as めし (meshi) above
    Derived terms[edit]

    References[edit]

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ^ 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
    3. ^ Hirayama, Tetsuo (1960) 全国アクセント辞典 (Nationwide Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: 東京堂,.

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    飯 • (ban) (hangeul 반, McCune–Reischauer pan, Yale pan)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Compounds[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    飯 (phạn)

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=飯&oldid=50663151"