販

See also: 贩

販 U+8CA9, 販 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8CA9 ← 貨 [U+8CA8] CJK Unified Ideographs 貪 → [U+8CAA]

Translingual

Han character

販 (Kangxi radical 154, 貝+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 月金竹水 (BCHE), four-corner 6184₇, composition ⿰貝反)

Derived characters

• 𢴔

References

• KangXi: page 1205, character 15
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 36679
• Dae Jaweon: page 1667, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3627, character 5
• Unihan data for U+8CA9

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Chinese

trad.		販
simp.		贩

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 販
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
扳	*praːn, *pʰraːn
板	*praːnʔ
版	*praːnʔ
瓪	*praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
昄	*praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑	*praːnʔ
蝂	*praːnʔ
眅	*pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
阪	*braːnʔ, *panʔ
魬	*braːnʔ
粄	*paːnʔ
反	*panʔ, *pʰan
返	*panʔ
坂	*panʔ
畈	*pans
販	*pans
汳	*pʰans
飯	*bonʔ, *bons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *pans): semantic 貝 (“cowry”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Etymology

The exoactive of 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan, “to return, lit. "to make someone return"”) (Schuessler, 2007).

STEDT compares it to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *par (“to trade; to buy; to sell”), from which Tibetan ཕར (phar, “interest (on money); exchange”) is derived.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fàn (fan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faan³, faan⁵
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): fan
• Min Dong (BUC): huáng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): hoàn / phòaⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): huang³ / huêng³

• Wu (Wiktionary): fe (T2)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fàn
    • Wade–Giles: fan⁴
    • Yale: fàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fann
    • Palladius: фань (fanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: faan³, faan⁵
    • Yale: faan, fáahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan³, faan⁵
    • Guangdong Romanization: fan³, fan⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fäːn³³/, /fäːn¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fan
    • Hakka Romanization System: fan
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fan⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fan⁵⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: huáng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huɑŋ²¹³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hoàn / phòaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: huàn / phuànn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hoaxn, phvoax
    • IPA (Xiamen): /huan²¹/, /pʰuã²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /huan⁴¹/, /pʰuã⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /huan²¹/, /pʰuã²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /huan¹¹/, /pʰuã¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /huan²¹/, /pʰuã²¹/

Note:

• hoàn - literary;
• phòaⁿ - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: huang³ / huêng³
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huàng / huèng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /huaŋ²¹³/, /hueŋ²¹³/

Note:

• huang3 - Shantou;
• huêng3 - Chaozhou.

Wu

• (Shanghainese)
  • Wiktionary: fe (T2)
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fe̞³⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: /pʉɐn^H/

Rime
Character	販
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	元 (66)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方願切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʉɐnH/
Pan Wuyun	/pʷiɐnH/
Shao Rongfen	/piuɐnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puanH/
Li Rong	/piuɐnH/
Wang Li	/pĭwɐnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯wɐnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pans/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	販
Reading #	1/1
No.	2973
Phonetic component	反
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	販
Old Chinese	/*pans/

Definitions

販

1. to deal in; to trade in; to traffic
2. peddler; hawker; street merchant

Compounds

• 人口販子／人口贩子
• 人販子／人贩子 (rénfànzi)
• 商販／商贩 (shāngfàn)
• 報販／报贩 (bàofàn)
• 小販／小贩 (xiǎofàn)
• 屠販／屠贩
• 山林屠販／山林屠贩
• 攤販／摊贩 (tānfàn)
• 流動攤販／流动摊贩
• 營販／营贩
• 票販子／票贩子 (piàofànzi)
• 私販／私贩

• 稗販／稗贩
• 興販／兴贩
• 行販／行贩
• 裨販／裨贩
• 貨販子／货贩子
• 販君／贩君
• 販售／贩售 (fànshòu)
• 販土／贩土
• 販夫走卒／贩夫走卒 (fànfūzǒuzú)
• 販子／贩子 (fànzi)
• 販官鬻爵／贩官鬻爵
• 販弄／贩弄

• 販毒／贩毒 (fàndú)
• 販私／贩私 (fànsī)
• 販賣／贩卖 (fànmài)
• 販賣人口／贩卖人口
• 販賣機／贩卖机 (fànmàijī)
• 販賣部／贩卖部
• 販鹽虜／贩盐虏
• 量販／量贩 (liàngfàn)
• 量販店／量贩店 (liàngfàndiàn)
• 馬販子／马贩子 (mǎfànzi)
• 駝販／驼贩
• 魚販／鱼贩 (yúfàn)

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Japanese

Kanji

販

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. marketing
2. sell
3. trade

Readings

• Go-on: ほん (hon)
• Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
• Kun: あきなう (akinau, 販う)

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Korean

Hanja

販 • (pan) (hangeul 판, revised pan, McCune–Reischauer p'an, Yale phan)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

販: Hán Nôm readings: phiến, phán

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.