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板

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 闆 and 反
板 U+677F, 板
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-677F
← 松
[U+677E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 枀 →
[U+6780]

Translingual

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Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

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板 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+4, 8 strokes, Cangjie input 木竹水 (DHE) or 難木竹水 (XDHE), four-corner 41947 or 42947, composition ⿰木反)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 514, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14518
  • Dae Jaweon: page 902, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1172, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+677F

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 板
Warring States
Chu slip and silk script
Characters in the same phonetic series (反) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
扳 *praːn, *pʰraːn
板 *praːnʔ
版 *praːnʔ
瓪 *praːnʔ, *paːnʔ
昄 *praːnʔ, *braːnʔ, *paːnʔ
鈑 *praːnʔ
蝂 *praːnʔ
眅 *pʰraːn, *pʰraːnʔ
阪 *braːnʔ, *panʔ
魬 *braːnʔ
粄 *paːnʔ
反 *panʔ, *pʰan
返 *panʔ
坂 *panʔ
畈 *pans
販 *pans
汳 *pʰans
飯 *bonʔ, *bons

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *praːnʔ): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 反 (OC *panʔ, *pʰan).

Officially adopted as the simplified form of 闆 (etymology 2) in the Chinese Character Simplification Scheme (《漢字簡化方案》) in 1956.

Etymology 1

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trad. 板
simp. # 板

The same word as 版 (OC *praːnʔ, “plank”). Cognate with Tibetan འཕར ('phar, “panel; small plank”) (Schuessler, 2007), Burmese ပြား (pra:, “flat, pya”) (Hill, 2019, p. 224).

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • bang3 - literary (e.g. 黑板);
  • be3 - vernacular (e.g. 舢板).
Note:
  • boin2/bain2 - vernacular (bain2 - Jieyang);
  • bang2 - literary.
    • (Leizhou)
      • Leizhou Pinyin: bai2 / bang2
      • Sinological IPA: /pai³¹/, /paŋ³¹/
Note:
  • bai2 - vernacular;
  • bang2 - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 板
Mandarin Beijing /pan²¹⁴/
Harbin /pan²¹³/
Tianjin /pan¹³/
Jinan /pã²¹³/
Qingdao /pã⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /pan⁵³/
Xi'an /pã⁵³/
Xining /pã⁵³/
Yinchuan /pan⁵³/
Lanzhou /pɛ̃n⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /pan⁵¹/
Wuhan /pan⁴²/
Chengdu /pan⁵³/
Guiyang /pan⁴²/
Kunming /pã̠⁵³/
Nanjing /paŋ²¹²/
Hefei /pæ̃²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /pæ̃⁵³/
Pingyao /pɑŋ⁵³/
Hohhot /pæ̃⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /pe³⁵/
Suzhou /pe̞⁵¹/
Hangzhou /pẽ̞⁵³/
Wenzhou /pa³⁵/
Hui Shexian /pɛ³⁵/
Tunxi /puːə³¹/
Xiang Changsha /pan⁴¹/
Xiangtan /pan⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /pan²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /pan³¹/
Taoyuan /pɑn³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pan³⁵/
Nanning /pan³⁵/
Hong Kong /pan³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pan⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pɛiŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /paiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /paŋ⁵³/
/põi⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbaŋ²¹³/
/ʔbai²¹³/
Rime
Character 板
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 刪 (69)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 布綰切
Baxter paenX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pˠanX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pᵚanX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pɐnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/paɨnX/
Li
Rong 		/panX/
Wang
Li 		/panX/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/panX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		baan2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 板 板
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bǎn bǎn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pænX › ‹ pænX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.pˁranʔ/ /*pˁranʔ/
English plank, board perverse

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 板
Reading # 1/1
No. 2953
Phonetic
component 		反
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		版
Old
Chinese 		/*praːnʔ/
Notes 同版

Definitions

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板

  1. plank; board
    木板  ―  mùbǎn  ―  board; plank
    玻璃板  ―  bōlí bǎn  ―  glass board
  2. blackboard
    板報／板报  ―  bǎnbào  ―  blackboard bulletin
  3. sluggish; stiff; inflexible
    呆板  ―  dāibǎn  ―  sluggish
    古板  ―  gǔbǎn  ―  stuffy; old-fashioned and inflexible
  4. to harden; hardened
  5. (Internet) board (sub-unit of a larger BBS or imageboard)
  6. (music) clapper
  7. (music) beat; meter; rhythm (in music or Chinese opera)
    行板  ―  xíngbǎn  ―  andante
    散板  ―  sǎnbǎn  ―  sanban
  8. to look serious or displeased
  9. (literary or Southern Min) wooden coffin
  10. (Southern Min) ability; capability; talent
  11. (Shanghainese) to become sealed by a thin, hardened layer formed upon drying
  12. (Suzhounese) to have to; must

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (板):
  • → Korean: 판(板) (pan)

Others:

  • → Vietnamese: ván

Etymology 2

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Script reformer Chen Guangyao (陳光垚) asserted in 1956 that this substitution had been seen in "the Changjiang area".[1]

Definitions

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For pronunciation and definitions of 板 – see 闆 (“used in 老闆”).
(This character is the simplified form of 闆).
Notes:

Etymology 3

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For pronunciation and definitions of 板 – see 辦 (“sample”).
(This character is a variant form of 辦).

References

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  • “板”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “板”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 211.
  1. ^ Roar Bökset (2006), Long Story of Short Forms: The Evolution of Simplified Chinese Characters (Stockholm East Asian Monographs)‎[1], volume 11, Stockholm University, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2 December 2021, page 47

Japanese

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Kanji

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板

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: へん (hen)
  • Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)
  • Kan’yō-on: ばん (ban, Jōyō)
  • Kun: いた (ita, 板, Jōyō)

Compounds

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Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
板
いた
Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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板(いた) • (ita) 

  1. plank, board
  2. (cooking) short for 俎板
  3. (cooking) short for 板前
  4. (cooking) short for 板場
  5. (laundry) short for 洗濯板
  6. (Internet) board (sub-unit of a larger BBS or imageboard)

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

板 (eumhun 널빤지 판 (neolppanji pan))

  1. hanja form? of 판 (“plank”)

Compounds

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See also

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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板: Hán Nôm readings: ván, bản, bửng, phản

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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