玻璃

Chinese

	phonetic
trad. (玻璃)	玻	璃
simp. ^#(玻璃)	玻	璃
2nd round simp.	玻玏
alternative forms	玻瓈／玻璃

Wikipedia has articles on:

玻璃 (Written Standard Chinese^?)
玻璃 (同性恋) (Written Standard Chinese^?)

Etymology

From Prakrit 𑀨𑀸𑀮𑀺𑀅 (phālia) (Ji, 1998v4); from Sanskrit स्फटिक (sphaṭika). Cognate with Pali phalika (“crystal”), Thai ผลึก (pà-lʉ̀k, “crystal”), Lao ຜະລຶກ (pha lưk), ຜະລິກະ (pha li ka), Khmer ផលិក (phɑlək), etc. The meaning has been shifted to refer to glass (the material).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): bōli, bōlí

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄛ ˙ㄌㄧ, ㄅㄛㄌㄧˊ

(Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bo¹ ni²

(Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): бәли (bəli, I-I)
Cantonese (Jyutping): bo¹ lei^4-1 / bo¹ lei⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): bo¹ li
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): pô-lì

(Hailu, HRS): bo^ˋ li
Jin (Wiktionary): be¹ li³
Eastern Min (BUC): bŏ̤-là̤
Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): bor¹ li²
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): po-lê

(Teochew, Peng'im): bo¹ li⁵
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹pu-li

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bōli
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ ˙ㄌㄧ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: boli̊
  - Wade–Giles: po¹-li⁵
  - Yale: bwō-li
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bo.li
  - Palladius: боли (boli)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li²/
- (Standard Chinese, former standard in Mainland, common variant in Taiwan)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: bōlí
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄛㄌㄧˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: bolí
  - Wade–Giles: po¹-li²
  - Yale: bwō-lí
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: boli
  - Palladius: боли (boli)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li³⁵/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: bo¹ ni²
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bo li
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po⁵⁵ ni²¹/
- (Dungan)
  - Cyrillic and Wiktionary: бәли (bəli, I-I)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pə²⁴ li²⁴/
  (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: bo¹ lei^4-1 / bo¹ lei⁴
  - Yale: bō lēi / bō lèih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bo¹ lei^4-1 / bo¹ lei⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: bo¹ léi^4-1 / bo¹ léi⁴
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵/, /pɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹/

Note: bo1 lei4 - literary, rare.

Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: bo¹ li
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po⁴² li²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pô-lì
  - Hakka Romanization System: bo^ˊ li^ˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: bo¹ li²
  - Sinological IPA: /po²⁴ li¹¹/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
  - Hakka Romanization System: bo^ˋ li
  - Sinological IPA: /po⁵³ li⁵⁵/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: be¹ li³
  - Sinological IPA (old-style): /pɤ¹¹ li⁴⁵/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: bŏ̤-là̤
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po⁵⁵ l̃ɛ⁵³/
Puxian Min
- (Putian, Xianyou)
  - Pouseng Ping'ing: bor¹ li² [Phonetic: bor⁵ li²]
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɒ⁵³³⁻²¹ li¹³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po-lê
  - Tâi-lô: po-lê
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poilee
  - IPA (Xiamen): /po⁴⁴⁻²² le²⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /po³³ le²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁴⁴⁻²² le¹³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /po⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: bo¹ li⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: po lî
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /po³³⁻²³ li⁵⁵/
Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ¹pu-li
  - MiniDict: pu^平 li
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹pu-li
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /pu⁵⁵ li²¹/

Middle Chinese: pha lje

Rime
Character	玻	璃
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	滂禾切	呂支切
Baxter	pha	lje
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰuɑ/	/liᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰuɑ/	/liɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰuɑ/	/ljɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰwa/	/liə̆/
Li Rong	/pʰuɑ/	/lie/
Wang Li	/pʰuɑ/	/lǐe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pʰuɑ/	/lie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pō	lí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	po¹	lei⁴

Noun

玻璃

glass (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m c)
玻璃吹製／玻璃吹制 ― bōli chuīzhì ― glassblowing

小心玻璃。 ― Xiǎoxīn bōli. ― Caution — glass door.

緊急時擊破玻璃。 [MSC, trad.]
紧急时击破玻璃。 [MSC, simp.]
Jǐnjí shí jīpò bōli. [Pinyin]
Break glass in emergency.
generic term for any film material with glass-like transparency, such as cellophane, nylon, plastic, etc. (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m)
(Wuhan Mandarin, humorous) eyeglasses; spectacles
(Sichuanese, humorous) plain boiled water
(slang) gay person; male homosexual

Synonyms

(glass): 琉璃 (liúlí)
(eyeglasses):

Dialectal synonyms of 眼鏡 (“eyeglasses”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		靉靆, 眼鏡
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		眼鏡
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	眼鏡兒, 眼鏡子
	Taiwan	眼鏡
	Chengde	眼鏡兒
	Chifeng	眼鏡兒, 鏡子
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	眼鏡
	Heihe	眼鏡兒
	Qiqihar	眼鏡, 鏡子
	Harbin	眼鏡兒, 鏡子
	Jiamusi	眼鏡兒, 鏡子
	Baicheng	眼鏡兒
	Changchun	眼鏡兒
	Tonghua	眼鏡兒
	Shenyang	眼鏡兒, 鏡子
	Jinzhou	眼鏡兒, 鏡子
	Malaysia	眼鏡
	Singapore	眼鏡
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	眼鏡兒
	Tangshan	眼鏡兒, 眼鏡子
	Cangzhou	眼鏡兒
	Baoding	眼鏡兒
	Shijiazhuang	眼鏡兒
	Lijin	眼鏡, 鏡子
	Jinan	眼鏡子, 鏡子
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	眼鏡兒
	Dandong	眼鏡兒
	Yantai	眼鏡
	Yantai (Muping)	眼鏡
	Qingdao	眼鏡
	Zhucheng	眼鏡
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	眼鏡兒, 二餅兒 derogatory
	Lingbao	眼鏡
	Jining	眼鏡
	Wanrong	眼鏡, 鏡子 dated, 二柄子 derogatory
	Linfen	眼鏡兒
	Shangqiu	眼鏡兒
	Yuanyang	眼鏡
	Zhengzhou	眼鏡
	Xinyang	眼鏡兒
	Baihe	眼鏡, 眼鏡子
	Xi'an	眼鏡, 眼鏡兒
	Baoji	眼鏡
	Tianshui	眼鏡
	Xining	眼鏡兒, 眼鏡子, 眼鏡兒子
	Xuzhou	眼鏡, 二餅 humorous
	Fuyang	眼鏡, 鏡子
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	眼鏡子
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	眼鏡, 眼鏡兒
	Lanzhou	眼鏡兒, 眼鏡子, 鏡子, 二軲轆 humorous
	Dunhuang	眼鏡子
	Hami	眼鏡
	Ürümqi	眼鏡子, 鏡子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	眼鏡兒, 眼鏡
	Nanchong	眼鏡兒
	Dazhou	眼鏡兒, 鏡子
	Hanyuan	眼鏡, 眼鏡子
	Xichang	眼鏡
	Zigong	眼鏡兒
	Chongqing	眼鏡兒
	Wuhan	眼鏡, 鏡子 dated, 玻璃 humorous
	Yichang	眼鏡
	Xiangyang	眼鏡, 鏡子
	Tianmen	眼鏡
	Guiyang	眼鏡
	Zunyi	眼鏡
	Bijie	眼鏡
	Liping	眼鏡
	Zhaotong	眼鏡
	Dali	眼鏡
	Kunming	眼鏡
	Mengzi	眼鏡
	Guilin	眼鏡
	Liuzhou	眼鏡
	Jishou	眼鏡
	Changde	眼鏡
	Hanzhong	眼鏡子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	眼鏡, 二餅 humorous
	Yangzhou	眼鏡子
	Lianyungang	眼鏡
	Lianshui	眼鏡子
	Nantong	眼鏡
	Anqing	眼鏡, 眼睛罩 dated
	Wuhu	眼鏡子
	Hefei	眼鏡子
	Huanggang	眼鏡兒
	Hong'an	眼鏡, 鏡子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	眼鏡, 眼枷
	Hong Kong	眼鏡
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	眼鏡
	Macau	眼鏡
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	眼鏡
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	眼鏡
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	眼鏡
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	眼鏡
	Foshan	眼鏡
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	眼鏡
	Foshan (Shunde)	眼鏡
	Foshan (Sanshui)	眼鏡
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	眼鏡
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	眼鏡
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	眼鏡
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	眼鏡
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	眼鏡
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	眼鏡
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	眼鏡
	Taishan	眼鏡
	Kaiping (Chikan)	眼鏡
	Enping (Niujiang)	眼鏡
	Heshan (Yayao)	眼鏡
	Dongguan	眼鏡, 二文錢 dated
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	眼鏡
	Qingyuan	眼鏡
	Fogang	眼鏡
	Yingde (Hanguang)	眼鏡
	Yangshan	眼鏡
	Lianshan (Butian)	眼鏡
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	眼鏡
	Shaoguan	眼鏡
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	眼鏡
	Renhua	眼鏡
	Lechang	眼鏡
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	眼鏡
	Sihui	眼鏡
	Guangning	眼鏡
	Deqing	眼鏡
	Huaiji	眼鏡
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	眼鏡
	Yunfu	眼鏡
	Xinxing	眼鏡
	Luoding	眼鏡
	Yunan (Pingtai)	眼鏡
	Xinyi	眼鏡
	Lianjiang	眼鏡
	Nanning	眼鏡
	Wuzhou	眼鏡
	Yulin	眼鏡
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	眼鏡
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	眼鏡
	Singapore (Guangfu)	眼鏡
Gan	Nanchang	眼鏡子
	Lichuan	眼鏡
	Pingxiang	眼鏡
Hakka	Meixian	目鏡, 眼鏡
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	眼鏡
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	眼鏡
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	眼鏡
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	眼鏡
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	眼鏡
	Wuhua (Changbu)	眼鏡
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	眼鏡
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	眼鏡
	Jiexi	目鏡
	Luhe	目鏡
	Changting	眼鏡
	Longyan (Yongding)	眼鏡
	Longyan (Xiayang, Yongding)	目鏡, 眼鏡
	Longyan (Gaobei, Yongding)	眼鏡
	Longyan (Hukeng, Yongding)	目鏡
	Wuping (Zhongshan)	目鏡
	Liancheng (Peitian)	眼鏡
	Liancheng (Zhongbao)	眼鏡
	Liancheng (Laiyuan)	目鏡
	Yudu	眼鏡
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	目鏡
	Miaoli (Zaoqiao; N. Sixian)	目鏡
	Miaoli (Touwu; N. Sixian)	目鏡
	Miaoli (Nanzhuang; N. Sixian)	目鏡
	Miaoli (Shitan; N. Sixian)	目鏡
	Miaoli (Sanwan; N. Sixian)	目鏡
	Miaoli (Toufen; N. Sixian)	目鏡
	Miaoli (Gongguan; N. Sixian)	目鏡
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; N. Sixian)	目鏡
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	眼鏡
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	目鏡
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	眼枷仔
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	眼枷仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	目鏡
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	目鏡
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	目鏡
	Miaoli (Zhuolan; Raoping)	目鏡
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	目鏡
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	眼鏡
	Sabah (Longchuan)	眼鏡
	Kuching (Hepo)	目鏡
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	目鏡
	Singkawang	目鏡
	Bangkok (Meixian)	眼鏡
	Bangkok (Fengshun)	目鏡
Huizhou	Jixi	眼鏡
Huizhou	Shexian	眼鏡
Jin	Taiyuan	眼鏡
	Yangyuan	眼鏡兒, 鏡子
	Datong	眼鏡兒
	Xinzhou	眼鏡, 二餅子 derogatory
	Lüliang (Lishi)	眼鏡兒
	Changzhi	眼鏡兒
	Linhe	眼鏡
	Jining	眼鏡兒
	Hohhot	眼鏡
	Erenhot	眼鏡兒
	Pingshan	眼鏡子, 鏡子
	Zhangjiakou	眼鏡兒, 鏡子
	Handan	眼鏡
	Linzhou	眼鏡
	Suide	眼鏡
Northern Min	Jian'ou	眼鏡
	Songxi	眼鏡
	Jianyang	眼鏡
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	眼鏡
	Fuqing	眼鏡
	Gutian	眼鏡
	Ningde	眼鏡
	Zhouning	眼鏡
	Fuding	眼鏡
	Youxi	眼鏡
	Matsu	眼鏡
Southern Min	Xiamen	目鏡
	Quanzhou	目鏡
	Jinjiang	目鏡
	Yongchun	目鏡
	Zhangzhou	目鏡
	Zhao'an	目鏡
	Taipei	目鏡
	Taipei (Wanhua)	目鏡
	New Taipei (Tamsui)	目鏡
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	目鏡
	New Taipei (Pingxi)	目鏡
	Kaohsiung	目鏡
	Kaohsiung (Cijin)	目鏡
	Kaohsiung (Hongmaogang, Siaogang)	目鏡
	Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang)	目鏡
	Kaohsiung (Tianliao)	目鏡
	Yilan	目鏡
	Yilan (Luodong)	目鏡
	Yilan (Toucheng)	目鏡
	Changhua (Lukang)	目鏡
	Taichung	目鏡
	Taichung (Wuqi)	目鏡
	Tainan	目鏡
	Tainan (Anping)	目鏡
	Taitung	目鏡
	Hsinchu	目鏡
	Pingtung (Baoli, Checheng)	目鏡
	Penghu (Magong)	目鏡
	Penghu (Xiyu)	目鏡
	Penang (Hokkien)	目鏡
	Singapore (Hokkien)	目鏡
	Manila (Hokkien)	目鏡
	Longyan	目鏡
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	目鏡
	Datian	眼鏡
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	眼鏡
	Chaozhou	目鏡
	Shantou	目鏡
	Shantou (Chenghai)	目鏡
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	目鏡
	Jieyang	目鏡
	Haifeng	目鏡
	Phnom Penh (Teochew)	目鏡
	Singapore (Teochew)	目鏡
	Leizhou	目鏡
	Wenchang	目鏡
	Haikou	目鏡
Puxian Min	Putian	目鏡
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	目鏡
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	目鏡
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	目鏡
	Xianyou	目鏡
	Xianyou (Fengting)	目鏡
	Xianyou (Youyang)	目鏡
Central Min	Yong'an	眼鏡, 目鏡
Central Min	Sanming (Shaxian)	目鏡
Shaojiang Min	Shaowu	眼鏡
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	眼鏡
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	目鏡
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	眼鏡, 眼枷
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	眼鏡子
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	眼鏡
Wu	Shanghai	眼鏡, 托力克
	Shanghai (Chongming)	眼鏡
	Suzhou	眼鏡
	Danyang	眼鏡子
	Hangzhou	眼鏡兒
	Ningbo	蔡眼
	Wenzhou	眼鏡, 眼視鏡
	Jinhua	眼鏡
Xiang	Changsha	眼鏡
	Loudi	眼鏡
	Quanzhou	眼鏡
Xiangnan Tuhua	Jiangyong	眼鏡

Derived terms

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (玻璃):

→ Japanese: 玻璃(はり) (hari)
→ Korean: 파리(玻璃) (pari)

Others:

→ Vietnamese: pha lê

References

Duffus, William (1883) “glass”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 123

Japanese

Kanji in this term
玻	璃
は Hyōgai	り Grade: S
on'yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) はり [háꜜrì] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1]
IPA^(key): [ha̠ɾʲi]

Noun

玻(は)璃(り) • (hari)

glass, crystal

Synonyms

(more common) ガラス (garasu): glass
クリスタル (kurisutaru): crystal

Derived terms

References

^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[DJR-1] Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[1]