玻璃

Chinese

		phonetic
simp. and trad. (玻璃)		玻	璃
variant forms		玻玏 second round simplified

Etymology

Borrowed from Pali phalika (“crystal”), from Sanskrit स्फटिक (sphaṭika). Cognate with Thai ผลึก (pà-lʉ̀k, “crystal”), Lao ຜະລຶກ (pha lưk), ຜະລິກະ (pha li ka), Khmer ផលិក (phɑlɨk).

gay person

This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): bōli, bōlí

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄛ ˙ㄌㄧ, ㄅㄛ ㄌㄧˊ

  (Chengdu, SP): bo¹ ni²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bo¹ lei^4-1, bo¹ lei⁴
• Gan (Wiktionary): bo¹ li
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): pô-lì
• Jin (Wiktionary): be¹ li³
• Min Dong (BUC): bŏ̤-là̤
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): po-lê

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bo¹ li⁵

• Wu (Wiktionary): pu li (T1)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: bōli
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ ˙ㄌㄧ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bo.lhi
    • IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li²/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, former standard in Mainland, common variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Pinyin: bōlí
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ ㄌㄧˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: boli
    • IPA ^(key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: bo¹ ni²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bo li
    • IPA ^(key): /po⁵⁵ ni²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: bo¹ lei^4-1, bo¹ lei⁴
    • Yale: bō lēi, bō lèih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bo¹ lei^4-1, bo¹ lei⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: bo¹ léi¹, bo¹ léi⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /pɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵/, /pɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹/

Note: bo1 lei4 - literary, rare.

• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: bo¹ li
    • IPA ^(key): /po⁴² li²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pô-lì
    • Hakka Romanization System: bo´ liˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: bo¹ li²
    • IPA: /po²⁴ li¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: be¹ li³
    • IPA (old-style): /pɤ¹¹ li⁴⁵/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: bŏ̤-là̤
    • IPA ^(key): /po⁵⁵ l̃ɛ⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: po-lê
    • Tâi-lô: po-lê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poilee
    • IPA (Xiamen): /po⁴⁴⁻²² le²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /po³³ le²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /po⁴⁴⁻²² le¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /po⁴⁴⁻³³ le²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /pɤ⁴⁴⁻³³ le²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bo¹ li⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: po lî
    • IPA ^(key): /po³³⁻²³ li⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: pu li (T1)
    • IPA ^(key): /pv̩ʷ⁵⁵ li²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /pʰuɑ  liᴇ/▼

Rime
Character	玻	璃
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	滂禾切	呂支切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰuɑ/	/liᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰuɑ/	/liɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰuɑ/	/ljɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰwa/	/liə̆/
Li Rong	/pʰuɑ/	/lie/
Wang Li	/pʰuɑ/	/lǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/pʰuɑ/	/lie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	pō	lí

Noun

玻璃

1. glass (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m)
2. generic term for any film material with glass-like transparency, such as cellophane, nylon, plastic, etc. (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m)
3. (Wuhan, humorous) eyeglasses; spectacles
4. (Sichuan, humorous) plain boiled water
5. (slang) gay person; male homosexual

Synonyms

• (glass): 琉璃 (liúlí)

Derived terms

Derived terms from 玻璃

• 光學玻璃／光学玻璃
• 吸熱玻璃／吸热玻璃
• 吹玻璃
• 塑膠玻璃／塑胶玻璃
• 安全玻璃
• 嵌玻璃
• 強化玻璃／强化玻璃
• 彩繪玻璃／彩绘玻璃 (cǎihuì bōli)
• 彩色玻璃 (cǎisè bōli)
• 擋風玻璃／挡风玻璃 (dǎngfēng bōlí)
• 有機玻璃／有机玻璃 (yǒujī bōlí)
• 有色玻璃 (yǒusè bōli)
• 毛玻璃
• 水晶心肝玻璃人
• 水玻璃 (shuǐbōli)
• 泡沫玻璃
• 火玻璃
• 玻璃圈
• 玻璃天花板 (bōli tiānhuābǎn)
• 玻璃小鞋
• 玻璃布
• 玻璃帷幕
• 玻璃心 (bōlixīn)
• 玻璃心肝
• 玻璃杯 (bōlibēi)
• 玻璃泉

• 玻璃浮雕
• 玻璃液
• 玻璃烤
• 玻璃版 (bōlibǎn)
• 玻璃狀態／玻璃状态
• 玻璃畫／玻璃画
• 玻璃磚／玻璃砖
• 玻璃窗
• 玻璃粉
• 玻璃紙／玻璃纸 (bōlizhǐ)
• 玻璃絲／玻璃丝 (bōlisī)
• 玻璃絲襪／玻璃丝袜 (bōli sīwà)
• 玻璃纖維／玻璃纤维
• 玻璃質肥料／玻璃质肥料
• 玻璃鋼／玻璃钢 (bōlígāng)
• 玻璃骨 (bōlígǔ)
• 玻璃體／玻璃体 (bōlitǐ)
• 石英玻璃
• 硬玻璃
• 硼玻璃
• 磨砂玻璃
• 結晶玻璃／结晶玻璃
• 花窗玻璃 (huāchuāng bōli)
• 鈷玻璃／钴玻璃
• 鉛玻璃／铅玻璃
• 鋼化玻璃／钢化玻璃 (gānghuà bōli)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (玻璃):

• → Japanese: 玻 (は)璃 (り) (hari)
• → Korean: 파리 (玻璃, pari)
• → Vietnamese: pha li (玻璃)

Others:

• → Vietnamese: pha lê

References

• Duffus, William (1883), “glass”, in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, Swatow: English Presbyterian Mission Press, page 123

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
玻	璃
は Hyōgaiji	り Grade: S
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) は​り [háꜜrì] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [ha̠ɾʲi]

Noun

玻璃 (hiragana はり, rōmaji hari)

1. glass, crystal

Synonyms

• (more common) 硝子 (ガラス) (garasu): glass
• クリスタル (kurisutaru) (kurisutaru): crystal

Derived terms

• 玻 (は)璃 (り)器 (き) (hariki)
• 玻 (は)璃 (り)鏡 (きょう) (harikyō)
• 玻璃質 (はりしつ) (harishitsu)
• 玻璃長石 (はりちょうせき) (harichōseki)
• 玻 (は)璃 (り)版 (ばん) (hariban)