玻璃
Contents
Chinese[edit]
| phonetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. (玻璃) |
玻 | 璃 | |
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Pali phalika (“crystal”), from Sanskrit स्फटिक (sphaṭika). Cognate with Thai ผลึก (pà-lʉ̀k, “crystal”), Lao ຜະລຶກ (pha lưk), ຜະລິກະ (pha li ka), Khmer ផលិក (phâlĭk).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛ ㄌㄧ˙
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bo.lhi
- IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ⁵⁵ li²/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: bo1 lei4-1, bo1 lei4
- Yale: bō lēi, bō lèih
- Cantonese Pinyin: bo1 lei4-1, bo1 lei4
- Guangdong Romanization: bo1 léi1, bo1 léi4
- IPA (key): /pɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹⁻⁵⁵/, /pɔː⁵⁵ lei̯²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
Note: bo1 lei4 - literary, rare.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: pô-lì
- Hakka Romanization System: bo´ liˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: bo1 li2
- IPA: /po²⁴ li¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Min Nan
| Rime | ||
|---|---|---|
| Character | 玻 | 璃 |
| Reading # | 1/1 | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 滂 (2) | 來 (37) |
| Final (韻) | 戈 (95) | 支 (11) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Closed | Open |
| Division (等) | I | III |
| Fanqie | 滂禾切 | 呂支切 |
| Reconstructions | ||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/pʰuɑ/ | /liᴇ/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/pʰuɑ/ | /liɛ/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/pʰuɑ/ | /ljɛ/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/pʰwa/ | /liə̆/ |
| Li Rong |
/pʰuɑ/ | /lie/ |
| Wang Li |
/pʰuɑ/ | /lǐe/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/pʰuɑ/ | /lie̯/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
pō | lí |
Noun[edit]
玻璃
- glass (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m)
- generic term for any film material with glass-like transparency, such as cellophane, nylon, plastic, etc. (Classifier: 張／张 m; 塊／块 m)
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms from 玻璃
References[edit]
- Duffus, William, "glass" (p. 123) in English-Chinese Vocabulary of the Vernacular or Spoken Language of Swatow, English Presbyterian Mission Press, 1883.
Japanese[edit]
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 玻 | 璃 |
| は Hyōgaiji |
り Grade: S |
| on’yomi | |
Noun[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Categories:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Pali
- Chinese terms derived from Pali
- Chinese terms derived from Sanskrit
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Min Nan lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Min Nan nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese nouns classified by 張/张
- Chinese nouns classified by 塊/块
- Elementary Mandarin
- Chinese disyllabic morphemes
- Japanese terms spelled with 玻
- Japanese terms spelled with 璃 read as り
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
