crystal

Wikipedia

See also: Crystal

English

Wikipedia

Alternative forms

• crystall (obsolete)

Etymology

Old English cristal (“clear ice/mineral”), from Latin crystallum (“crystal, ice”), later reinforced from Anglo-Norman cristall, Middle French cristal, from Latin crystallum, from Ancient Greek κρύσταλλος (krustallos, “clear ice”), from κρύος (kruos, “frost”), from the Proto-Indo-European *krus-, *kru- (“hard, hard outer surface, crust”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: krĭsʹtəl, IPA^(key): /ˈkrɪstəl/

• Audio (CA)

  (file)

Noun

crystal (countable and uncountable, plural crystals)

1. (countable) A solid composed of an array of atoms or molecules possessing long-range order and arranged in a pattern which is periodic in three dimensions.
2. (countable) A piece of glimmering, shining mineral resembling ice or glass.
3. (uncountable) A fine type of glassware, or the material used to make it.
4. (uncountable, slang) crystal meth: methamphetamine hydrochloride.
5. The glass over the dial of a watch case.

Synonyms

• (array of atoms): grain

Antonyms

• (array of atoms): amorphous, glass

Derived terms

• crystalliferous
• crystalline
• crystallite
• crystallization, crystallisation
• crystallize, crystallise
• crystallographer
• crystalloid
• crystal stone
• quasicrystal

Related terms

• blood crystal
• clear as crystal
• compound crystal
• crystal ball
• crystal clear
• Iceland crystal
• liquid crystal
• mountain crystal
• rock crystal

Translations

array of atoms

• Albanian: kristal
• Arabic: قريس (qarīs), قريت (qarīt)
• Armenian: բյուրեղ (hy) (byureł)
• Basque: kristal (eu)
• Bulgarian: кристал (bg) m (kristál)
• Catalan: cristall m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 結晶 (zh), 结晶 (jiéjīng)

• Czech: krystal (cs) m
• Dutch: kristal (nl) n
• Esperanto: kristalo
• Finnish: kide (fi)
• French: cristal (fr) m
• Georgian: კრისტალი (kristali)
• German: Kristall (de) m
• Greek: κρύσταλλος (el) m (krýstallos) m
• Hawaiian: pōhaku aʻiaʻi
• Hebrew: גביש m (gavysh)
• Hindi: क्रिस्टल (krisṭala), स्फटिक (sfaTik)
• Hungarian: kristály (hu)
• Irish: criostal m
• Italian: cristallo m
• Japanese: 結晶 (ja) (けっしょう, kesshō)
• Khmer: ផលិក (km) (pleek, plək)
• Korean: 결정 (ko) (gyeoljeong)

• Latin: crystallum
• Latvian: kristāls m
• Lithuanian: kristalas
• Macedonian: кристал m (kristál)
• Malay: hablur, kristal
• Maori: kōataata, pīataata
• Mongolian: болор (bolor)
• Norwegian: krystall
• Persian: بلور (fa) (bolur)
• Polish: kryształ (pl) m
• Portuguese: cristal (pt) m
• Romanian: cristal (ro)
• Russian: кристалл (ru) m (kristáll)
• Sanskrit: please add this translation if you can
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ледац m, кристал

  Roman: ledac m, krìstāl m

• Slovene: kristal (sl) m
• Spanish: cristal (es)
• Swedish: kristall (sv) c
• Telugu: స్ఫటికము (te) (sphaṭikamu)
• Thai: ผลึก (th) (pàlèuk)
• Turkish: kristal (tr)
• Vietnamese: tinh thể (vi)

mineral

• Albanian: kristal m
• Arabic: قريس (qarīs), قريت (qarīt)
• Armenian: բյուրեղ (hy) (byureł)
• Basque: please add this translation if you can
• Bulgarian: кристал (bg) m (kristál)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 水晶 (zh) (shuǐjīng)

• Czech: please add this translation if you can
• Dutch: kristal (nl) n
• Esperanto: kristalo
• Finnish: kristalli (fi)
• French: cristal (fr) m
• Georgian: კრისტალი (kristali)
• German: Kristall (de) m
• Greek: κρύσταλλο (el) n (krýstallo)
• Hawaiian: pōhaku aʻiaʻi
• Hebrew: גביש m (gavysh)
• Hindi: please add this translation if you can
• Hungarian: kristály (hu)
• Irish: criostal m
• Italian: cristallo m
• Japanese: 結晶 (ja) (けっしょう, kesshō) (usual); 水晶 (すいしょう, suishō), クリスタル (kurisutaru) (quartz)
• Khmer: ផលិក (km) (pleek, plək)
• Korean: please add this translation if you can
• Ladino: kristal, cristal

• Latin: cristallus f
• Latvian: kristāls m
• Lithuanian: please add this translation if you can
• Macedonian: кристал m (kristál)
• Maori: please add this translation if you can
• Mongolian: please add this translation if you can
• Norwegian: please add this translation if you can
• Persian: بلور (fa) (bolur)
• Polish: kryształ (pl) m
• Portuguese: cristal (pt) m
• Romanian: cristal (ro) m
• Russian: хрусталь (ru) m (xrustálʹ), горный хрусталь m (górnyj xrustálʹ)
• Sanskrit: please add this translation if you can
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ледац m, кристал m

  Roman: ledac m, krìstāl m

• Slovene: kristal (sl) m
• Spanish: cristal (es) m
• Swahili: fuwele
• Swedish: kristall (sv) c
• Telugu: స్ఫటికం (te) (sphaTikaM)
• Thai: ผลึก (th) (pàlèuk)
• Turkish: kristal (tr)
• Vietnamese: please add this translation if you can
• Welsh: crisial (cy) m

glassware

• Armenian: բյուրեղապակի (byurełapaki)
• Bulgarian: кристал (bg) m (kristál)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 水晶玻璃 (shuǐjīng bōlí), 玻璃 (zh) (bōlí)

• Czech: křišťál (cs) m
• Dutch: kristal (nl) n
• Esperanto: kvarcvitro, kristalo
• Finnish: kristalli (fi)
• Georgian: ბროლი (broli), ბროლის ჭურჭელი (brolis čurčeli)
• German: Kristallglas (de) n, Kristall (de) m
• Greek: κρύσταλλο (el) n (krýstallo) , κρυστάλλι (el) n (krystálli) , κρουστάλλι (el) n (kroustálli)
• Hebrew: בדולח (he) m (bdolakh)
• Hungarian: kristály (hu)
• Japanese: クリスタル (kurisutaru), クリスタル・ガラス (kurisutaru-garasu)
• Khmer: ផលិក (km) (pleek, plək)
• Ladino: kristal, cristal
• Latin: crystallum n
• Latvian: kristāls m

• Macedonian: кристал m (kristál)
• Norwegian: krystall
• Ottoman Turkish: آبگينه (âbgîne), بلور (billûr)
• Persian: کریستال (fa) (kristâl)
• Polish: kryształ (pl) m
• Portuguese: cristal (pt) m
• Romanian: cristal (ro) m
• Russian: хрусталь (ru) m (xrustálʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: ледац m, кристал m

  Roman: ledac m, krìstāl m

• Slovene: kristal (sl) m
• Spanish: cristal (es)
• Swedish: kristall (sv) c
• Thai: ดาลัด (daalát), เพชรน้ำค้าง (pét náam káang)
• Turkish: kristal (tr)
• Vietnamese: pha lê (vi)

(used attributively)

• Dutch: kristallen (nl)
• Esperanto: kristalo
• Georgian: ბროლის (brolis), კრისტალური (kristaluri)

• Khmer: ផលិក (km) (pleek, plək)
• Latvian: kristāla
• Russian: кристально (ru) (kristálʹno) (adverb)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

• Latin: crystallis

• Norwegian: krystall

Adjective

crystal (not comparable)

1. Very clear.

   "Do I make myself clear?" / "Crystal."

References

• “crystal” in Douglas Harper, Online Etymology Dictionary (2001).