κρύος
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Ancient Greek[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Uncertain. Traditionally considered from Proto-Indo-European *krews- and cognate with Latin crusta, but according to Beekes there are semantic problems with this connection. Also compare Tocharian B kuraś (“cold”), Latvian kruvesis, perhaps Ukrainian крига (kryha, “ice”) and Old English hruse (“surface”). Also see κρύσταλλος (krústallos, “ice; rock crystal”) and κρυμός (krumós).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /krý.os/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈkry.os/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈkry.os/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈkry.os/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈkri.os/
Noun[edit]
κρῠ́ος • (krúos) n (genitive κρῠ́ους or κρῠ́εος); third declension
κρῠ́ος • (krúos) m (genitive κρῠ́ου); second declension
Inflection[edit]
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | τὸ κρῠ́ος tò krúos |
τὼ κρῠ́ει tṑ krúei |
τᾰ̀ κρῠ́η tà krúē | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κρῠ́ους toû krúous |
τοῖν κρῠοῖν toîn kruoîn |
τῶν κρῠῶν tôn kruôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κρῠ́ει tôi krúei |
τοῖν κρῠοῖν toîn kruoîn |
τοῖς κρῠ́εσῐ / κρῠ́εσῐν toîs krúesi(n) | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸ κρῠ́ος tò krúos |
τὼ κρῠ́ει tṑ krúei |
τᾰ̀ κρῠ́η tà krúē | ||||||||||
Vocative | κρῠ́ος krúos |
κρῠ́ει krúei |
κρῠ́η krúē | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ κρῠ́ος ho krúos |
τὼ κρῠ́ω tṑ krúō |
οἱ κρῠ́οι hoi krúoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κρῠ́ου toû krúou |
τοῖν κρῠ́οιν toîn krúoin |
τῶν κρῠ́ων tôn krúōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κρῠ́ῳ tôi krúōi |
τοῖν κρῠ́οιν toîn krúoin |
τοῖς κρῠ́οις toîs krúois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν κρῠ́ον tòn krúon |
τὼ κρῠ́ω tṑ krúō |
τοὺς κρῠ́ους toùs krúous | ||||||||||
Vocative | κρῠ́ε krúe |
κρῠ́ω krúō |
κρῠ́οι krúoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
|
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- “κρύος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κρύος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- κρύος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- κρύος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- κρύος - ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ (since 2011) Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch) University of Chicago.
Greek[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Ancient Greek κρύος (krúos).
Compare Mariupol Greek кри́ю (kríju).
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
κρύος • (krýos) m (feminine κρύα, neuter κρύο)
Declension[edit]
Declension of κρύος
number case \ gender |
singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | κρύος • | κρύα • | κρύο • | κρύοι • | κρύες • | κρύα • |
genitive | κρύου • | κρύας • | κρύου • | κρύων • | κρύων • | κρύων • |
accusative | κρύο • | κρύα • | κρύο • | κρύους • | κρύες • | κρύα • |
vocative | κρύε • | κρύα • | κρύο • | κρύοι • | κρύες • | κρύα • |
derivations | Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο κρύος, etc.) Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο κρύος, etc.) |
Coordinate terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- κρύος - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 2-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Ancient Greek third-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek neuter nouns in the third declension
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- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek
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