بلور

Arabic

بلَّور (etymology 1.1, noun sense 2)

Etymology 1.1

Etymology tree

Pali veḷuriyabor.

Middle Persian bylwl (/⁠*bēlūr⁠/)

Classical Persian بِلّور (billōr)bor.

Arabic بلور

Borrowed from Classical Persian بِلّور (billōr), from Middle Persian bylwl (/⁠*bēlūr⁠/), borrowed from Pali veḷuriya.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bil.lawr/

Noun

بِلَّوْر • (billawr) m (collective, singulative بِلَّوْرَة f (billawra))

2. crystal
4. rock crystal, quartz (originally)

Declension

Declension of noun بِلَّوْر (billawr)

collective	basic collective triptote
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بِلَّوْر billawr	الْبِلَّوْر al-billawr	بِلَّوْر billawr
nominative	بِلَّوْرٌ billawrun	الْبِلَّوْرُ al-billawru	بِلَّوْرُ billawru
accusative	بِلَّوْرًا billawran	الْبِلَّوْرَ al-billawra	بِلَّوْرَ billawra
genitive	بِلَّوْرٍ billawrin	الْبِلَّوْرِ al-billawri	بِلَّوْرِ billawri
singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بِلَّوْرَة billawra	الْبِلَّوْرَة al-billawra	بِلَّوْرَة billawrat
nominative	بِلَّوْرَةٌ billawratun	الْبِلَّوْرَةُ al-billawratu	بِلَّوْرَةُ billawratu
accusative	بِلَّوْرَةً billawratan	الْبِلَّوْرَةَ al-billawrata	بِلَّوْرَةَ billawrata
genitive	بِلَّوْرَةٍ billawratin	الْبِلَّوْرَةِ al-billawrati	بِلَّوْرَةِ billawrati
dual	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بِلَّوْرَتَيْن billawratayn	الْبِلَّوْرَتَيْن al-billawratayn	بِلَّوْرَتَيْ billawratay
nominative	بِلَّوْرَتَانِ billawratāni	الْبِلَّوْرَتَانِ al-billawratāni	بِلَّوْرَتَا billawratā
accusative	بِلَّوْرَتَيْنِ billawratayni	الْبِلَّوْرَتَيْنِ al-billawratayni	بِلَّوْرَتَيْ billawratay
genitive	بِلَّوْرَتَيْنِ billawratayni	الْبِلَّوْرَتَيْنِ al-billawratayni	بِلَّوْرَتَيْ billawratay
paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	indefinite	definite	construct
informal	بِلَّوْرَات billawrāt	الْبِلَّوْرَات al-billawrāt	بِلَّوْرَات billawrāt
nominative	بِلَّوْرَاتٌ billawrātun	الْبِلَّوْرَاتُ al-billawrātu	بِلَّوْرَاتُ billawrātu
accusative	بِلَّوْرَاتٍ billawrātin	الْبِلَّوْرَاتِ al-billawrāti	بِلَّوْرَاتِ billawrāti
genitive	بِلَّوْرَاتٍ billawrātin	الْبِلَّوْرَاتِ al-billawrāti	بِلَّوْرَاتِ billawrāti

Descendants

• Egyptian Arabic: بلور (ballūr), بنور (bannūr)
• Moroccan Arabic: بلار (ballār)
• → Amharic: በሉር (bälur)
• → Middle Armenian: պլօր (plōr), պիլօր (pilōr)
• → Galician: abelorio
• → Ge'ez: ብሉር (bəlur)
• → Gujarati: બિલોર (bilor)
• → Hindi: बिल्लौर (billaur)
• → Ottoman Turkish: بللور (billur), بلور (billur)
  • Turkish: billur
  • → Albanian: bilur
  • → Bulgarian: билю́р (biljúr)
  • → Crimean Tatar: billur
  • → Serbo-Croatian: bìljūr / бѝљӯр
• → Punjabi: ਬਲੌਰ (balaur)
• → Portuguese: avelório
• → Spanish: abalorio
• → Swahili: bilauri
• → Tigre: በሉር (bälur), በኑር (bänur)
• → Uzbek: billur

Etymology 1.2

Root
ب ل و ر (b l w r)
3 terms

Denominal verb of بِلَّوْر (billawr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bal.wa.ra/

Verb

بَلْوَرَ • (balwara) Iq (non-past يُبَلْوِرُ (yubalwiru), verbal noun بَلْوَرَة (balwara)) (transitive)

1. to clarify, to outline, to illustrate
2. to crystallize

Conjugation

Conjugation of بَلْوَرَ (Iq, sound, full passive, verbal noun بَلْوَرَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						بَلْوَرَة balwara
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُبَلْوِر mubalwir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُبَلْوَر mubalwar
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بَلْوَرْتُ balwartu	بَلْوَرْتَ balwarta	بَلْوَرَ balwara		بَلْوَرْتُمَا balwartumā	بَلْوَرَا balwarā		بَلْوَرْنَا balwarnā	بَلْوَرْتُمْ balwartum	بَلْوَرُوا balwarū
	f		بَلْوَرْتِ balwarti	بَلْوَرَتْ balwarat			بَلْوَرَتَا balwaratā			بَلْوَرْتُنَّ balwartunna	بَلْوَرْنَ balwarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُبَلْوِرُ ʔubalwiru	تُبَلْوِرُ tubalwiru	يُبَلْوِرُ yubalwiru		تُبَلْوِرَانِ tubalwirāni	يُبَلْوِرَانِ yubalwirāni		نُبَلْوِرُ nubalwiru	تُبَلْوِرُونَ tubalwirūna	يُبَلْوِرُونَ yubalwirūna
	f		تُبَلْوِرِينَ tubalwirīna	تُبَلْوِرُ tubalwiru			تُبَلْوِرَانِ tubalwirāni			تُبَلْوِرْنَ tubalwirna	يُبَلْوِرْنَ yubalwirna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُبَلْوِرَ ʔubalwira	تُبَلْوِرَ tubalwira	يُبَلْوِرَ yubalwira		تُبَلْوِرَا tubalwirā	يُبَلْوِرَا yubalwirā		نُبَلْوِرَ nubalwira	تُبَلْوِرُوا tubalwirū	يُبَلْوِرُوا yubalwirū
	f		تُبَلْوِرِي tubalwirī	تُبَلْوِرَ tubalwira			تُبَلْوِرَا tubalwirā			تُبَلْوِرْنَ tubalwirna	يُبَلْوِرْنَ yubalwirna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُبَلْوِرْ ʔubalwir	تُبَلْوِرْ tubalwir	يُبَلْوِرْ yubalwir		تُبَلْوِرَا tubalwirā	يُبَلْوِرَا yubalwirā		نُبَلْوِرْ nubalwir	تُبَلْوِرُوا tubalwirū	يُبَلْوِرُوا yubalwirū
	f		تُبَلْوِرِي tubalwirī	تُبَلْوِرْ tubalwir			تُبَلْوِرَا tubalwirā			تُبَلْوِرْنَ tubalwirna	يُبَلْوِرْنَ yubalwirna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		بَلْوِرْ balwir			بَلْوِرَا balwirā				بَلْوِرُوا balwirū
	f		بَلْوِرِي balwirī							بَلْوِرْنَ balwirna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	بُلْوِرْتُ bulwirtu	بُلْوِرْتَ bulwirta	بُلْوِرَ bulwira		بُلْوِرْتُمَا bulwirtumā	بُلْوِرَا bulwirā		بُلْوِرْنَا bulwirnā	بُلْوِرْتُمْ bulwirtum	بُلْوِرُوا bulwirū
	f		بُلْوِرْتِ bulwirti	بُلْوِرَتْ bulwirat			بُلْوِرَتَا bulwiratā			بُلْوِرْتُنَّ bulwirtunna	بُلْوِرْنَ bulwirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُبَلْوَرُ ʔubalwaru	تُبَلْوَرُ tubalwaru	يُبَلْوَرُ yubalwaru		تُبَلْوَرَانِ tubalwarāni	يُبَلْوَرَانِ yubalwarāni		نُبَلْوَرُ nubalwaru	تُبَلْوَرُونَ tubalwarūna	يُبَلْوَرُونَ yubalwarūna
	f		تُبَلْوَرِينَ tubalwarīna	تُبَلْوَرُ tubalwaru			تُبَلْوَرَانِ tubalwarāni			تُبَلْوَرْنَ tubalwarna	يُبَلْوَرْنَ yubalwarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُبَلْوَرَ ʔubalwara	تُبَلْوَرَ tubalwara	يُبَلْوَرَ yubalwara		تُبَلْوَرَا tubalwarā	يُبَلْوَرَا yubalwarā		نُبَلْوَرَ nubalwara	تُبَلْوَرُوا tubalwarū	يُبَلْوَرُوا yubalwarū
	f		تُبَلْوَرِي tubalwarī	تُبَلْوَرَ tubalwara			تُبَلْوَرَا tubalwarā			تُبَلْوَرْنَ tubalwarna	يُبَلْوَرْنَ yubalwarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُبَلْوَرْ ʔubalwar	تُبَلْوَرْ tubalwar	يُبَلْوَرْ yubalwar		تُبَلْوَرَا tubalwarā	يُبَلْوَرَا yubalwarā		نُبَلْوَرْ nubalwar	تُبَلْوَرُوا tubalwarū	يُبَلْوَرُوا yubalwarū
	f		تُبَلْوَرِي tubalwarī	تُبَلْوَرْ tubalwar			تُبَلْوَرَا tubalwarā			تُبَلْوَرْنَ tubalwarna	يُبَلْوَرْنَ yubalwarna

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

بلور • (billur) (definite accusative بلوری (billuru), plural بلورلر (billurlar))

1. alternative spelling of بللور (billur, “rock crystal; cut glass”)

Further reading

• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “بلور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 276
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “بلور”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[2], Vienna, column 884
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “بلور”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[3], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 385

Persian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Pali veḷuriyabor.

Middle Persian bylwl (/⁠*bēlūr⁠/)

Persian بلور

From Middle Persian [script needed] (bylwl /⁠*bēlūr⁠/, “crystal”), from Pali veḷuriya. Compare Parthian [Term?] (byrwl /⁠*bērūl⁠/, “crystal”) and Ancient Greek βήρυλλος (bḗrullos, “beryl”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /bi.ˈloːr/, /bal.ˈloːr/, /bil.ˈlawr/, /bu.ˈluːr/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɪ.láwɾ], [bʊ.lóːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɪ.láwɾ], [bʊ.lóːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɪ.láwɾ], [bʊ.lóːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bi.láwɾ], [bu.lʊ́ːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bo.lúːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bu.lɵ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	bilṓr, ballṓr, billáwr, bulū́r
Dari reading?	bilawr, bulōr
Iranian reading?	bolur
Tajik reading?	bulür

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

بلور • (bolur) (Tajik spelling булӯр)

1. crystal

Derived terms

• بلورنگاری (bolur-negâri)

Related terms

• بلورین (bolurin)

Descendants

• → Arabic: بِلَّوْر (billawr)
  • Egyptian Arabic: بلور (ballūr), بنور (bannūr)
  • Moroccan Arabic: بلار (ballār)
  • → Amharic: በሉር (bälur)
  • → Middle Armenian: պլօր (plōr), պիլօր (pilōr)
  • → Galician: abelorio
  • → Ge'ez: ብሉር (bəlur)
  • → Gujarati: બિલોર (bilor)
  • → Hindi: बिल्लौर (billaur)
  • → Ottoman Turkish: بللور (billur), بلور (billur)
    • Turkish: billur
    • → Albanian: bilur
    • → Bulgarian: билю́р (biljúr)
    • → Crimean Tatar: billur
    • → Serbo-Croatian: bìljūr / бѝљӯр
  • → Punjabi: ਬਲੌਰ (balaur)
  • → Portuguese: avelório
  • → Spanish: abalorio
  • → Swahili: bilauri
  • → Tigre: በሉር (bälur), በኑር (bänur)
  • → Uzbek: billur
• → Malay: balur
  • Indonesian: balur

References

• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “bēlūr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 19
• Franke, Otto (1893), “Beziehungen der Inder zum Westen”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎^[4], volume 47, page 600
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “بلور”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary (overall work in English), London: Routledge & K. Paul