禾

See also: 夫, 末, 天, 未, and 夭

Translingual

Japanese stroke order

Stroke order

Etymology

Historical forms of the character 禾
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Large seal script	Small seal script

Pictogram (象形) Picture of a plant stalk. The stalk is more recognizable in older form.

Han character

禾 (radical 115 禾+0, 5 strokes, cangjie input 竹木 (HD), four-corner 2090₄, composition ⿱丿木)

1. Kangxi radical #115, ⽲ ‎(“grain”).

Related characters

• 兼

References

• KangXi: page 848, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24906
• Dae Jaweon: page 1270, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2588, character 1
• Unihan data for U+79BE

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		禾

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hé (he²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄜˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): wo⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): vô
• Min Nan (POJ): hô
• Wu (Wiktionary): hhu (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: hé
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄜˊ
    • Wade-Giles: ho²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: her
    • IPA ^(key): /xɤ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: wo⁴
    • Yale: wòh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: wo⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /wɔː²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: vô
    • Hakka Romanization System: vo´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: vo¹
    • IPA: /vo²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hô
    • Tâi-lô: hô
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hooi
    • IPA (Taipei): /ho²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɤ¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: hhu (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /ɦv̩ʷ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /ɦuɑ/▼

Rime
Character	禾
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	戸戈切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦuɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦuɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣuɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwa/
Li Rong	/ɣuɑ/
Wang Li	/ɣuɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣuɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	huó

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*[ɢ]ˤoj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoːl/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	禾
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	hé
Middle Chinese	‹ hwa ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ˤoj/
English	growing grain
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	禾
Reading #	1/1
No.	4931
Phonetic component	禾
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	和
Old Chinese	/*ɡoːl/

Definitions

禾

1. grain, cereal
2. rice plant

Compounds

• 禾苗 (hémiáo)
• 禾稻 (hédào)

References

• Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)

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Japanese

Kanji

禾

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. rice plant

Readings

• Goon: わ (wa)
• Kan’on: か (ka), from くわ
• Kun: いね (ine), のぎ (nogi)

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Korean

Hanja

禾 • ‎(hwa) (hangeul 화)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

禾 (hoà)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.