酥

酥 U+9165, 酥 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9165 ← 酤 [U+9164] CJK Unified Ideographs 酦 → [U+9166]

Translingual

Han character

酥 (Kangxi radical 164, 酉+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一田竹木 (MWHD), four-corner 1269₄, composition ⿰酉禾)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1282, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39835
• Dae Jaweon: page 1782, character 11
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3579, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9165

Chinese

trad.		酥
simp. #		酥
alternative forms		𦢦 ‡ 𨣺 ‡ 𨢭 ‡ 𦣑 ‡s

Glyph origin

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sŋaː) : semantic 酉 (“alcohol”) + abbreviated phonetic 穌 (OC *sŋaː).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): sū (su¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): su¹

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): sou¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhu¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): su¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): sû

  (Meixian, Guangdong): si¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): su¹
• Northern Min (KCR): sú
• Eastern Min (BUC): sŭ
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): so͘

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sou¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹su
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sou¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sū
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: su
    • Wade–Giles: su¹
    • Yale: sū
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: su
    • Palladius: су (su)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: su¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: su
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: sou¹
    • Yale: sōu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sou¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sou̯⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬu³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: su¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sû
    • Hakka Romanization System: su´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: su¹
    • Sinological IPA: /su²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: si¹
    • Sinological IPA: /sz̩⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: su¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /su¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sú
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sŭ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /su⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: so͘
    • Tâi-lô: soo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sof
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sɔ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sɔ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sɔ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sɔ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sɔ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: sou¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sou
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sou³³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹su
    • MiniDict: su^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹su
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /su⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: sou¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /səu̯³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: su

Rime
Character	酥
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	模 (23)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	素姑切
Baxter	su
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suo/
Pan Wuyun	/suo/
Shao Rongfen	/so/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɔ/
Li Rong	/so/
Wang Li	/su/
Bernard Karlgren	/suo/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sū
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sou1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sŋaː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	酥
Reading #	1/1
No.	12094
Phonetic component	酥
Rime group	魚
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	蘇
Old Chinese	/*sŋaː/
Notes	穌省聲

Definitions

酥

1. (archaic) butter
2. ^† alcohol
3. flaky pastry; shortbread

   鳳梨酥／凤梨酥  ―  fènglísū  ―  pineapple cake

4. crispy; flaky
5. weak; limp

   alt. forms: 䜹 obsolete

6. soft; satiny

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 脆 (“crispy”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		脆
Mandarin	Taiwan	脆
	Yantai (Muping)	脆
	Jinan	脆, 酥
	Luoyang	脆, 酥
	Wanrong	脆, 酥
	Xi'an	脆, 酥
	Yinchuan	脆
	Nanjing	酥
	Singapore	脆
Cantonese	Guangzhou	脆, 酥, 爽, 爽脆
	Hong Kong	脆, 酥, 爽, 爽脆
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	脆
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	脆
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	脆
	Dongguan	爽
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	脆
Gan	Nanchang	脆, 酥
	Pingxiang	酥
Hakka	Meixian	脆
	Hong Kong	酥
	Senai (Huiyang)	鬆, 酥
Huizhou	Jixi	酥
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	酥, 脆
Southern Min	Xiamen	酥
	Quanzhou	酥
	Zhangzhou	酥
	Taipei	酥 GT
	Singapore (Hokkien)	酥
	Manila (Hokkien)	脆, 酥
	Chaozhou	酥
	Shantou	酥, 脆
	Jieyang	酥
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	酥
	Haikou	酥
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	脆
Wu	Shanghai	脆
	Shanghai (Chongming)	脆
	Suzhou	脆
Note	GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Compounds

• 凝酥
• 叉燒酥／叉烧酥 (chāshāosū)
• 合桃酥
• 團酥／团酥
• 土酥
• 大辣酥
• 寒酥
• 屠酥
• 打剌酥
• 打辣酥
• 排骨酥
• 撇酥兒／撇酥儿
• 方塊酥／方块酥
• 暖酥
• 桃酥 (táosū)
• 棗泥酥／枣泥酥
• 油蔥酥／油葱酥
• 油酥 (yóusū)
• 流酥
• 清酥
• 滴粉搓酥
• 滴酥
• 牛脷酥
• 牛酥
• 王梨酥
• 玉酥
• 瓊酥／琼酥
• 癢酥酥／痒酥酥
• 皮蛋酥
• 破酥包
• 粉頸酥胸／粉颈酥胸
• 紅酥／红酥
• 肉酥 (ròusū)
• 芋頭酥／芋头酥
• 蛋黃酥／蛋黄酥
• 蟾酥 (chánsū)
• 軟酥酥／软酥酥
• 辣酥酥
• 酥乳
• 酥倒
• 酥僉／酥佥
• 酥懈
• 酥油 (sūyóu)
• 酥油茶 (sūyóuchá)
• 酥油草
• 酥湯／酥汤
• 酥潤／酥润
• 酥燈／酥灯
• 酥燒／酥烧
• 酥皮 (sūpí)
• 酥簽／酥签
• 酥糖
• 酥脆 (sūcuì)
• 酥胸 (sūxiōng)
• 酥腰
• 酥花
• 酥蜜
• 酥融
• 酥軟／酥软 (sūruǎn)
• 酥酒
• 酥酡
• 酡酥
• 酥酪
• 酥醪
• 酥雨
• 酥餅／酥饼 (sūbǐng)
• 酥鬆／酥松
• 酥麻
• 酪酥
• 酴酥
• 鑽冰求酥／钻冰求酥
• 靈酥／灵酥
• 香酥
• 駝酥／驼酥
• 骨軟筋酥／骨软筋酥
• 骨軟肉酥／骨软肉酥
• 魚酥／鱼酥
• 鳳梨酥／凤梨酥 (fènglísū)
• 鵝黃酥／鹅黄酥
• 鹹酥／咸酥
• 鹹酥雞／咸酥鸡
• 鹽酥／盐酥
• 鹽酥雞／盐酥鸡
• 麻酥糖
• 麻酥酥
• 點酥／点酥
• 點酥娘／点酥娘

 

References

• Ding, Fubao (丁福保) (1922), “酥” in 佛學大辭典 [A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms].
• “Entry #9161”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
• “酥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

酥

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. milk

Readings

• Go-on: す (su)
• Kan-on: そ (so)
• Kun: ちちざけ (chichizake)

Korean

Hanja

酥 • (so) (hangeul 소, revised so, McCune–Reischauer so, Yale so)

1. butter
2. flaky
3. crispy, light, fluffy

Vietnamese

Han character

酥: Hán Nôm readings: tô

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.