鬆

See also: 松

鬆 U+9B06, 鬆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9B06 ← 鬅 [U+9B05] CJK Unified Ideographs 鬇 → [U+9B07]

Translingual

Han character

鬆 (radical 190, 髟+8, 18 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹木金戈 (SHDCI), four-corner 7293₂, composition ⿱髟松)

References

• KangXi: page 1455, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45484
• Dae Jaweon: page 1986, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4527, character 9
• Unihan data for U+9B06

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (公) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
慃	*qroːŋʔ
袞	*kluːnʔ
衮	*kluːnʔ
蔉	*kluːnʔ
滚	*kluːnʔ
忩	*sʰloːŋ
鬆	*sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ
凇	*sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ
公	*kloːŋ
蚣	*kloːŋ, *kljoŋ
翁	*qloːŋ
螉	*qloːŋ
蓊	*qloːŋ, *qloːŋʔ
嗡	*qloːŋ
滃	*qloːŋʔ
暡	*qloːŋʔ
勜	*qloːŋʔ
塕	*qloːŋʔ
瓮	*qloːŋs
崧	*sqʰluŋ
菘	*sqʰluŋ
硹	*sqʰluŋ
淞	*sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ
蜙	*sqʰloŋ
倯	*sqʰloŋ
松	*sɢloŋ
訟	*sɢloŋ, *sɢloŋs
頌	*sɢloŋs, *loŋ
忪	*kljoŋ
彸	*kljoŋ
衳	*kljoŋ
伀	*kljoŋ
妐	*kljoŋ
炂	*kljoŋ
鈆	*kljoŋ, *lon

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ): semantic 髟 (“hair”) + phonetic 松 (OC *sɢloŋ).

Etymology 1

trad.		鬆
simp.		松*

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sōng (song¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): sung¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sûng
• Min Bei (KCR): só̤ng
• Min Nan (POJ): sang / song

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: sōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥ
    • Wade–Giles: sung1
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: song
    • Tongyong Pinyin: song
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: sung¹
    • Yale: sūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: sung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: sung´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /suŋ²⁴/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: só̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɔŋ⁵⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sang / song
    • Tâi-lô: sang / song
    • Phofsit Daibuun: safng, sofng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /saŋ³³/, /sɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /saŋ⁴⁴/, /sɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• sang - vernacular;
• song - literary.

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 鬆
Mandarin	Beijing	/suŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/suŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/suŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/suŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/səŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/suŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/suŋ²¹/
	Xining	/suə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/suŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/sũn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/suŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/soŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/soŋ⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/soŋ⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/soŋ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/soŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/səŋ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/suəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/suŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/sũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/soŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/soŋ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/soŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/soŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/sʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/san¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/soŋ³³/
	Xiangtan	/sən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/suŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/suŋ⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/suŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/soŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/ɬuŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/suŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/sɔŋ⁵⁵/ /saŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/søyŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/sɔŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/soŋ³³/ /saŋ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/soŋ²³/ /taŋ²³/ /saŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: /suoŋ/, /sɨoŋ/, /t͡sʰɨoŋ/

Rime
Character	鬆	鬆	鬆
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4
Initial (聲)	心 (16)	心 (16)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	冬 (5)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	III
Fanqie	私宗切	息恭切	七恭切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suoŋ/	/sɨoŋ/	/t͡sʰɨoŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/suoŋ/	/sioŋ/	/t͡sʰioŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/soŋ/	/sioŋ/	/t͡sʰioŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sawŋ/	/suawŋ/	/t͡sʰuawŋ/
Li Rong	/soŋ/	/sioŋ/	/t͡sʰioŋ/
Wang Li	/suoŋ/	/sĭwoŋ/	/t͡sʰĭwoŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/suoŋ/	/si̯woŋ/	/t͡sʰi̯woŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sōng	sōng	cōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sung1	sung1	cung1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰluːŋ/, /*skʰloŋ/, /*sqʰloŋ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬆	鬆	鬆
Reading #	2/4	3/4	4/4
No.	4104	4108	4111
Phonetic component	公	公	公
Rime group	終	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	鬆	樅	蜙
Old Chinese	/*sqʰluːŋ/	/*skʰloŋ/	/*sqʰloŋ/

Definitions

鬆

1. loose (not fixed in place tightly)
2. to loosen; to relax
3. useless
4. dried minced meat
5. (Cantonese) to leave

Compounds

• 不放鬆／不放松
• 亂鬆鬆／乱松松
• 寬鬆／宽松 (kuānsōng)
• 弄鬆／弄松
• 急鬆鬆／急松松
• 懈鬆／懈松
• 手鬆／手松
• 放鬆／放松 (fàngsōng)
• 浮鬆／浮松
• 濛鬆雨／蒙松雨
• 疏鬆／疏松 (shūsōng)
• 發鬆／发松
• 皮鬆／皮松
• 皮鬆肉緊／皮松肉紧
• 皮鬆骨癢／皮松骨痒
• 稀鬆／稀松 (xīsōng)

• 稀鬆平常／稀松平常
• 精鬆／精松
• 翻鬆／翻松
• 肉鬆／肉松 (ròusōng)
• 蓬鬆／蓬松 (péngsōng)
• 輕鬆／轻松 (qīngsōng)
• 輕鬆自在／轻松自在
• 輕鬆自如／轻松自如
• 髼鬆／髼松
• 鬅鬆／鬅松
• 鬆一口氣／松一口气
• 鬆勁／松劲 (sōngjìn)
• 鬆動／松动 (sōngdòng)
• 鬆口／松口 (sōngkǒu)
• 鬆寬／松宽

• 鬆弛／松弛 (sōngchí)
• 鬆快／松快 (sōngkuai)
• 鬆懈／松懈 (sōngxiè)
• 鬆手／松手 (sōngshǒu)
• 鬆散／松散 (sōngsǎn)
• 鬆氣／松气 (sōngqì)
• 鬆綁／松绑
• 鬆緊帶／松紧带 (sōngjǐndài)
• 鬆脆／松脆 (sōngcuì)
• 鬆脫／松脱
• 鬆蛋包／松蛋包
• 鬆軟／松软 (sōngruǎn)
• 鬆通／松通
• 鬆開／松开 (sōngkāi)
• 魚鬆／鱼松 (yúsōng)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sòng (song⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: sòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥˋ
    • Wade–Giles: sung4
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sonq
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊŋ⁵¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /suŋ^H/

Rime
Character	鬆
Reading #	4/4
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蘇弄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/suŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/suŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/suŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/səwŋH/
Li Rong	/suŋH/
Wang Li	/suŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/suŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	sung3

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰloːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鬆
Reading #	1/4
No.	4090
Phonetic component	公
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	送
Old Chinese	/*sqʰloːŋs/

Definitions

鬆

1. Only used in 𩭩鬆.

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 鬆 – see 㞞 (“semen; weak; useless”). (This character, 鬆, is a variant form of 㞞.)

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Japanese

Kanji

鬆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: しゅ (shu); そう (sō)
• Kan-on: しょう (shō); そう (sō)
• Kun: す (su, 鬆)

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Korean

Hanja

鬆 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

鬆: Hán Nôm readings: tông

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.