跑

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跑 U+8DD1, 跑
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8DD1
← 跐
[U+8DD0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 跒 →
[U+8DD2]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
12 strokes

Han character[edit]

跑 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口一心口山 (RMPRU), four-corner 67112, composition ⿰𧾷包)

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1223, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37461
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1695, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3697, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+8DD1

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 跑

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (勹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
袍 *buː
袌 *buː, *buːs
軳 *buː
抱 *buːʔ
勽 *buːs, *mɯnʔ
菢 *buːs
勹 *pruː
包 *pruː
胞 *pruː, *pʰruː
苞 *pruː
枹 *pruː, *bu, *bu
飽 *pruːʔ
泡 *pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː
炮 *pʰruːs, *bruː
皰 *pʰruːs, *bruːs
疱 *pʰruːs, *bruːs
跑 *bruː, *bruːɡ
咆 *bruː
庖 *bruː
匏 *bruː
刨 *bruː
狍 *bruː
炰 *bruː
鉋 *bruː, *bruːs
瓟 *bruː, *bruːɡ
颮 *bruː, *pʰruːɡ
鞄 *bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ
鮑 *bruːʔ
骲 *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ
玸 *bu
雹 *bruːɡ
窇 *bruːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bruː, *bruːɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).

Etymology 1[edit]

Compare Proto-Loloish *paw¹ (“to flee”) (Schuessler, 2007).

The computing sense is a semantic loan from English run.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: pâu - rare, literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 跑
Mandarin Beijing /pʰɑu²¹⁴/
Harbin /pʰau²¹³/
Tianjin /pʰɑu¹³/
Jinan /pʰɔ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /pʰɔ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /pʰau⁵³/
Xi'an /pʰau²⁴/ ～腿
/pʰau⁵³/ ～電
Xining /pʰɔ⁵³/
Yinchuan /pʰɔ⁵³/
Lanzhou /pʰɔ⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /pʰɔ⁵¹/
Wuhan /pʰau²¹³/
Chengdu /pʰau⁵³/
Guiyang /pʰao⁴²/
Kunming /pʰɔ⁵³/
Nanjing /pʰɔo²¹²/
Hefei /pʰɔ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /pʰau⁵³/
Pingyao /pʰɔ⁵³/
Hohhot /pʰɔ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /bɔ²³/
Suzhou /bæ¹³/
Hangzhou /bɔ²¹³/
Wenzhou /pʰuɔ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /pʰɔ⁴⁴/
Tunxi
Xiang Changsha /pʰau⁴¹/
Xiangtan /paɯ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /pʰɑu²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /pʰau⁴⁴/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰau³⁵/
Nanning /pʰau³⁵/
/pʰɛu³⁵/
Hong Kong /pʰau³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pʰau⁵³/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /pʰau⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /pʰau²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /pʰau⁵³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /fau³⁵/

Definitions[edit]

跑

  1. to run
  2. to run away; to flee
  3. (dialectal) to walk; to stroll; to go to
  4. to rush about; to make the rounds; to be busy
  5. to leak; to evaporate
  6. to go away; to be gone; to be lost
    我先跑了。 [Shanghainese, trad. and simp.]
    6ngu 1shi 6bau-leq [Wugniu]
    I'm leaving now.
  7. (computing, colloquial) to run (a program)
  8. (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) well-liked; popular
  9. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to steal and run away
    跑人的錢／跑人的钱 [Hokkien]  ―  pháu lâng ê chîⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to steal other's money and run away
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 跑 (“to run”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 走
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 跑, 跑步
Mandarin Beijing 跑
Taiwan 跑
Harbin 跑
Yantai (Muping) 跑
Jinan 跑
Wanrong 跑
Xi'an 跑
Yinchuan 跑
Xining 跑
Ürümqi 跑
Wuhan 跑
Chengdu 跑
Guiyang 跑
Guilin 跑
Liuzhou 跑
Yangzhou 跑, 奔
Hefei 跑
Malaysia 跑
Singapore 跑
Cantonese Guangzhou 走
Hong Kong 走, 跑
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 走
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 走
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 飆
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 走
Macau 走, 跑
Guangzhou (Panyu) 走
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 走
Guangzhou (Conghua) 走
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 走
Foshan 走
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 趯起
Foshan (Shunde) 走
Foshan (Sanshui) 走
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 跑
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 走
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 走
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 走
Zhuhai (Doumen) 走
Jiangmen (Baisha) 走
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 走
Taishan 走
Kaiping (Chikan) 走
Enping (Niujiang) 走
Heshan (Yayao) 跑
Dongguan 走
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 走
Qingyuan 跑
Hepu (Lianzhou) 走
Hepu (Shatian) 走
Beihai 走
Beihai (Nankang) 走
Beihai (Yingpan) 走
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 走, 跑
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 走, 跑
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 走, 跑
Danzhou 走
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 走, 跑
Singapore (Guangfu) 走, 跑
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 走
Móng Cái 走, 跑
Gan Nanchang 跑
Hakka Meixian 䞰, 走
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 飆
Dongguan (Qingxi) 走
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 走
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 走
Conghua (Lütian) 跑步
Yudu 跑
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 走
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 走
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 走
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 走
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 走
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 走
Hong Kong 走
Senai (Huiyang) 飆
Jin Taiyuan 跑
Xinzhou 跑
Northern Min Jian'ou 走
Eastern Min Fuzhou 䟛
Changle 䟛
Lianjiang 䟛
Fuqing 䟛
Yongtai 䟛
Gutian 走
Pingnan 走
Luoyuan 䟛
Fu'an 走
Ningde 走
Xiapu 䟛
Zherong 跳
Shouning 跳
Zhouning 走
Fuding 跳
Matsu 䟛
Southern Min Xiamen 走
Quanzhou 走
Zhangzhou 走
Taipei 走
Kaohsiung 走
Tainan 走
Kinmen 走
Penghu (Magong) 走
Penang (Hokkien) 走
Singapore (Hokkien) 走
Manila (Hokkien) 走
Chaozhou 走
Shantou 走
Jieyang 走
Haifeng 走
Bangkok (Teochew) 走
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 走
Singapore (Teochew) 走
Pontianak (Teochew) 走
Leizhou 走
Wenchang 走
Haikou 走
Qionghai 走
Singapore (Hainanese) 走
Puxian Min Putian 走
Putian (Donghai) 走
Putian (Jiangkou) 走
Putian (Nanri) 走
Xianyou 走
Xianyou (Fengting) 走
Xianyou (Youyang) 走
Central Min Yanping (Wangtai) 走
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 跑, 走
Wu Shanghai 奔, 跑
Suzhou 奔, 跑
Hangzhou 跑
Ningbo 奔
Wenzhou 射
Jinhua 溜
Xiang Changsha 跑, 打飛腳
Shuangfeng 打飛腳, 跑
Dialectal synonyms of 走 (“to walk”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 行, 步
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 走
Mandarin Beijing 走
Taiwan 走
Harbin 走
Yantai (Muping) 走
Jinan 走
Wanrong 走
Xi'an 走
Yinchuan 走
Xining 走
Ürümqi 走
Wuhan 走
Chengdu 走
Guiyang 走
Guilin 走
Liuzhou 走
Xuzhou 跑
Yangzhou 走
Nanjing 走
Hefei 走
Malaysia 走
Singapore 走
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 走
Cantonese Guangzhou 行
Hong Kong 行
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 行
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 行
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 行
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 行
Macau 行
Guangzhou (Panyu) 行
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 行
Guangzhou (Conghua) 行
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 行
Foshan 行
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 行
Foshan (Shunde) 行
Foshan (Sanshui) 行
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 行
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 行
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 行
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 行
Zhuhai (Doumen) 行
Jiangmen (Baisha) 行
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 行
Taishan 行
Kaiping (Chikan) 行
Enping (Niujiang) 行
Heshan (Yayao) 行
Dongguan 行
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 行
Qingyuan 行
Fogang 行
Yingde (Hanguang) 行
Yangshan 行
Lianshan (Butian) 去, 行
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 走
Shaoguan 行
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 行
Renhua 行
Lechang 行
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 行
Sihui 行
Guangning 行
Deqing 行
Huaiji 行
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 行
Yunfu 行
Xinxing 行
Luoding 行
Yunan (Pingtai) 行
Yangjiang 行
Xinyi 行
Maoming (Xinpo) 行
Lianjiang 行
Nanning 行
Hepu (Lianzhou) 行
Hepu (Shatian) 行
Beihai 行
Beihai (Nankang) 行
Beihai (Yingpan) 行
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 行
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 行
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 行
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 行
Singapore (Guangfu) 行
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 行
Móng Cái 行
Gan Nanchang 走
Pingxiang 走
Hakka Meixian 行
Xingning 行
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 行
Huiyang 行
Huidong (Daling) 行
Dongguan (Qingxi) 行
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 行
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 行
Wuhua (Huacheng) 行
Heyuan (Bendihua) 行
Wengyuan 行
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 行
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 行
Liannan 行
Conghua (Lütian) 行
Jiexi 行
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 行
Changting 行
Wuping 行
Wuping (Yanqian) 行
Wuping (Pingyu) 行
Liancheng 行
Ninghua 行
Yudu 走, 行
Ningdu 走
Ruijin 行
Shicheng 行
Shangyou (Shexi) 走
Tonggu (Sandu) 走
Ganzhou (Panlong) 走
Dayu 走
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 行
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 行
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 行
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 行
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 行
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 行
Hong Kong 行
Yangxi (Tangkou) 行
Yangchun (Sanjia) 行
Xinyi (Sihe) 行
Xinyi (Qianpai) 行
Gaozhou (Xindong) 走
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 走
Huazhou (Xin'an) 行
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 行
Lianjiang (Qingping) 行
Mengshan (Xihe) 行
Luchuan 走
Senai (Huiyang) 行
Kuching (Hepo) 行
Huizhou Jixi 行
Jin Taiyuan 走
Xinzhou 走
Northern Min Jian'ou 行
Songxi 行
Zhenghe 行
Jianyang 行
Wuyishan 行
Eastern Min Fuzhou 行
Changle 行
Lianjiang 行
Fuqing 行
Pingtan 行
Yongtai 行
Minqing 行
Gutian 行
Pingnan 行
Luoyuan 行
Fu'an 行
Ningde 行
Xiapu 行
Zherong 行
Shouning 走, 行
Zhouning 行
Fuding 走
Matsu 行
Singapore (Fuqing) 行
Southern Min Xiamen 行
Xiamen (Tong'an) 行
Quanzhou 行
Jinjiang 行
Nan'an 行
Shishi 行
Hui'an 行
Anxi 行
Yongchun 行
Dehua 行
Zhangzhou 行
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 行
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 行
Hua'an 行
Nanjing 行
Pinghe 行
Zhangpu 行
Yunxiao 行
Zhao'an 行
Dongshan 行
Taipei 行
New Taipei (Sanxia) 行
Kaohsiung 行
Tainan 行
Kinmen 行
Penghu (Magong) 行
Penang (Hokkien) 行
Singapore (Hokkien) 行
Manila (Hokkien) 行
Longyan 行
Zhangping 行
Datian 行
Chaozhou 行
Raoping 行
Shantou 行
Shantou (Chenghai) 行
Jieyang 行
Haifeng 行
Bangkok (Teochew) 行
Phnom Penh (Teochew) 行
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 行
Singapore (Teochew) 行
Pontianak (Teochew) 行
Leizhou 行
Wenchang 行
Haikou 行
Singapore (Hainanese) 行
Puxian Min Putian 行
Putian (Donghai) 行
Putian (Jiangkou) 行
Putian (Nanri) 行
Xianyou 行
Xianyou (Fengting) 行
Xianyou (Youyang) 行
Central Min Yong'an 行
Sanyuan 行
Shaxian 行
Yanping (Wangtai) 行
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 行, 走
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 行
Shehua Fu'an 行
Fuding 行
Luoyuan 行
Sanming 行
Shunchang 行
Hua'an 行
Guixi (Zhangping) 行
Cangnan 行
Jingning 行
Lishui 行
Longyou 行
Chaozhou 行
Fengshun 行
Wu Shanghai 走, 跑
Shanghai (Chongming) 跑
Suzhou 走, 跑
Danyang 行
Hangzhou 走, 跑
Ningbo 走, 行 dated
Wenzhou 走, 行
Jinhua 走, 蹩
Xiang Changsha 走
Shuangfeng 行
Dialectal synonyms of 走 (“to leave (intransitive)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 走, 離開, 離去
Mandarin Taiwan 走, 離開
Jinan 走
Wanrong 走
Xi'an 走
Yinchuan 走
Xining 走
Ürümqi 走
Wuhan 走
Chengdu 走
Guiyang 走
Nanjing 走
Singapore 走, 離開
Cantonese Guangzhou 走, 扯
Hong Kong 走, 扯, 撇, 閃, 𨅝, 鬆, 撇s
Penang (Guangfu) 走
Singapore (Guangfu) 走, 扯
Gan Nanchang 走
Hakka Meixian 走
Yudu 走
Jin Taiyuan 走
Southern Min Taipei 走 GT
Singapore (Hokkien) 走
Manila (Hokkien) 行
Singapore (Teochew) 走
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 走, 行
Wu Shanghai 跑, 走
Danyang 走
Hangzhou 走
Jinhua 走
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 跑
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 肴 (90)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 薄交切
Baxter baew
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bˠau/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bᵚau/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bau/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/baɨw/
Li
Rong 		/bau/
Wang
Li 		/bau/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱau/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		páo
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		paau4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 跑
Reading # 1/2
No. 284
Phonetic
component 		勹
Rime
group 		幽
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		庖
Old
Chinese 		/*bruː/
Notes 見釋名

Definitions[edit]

跑

  1. (of an animal) to paw the earth

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 跑
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 江 (10)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 蒲角切
Baxter baewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bˠʌk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bᵚɔk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bɔk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/baɨwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/bɔk̚/
Wang
Li 		/bɔk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱɔk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bó
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bok6
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 跑
Reading # 2/2
No. 312
Phonetic
component 		勹
Rime
group 		覺
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		雹
Old
Chinese 		/*bruːɡ/
Notes 見釋名

Definitions[edit]

跑

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

跑

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. run
  2. flee
  3. leave in hurry
  4. trot, trotting

Readings[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

跑 (eumhun 허빌 포 (heobil po))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

跑: Hán Nôm readings: bão, bào

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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