来

See also: 來, 夹, and 釆

来 U+6765, 来 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6765 ← 杤 [U+6764] CJK Unified Ideographs 杦 → [U+6766]

Translingual

Traditional	來
Simplified	来
Japanese	来
Korean	來

Stroke order

Stroke order

Glyph origin

Variant of 來.

Han character

来 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木廿 (DT), composition ⿻未丷 or ⿻木䒑 or ⿻一米)

Derived characters

• 俫 崃 徕 涞 梾 睐 𪎌 铼 𣑎 𣘾 𣜻 赉 莱 慭

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: not present, would follow page 513, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14489
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 21, character 9
• Unihan data for U+6765

Chinese

For pronunciation and definitions of 来 – see 來 (“to come; to arrive; to happen; to occur; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 來).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Shinjitai	来
Kyūjitai	來

Kanji

来

(Second grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 來)

Readings

• Go-on: らい (rai, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: らい (rai, Jōyō)
• Kun: くる (kuru, 来る, Jōyō)、きたる (kitaru, 来る, Jōyō)、きたす (kitasu, 来す, Jōyō)、きし (kishi, 来し)、こし (koshi, 来し)
• Nanori: き (ki)、こ (ko)、な (na)、ゆき (yuki)

Compounds

• 再来(さらい) (sarai-)
• 出来(しゅったい) (shuttai)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
来
らい Grade: 2
on'yomi

Alternative spelling
來 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 來 (MC loj).

Compare modern Mandarin 來／来 (lái).

Pronunciation

(Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this pronunciation?)

• (Tokyo) らい [ráꜜì] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ɾa̠i]

Prefix

来(らい) • (rai-) 

1. next..., coming...

Derived terms

• 来(らい)夏(か) (raika)
• 来(らい)月(げつ) (raigetsu)
• 来(らい)日(じつ) (raijitsu)
• 来(らい)秋(しゅう) (raishū)
• 来(らい)週(しゅう) (raishū)
• 来(らい)春(しゅん) (raishun)
• 来(らい)冬(とう) (raitō)
• 来(らい)年(ねん) (rainen)
• 来(らい)春(はる) (raiharu)

Suffix

来(らい) • (-rai) 

1. since..., in...
   • 1944, Osamu Dazai, Tsugaru:

     この二(に)、三(さん)年(ねん)来(らい)、私(わたし)は青(あお)森(もり)市(し)へ二(に)、三(さん)度(ど)行(い)ったが...

     Kono ni, sannen-rai, watashi wa Aomori-shi e ni, sando itta ga

     I went to Aomori two or three times in the past two or three years...

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Affix

来(らい) • (rai) 

1. coming, arriving
2. coming, approaching, passing
3. from (some point in the) past to present
4. coming in time

Derived terms

• 来(らい)意(い) (raī)
• 来(らい)客(きゃく) (raikyaku)
• 来(らい)迎(ごう) (raigō)
• 来(らい)書(しょ) (raisho)
• 来(らい)状(じょう) (raijō)
• 来(らい)信(しん) (raishin)
• 来(らい)世(せ) (raise)
• 来(らい)日(にち) (rainichi)
• 来(らい)賓(ひん) (raihin)
• 来(らい)訪(ほう) (raihō)
• 来(らい)由(ゆ) (raiyu)
• 来(らい)歴(れき) (raireki)
• 以(い)来(らい) (irai)
• 遠(えん)来(らい) (enrai)
• 往(おう)来(らい) (ōrai)
• 外(がい)来(らい) (gairai)
• 元(がん)来(らい) (ganrai)
• 近(きん)来(らい) (kinrai)
• 古(こ)来(らい) (korai)
• 再(さい)来(らい) (sairai)
• 在(ざい)来(らい) (zairai)
• 爾(じ)来(らい) (jirai)
• 襲(しゅう)来(らい) (shūrai)
• 従(じゅう)来(らい) (jūrai)
• 招(しょう)来(らい) (shōrai)
• 将(しょう)来(らい) (shōrai)
• 新(しん)来(らい) (shinrai)
• 生(せい)来(らい) (seirai)
• 帰(き)来(らい) (kirai)
• 去(きょ)来(らい) (kyorai)
• 光(こう)来(らい), 高(こう)来(らい) (kōrai)
• 伝(でん)来(らい) (denrai)
• 渡(と)来(らい) (torai)
• 当(とう)来(らい) (tōrai)
• 到(とう)来(らい) (tōrai)
• 淘(とう)来(らい) (tōrai)
• 年(ねん)来(らい) (nenrai)
• 舶(はく)来(らい) (hakurai)
• 飛(ひ)来(らい) (hirai)
• 本(ほん)来(らい) (honrai)
• 未(み)来(らい) (mirai)
• 夜(や)来(らい) (yarai)
• 由(ゆ)来(らい) (yurai)
• 帰(き)去(きょ)来(らい) (kikyorai)

Proper noun

来(らい) • (Rai) 

1. a surname, especially of those descended from swordsmiths arriving from Goryeo around the mid-Kamakura period

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
来
き Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
來 (kyūjitai)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) き [kíꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [kʲi]

Verb

来(き) • (ki) 

1. stem or continuative form of 来る (kuru)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
来
く Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
來 (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese 來 (ku).

Verb

来(く) • (ku) intransitive ^†-ko

1. (archaic, obsolete) to come (approach one’s position from a remote location, specifically towards the speaker)
2. (archaic, obsolete) to go (to a direction or place far from the speaker but near the listener)
3. (archaic, suffixed to the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem form”) of a verb) to gradually begin to [verb]

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "来" (カ行変格活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	来	こ	ko
Continuative (連用形)	来	き	ki
Terminal (終止形)	来	く	ku
Attributive (連体形)	来る	くる	kuru
Realis (已然形)	来れ	くれ	kure
Imperative (命令形)	来 来よ	こ こよ	ko koyo
Key constructions
Negative	来ず	こず	kozu
Contrasting conjunction	来れど	くれど	kuredo
Causal conjunction	来れば	くれば	kureba
Conditional conjunction	来ば	こば	koba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	来し[1] 来し[1]	こし きし	kosi kisi
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	来けり	きけり	kikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	来つ	きつ	kitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	来ぬ	きぬ	kinu
Perfect-continuative tense	来たり	きたり	kitari
Volitional	来む	こむ	komu
[1]Attributive form, as the terminal form (lemma) does not exist for this construction in this conjugation.

Derived terms

• 来(く)る (kuru, modern form)
• 来(きた)す (kitasu)
• 来(きた)る (kitaru)
• 来(き)訪(とぶら)ふ (kitoburau)
• 帰(かえ)り来(く) (kaeriku)