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kuru

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Kuru, kurů, kůru, kůrů, kūru, and ǁkuru

English

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English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

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From Fore kúru (literally trembling, shivering).[1][2] Perhaps eventually from Proto-Gorokan *kút(V) (“dangling, shaking”) if cognate with the reduplicated element of Yagaria gúli gúli hu- (be loose, rattle).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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kuru (uncountable)

  1. A chronic, progressive, fatal central nervous system disease found mainly among the Fore and neighboring peoples of New Guinea, caused by a prion that probably resembles the scrapie agent of sheep, transmissible to nonhuman primates, and believed to be transmitted by ritual cannibalism.
    Synonyms: laughing death, laughing sickness
    • 1999, Matt Ridley, Genome, Harper Perennial, published 2004, page 273:
      By the late 1950s, kuru was the leading cause of death among Fore women, and it had killed so many that men outnumbered women by three to one.

Translations

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References

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  1. ^ Scott, Graham (1978), The Fore Language of Papua New Guinea, Pacific Linguistics, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 2, 6
  2. ^ Zigas, V.; Gajdusek, D. C. (23 November 1957), “Kuru: Clinical study of a new syndrome resembling paralysis agitans in natives of the Eastern Highlands of Australian New Guinea”, in Medical Journal of Australia, volume 2, number 21, →DOI, pages 745-754

Anagrams

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Ainu

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Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kuru (Kana spelling クル, plural utara)

  1. (with modifiers) person

Usage notes

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This word is similar in usage to Japanese (もの) (mono), in the sense that it cannot stand in a sentence as an independent word and is never used without a modifier.

See also

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  • pe (thing)

Ajië

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Verb

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kuru

  1. sleep

References

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  • Handschuh, Corinna (2014), A typology of marked-S languages

Bokar

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Noun

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kuru

  1. donkey

References

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  • 欧阳觉亚 (1985), “kuru”, in 珞巴族語言简志:崩尼-博嘎尔语[1], Beijing: 民族出版社, →OCLC, page 95

Czech

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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kuru

  1. dative/locative singular of kur

Esperanto

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Pronunciation

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Verb

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kuru

  1. imperative of kuri

Fijian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Central-Pacific *kuru, from Proto-Oceanic *kuruq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *guruq.

Noun

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kuru (plural kurukuru)

  1. thunder (sound caused by a lightning)

Finnish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈkuru/, [ˈkuru]
  • Rhymes: -uru
  • Syllabification(key): ku‧ru
  • Hyphenation(key): ku‧ru

Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Finnic *kuru (compare Estonian kuru), from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kure (compare Komi-Zyrian кыр (kyr), Eastern Mari курык (kuryk), Eastern Khanty кор (kor)).

    Noun

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    kuru

    1. (geography) ravine, flume, gulch, gorge (narrow V-shaped valley, often with water running through)
      Hypernym: rotko
    2. canyon
      Synonyms: kanjoni, rotko
    Declension
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    Inflection of kuru (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
    nominative kuru kurut
    genitive kurun kurujen
    partitive kurua kuruja
    illative kuruun kuruihin
    singular plural
    nominative kuru kurut
    accusative nom. kuru kurut
    gen. kurun
    genitive kurun kurujen
    partitive kurua kuruja
    inessive kurussa kuruissa
    elative kurusta kuruista
    illative kuruun kuruihin
    adessive kurulla kuruilla
    ablative kurulta kuruilta
    allative kurulle kuruille
    essive kuruna kuruina
    translative kuruksi kuruiksi
    abessive kurutta kuruitta
    instructive kuruin
    comitative See the possessive forms below.
    Possessive forms of kuru (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
    first-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative kuruni kuruni
    accusative nom. kuruni kuruni
    gen. kuruni
    genitive kuruni kurujeni
    partitive kuruani kurujani
    inessive kurussani kuruissani
    elative kurustani kuruistani
    illative kuruuni kuruihini
    adessive kurullani kuruillani
    ablative kurultani kuruiltani
    allative kurulleni kuruilleni
    essive kurunani kuruinani
    translative kurukseni kuruikseni
    abessive kuruttani kuruittani
    instructive
    comitative kuruineni
    second-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative kurusi kurusi
    accusative nom. kurusi kurusi
    gen. kurusi
    genitive kurusi kurujesi
    partitive kuruasi kurujasi
    inessive kurussasi kuruissasi
    elative kurustasi kuruistasi
    illative kuruusi kuruihisi
    adessive kurullasi kuruillasi
    ablative kurultasi kuruiltasi
    allative kurullesi kuruillesi
    essive kurunasi kuruinasi
    translative kuruksesi kuruiksesi
    abessive kuruttasi kuruittasi
    instructive
    comitative kuruinesi
    first-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative kurumme kurumme
    accusative nom. kurumme kurumme
    gen. kurumme
    genitive kurumme kurujemme
    partitive kuruamme kurujamme
    inessive kurussamme kuruissamme
    elative kurustamme kuruistamme
    illative kuruumme kuruihimme
    adessive kurullamme kuruillamme
    ablative kurultamme kuruiltamme
    allative kurullemme kuruillemme
    essive kurunamme kuruinamme
    translative kuruksemme kuruiksemme
    abessive kuruttamme kuruittamme
    instructive
    comitative kuruinemme
    second-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative kurunne kurunne
    accusative nom. kurunne kurunne
    gen. kurunne
    genitive kurunne kurujenne
    partitive kuruanne kurujanne
    inessive kurussanne kuruissanne
    elative kurustanne kuruistanne
    illative kuruunne kuruihinne
    adessive kurullanne kuruillanne
    ablative kurultanne kuruiltanne
    allative kurullenne kuruillenne
    essive kurunanne kuruinanne
    translative kuruksenne kuruiksenne
    abessive kuruttanne kuruittanne
    instructive
    comitative kuruinenne
    Derived terms
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    compounds

    Further reading

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    Etymology 2

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    From English kuru, from Fore kúru (trembling, shivering; kuru).

    Noun

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    kuru

    1. (pathology) kuru
    Declension
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    Inflection of kuru (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
    nominative kuru
    genitive kurun
    partitive kurua
    illative kuruun
    singular plural
    nominative kuru
    accusative nom. kuru
    gen. kurun
    genitive kurun
    partitive kurua
    inessive kurussa
    elative kurusta
    illative kuruun
    adessive kurulla
    ablative kurulta
    allative kurulle
    essive kuruna
    translative kuruksi
    abessive kurutta
    instructive
    comitative See the possessive forms below.
    Possessive forms of kuru (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
    first-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative kuruni
    accusative nom. kuruni
    gen. kuruni
    genitive kuruni
    partitive kuruani
    inessive kurussani
    elative kurustani
    illative kuruuni
    adessive kurullani
    ablative kurultani
    allative kurulleni
    essive kurunani
    translative kurukseni
    abessive kuruttani
    instructive
    comitative
    second-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative kurusi
    accusative nom. kurusi
    gen. kurusi
    genitive kurusi
    partitive kuruasi
    inessive kurussasi
    elative kurustasi
    illative kuruusi
    adessive kurullasi
    ablative kurultasi
    allative kurullesi
    essive kurunasi
    translative kuruksesi
    abessive kuruttasi
    instructive
    comitative
    first-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative kurumme
    accusative nom. kurumme
    gen. kurumme
    genitive kurumme
    partitive kuruamme
    inessive kurussamme
    elative kurustamme
    illative kuruumme
    adessive kurullamme
    ablative kurultamme
    allative kurullemme
    essive kurunamme
    translative kuruksemme
    abessive kuruttamme
    instructive
    comitative
    second-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative kurunne
    accusative nom. kurunne
    gen. kurunne
    genitive kurunne
    partitive kuruanne
    inessive kurussanne
    elative kurustanne
    illative kuruunne
    adessive kurullanne
    ablative kurultanne
    allative kurullenne
    essive kurunanne
    translative kuruksenne
    abessive kuruttanne
    instructive
    comitative
    third-person possessor
    singular plural
    nominative kurunsa
    accusative nom. kurunsa
    gen. kurunsa
    genitive kurunsa
    partitive kuruaan
    kuruansa
    inessive kurussaan
    kurussansa
    elative kurustaan
    kurustansa
    illative kuruunsa
    adessive kurullaan
    kurullansa
    ablative kurultaan
    kurultansa
    allative kurulleen
    kurullensa
    essive kurunaan
    kurunansa
    translative kurukseen
    kuruksensa
    abessive kuruttaan
    kuruttansa
    instructive
    comitative

    See also

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    Anagrams

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    Guinea-Bissau Creole

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    Etymology

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    From Portuguese couro.

    Noun

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    kuru

    1. skin
    2. leather

    Japanese

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    Romanization

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    kuru

    1. Rōmaji transcription of くる

    Javanese

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    Alternative forms

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    Adjective

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    kuru (ngoko kuru, krama kera)

    1. skinny

    Kwama

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    Etymology

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    Cognate with Komo kura (donkey).

    Noun

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    kuru

    1. donkey

    References

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    • Goldberg, Justin; Asadik, Habte; Bekama, Jiregna; Mengistu, Mulat (2016), Gwama – English Dictionary[3], SIL International

    Latvian

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    Pronoun

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    kuru

    1. inflection of kurš:
      1. accusative/instrumental singular masculine/feminine
      2. genitive plural masculine/feminine

    Verb

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    kuru

    1. first-person singular present indicative of kurt

    Lower Sorbian

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    kuru

    1. accusative singular of kura
    2. instrumental singular of kura

    Maori

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /kuˈru/ [kʉˈɾʉ]

    Etymology 1

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    From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuluʀ. Cognates include Hawaiian ʻulu, Fijian kulu, Malay kulur.

    Noun

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    kuru

    1. breadfruit
      Kīhai te kuru, te niu me te panana i tipu ki Aotearoa nei – he tipu ēnei i mauria haere e ngā tīpuna Māori i ō rātou torotoronga i Te Moananui-a-Kiwa.
      Breadfruit, coconut palms and bananas did not grow in New Zealand – these were plants Māori ancestors carried throughout the Pacific in their explorations.

    Etymology 2

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    From Proto-Nuclear Polynesian *kulu (to strike).

    Verb

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    kuru (passive kurua or kurungia or kurutia)

    1. to strike with a fist; to pound or thump

    Noun

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    kuru

    1. mallet; fragment; hammer-head stone

    Ngan'gityemerri

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    Noun

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    kuru

    1. (Ngan'gimerri) water
      Synonym: (Ngan'gikurunggurr) kuri

    References

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    • Tryon, Darrell T. (1970), An introduction to Maranungku (Northern Australia) (quoted online in ASJP)

    Pitjantjatjara

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    Noun

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    kuru

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Polish

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /ˈku.ru/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes: -uru
    • Syllabification: ku‧ru

    Noun

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    kuru m inan

    1. genitive singular of kur

    Portuguese

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    Etymology

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    Borrowed from Fore kúru (literally trembling, shivering).

    Pronunciation

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    • Rhymes: -u
    • Hyphenation: ku‧ru

    Noun

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    kuru m (uncountable)

    1. (pathology) kuru (central nervous system disease among the Fore people)

    Further reading

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    Quechua

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    Noun

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    kuru

    1. worm, caterpillar

    Declension

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    Declension of kuru
    singular plural
    nominative kuru kurukuna
    accusative kuruta kurukunata
    dative kuruman kurukunaman
    genitive kurup kurukunap
    locative kurupi kurukunapi
    terminative kurukama kurukunakama
    ablative kurumanta kurukunamanta
    instrumental kuruwan kurukunawan
    comitative kuruntin kurukunantin
    abessive kurunnaq kurukunannaq
    comparative kuruhina kurukunahina
    causative kururayku kurukunarayku
    benefactive kurupaq kurukunapaq
    associative kurupura kurukunapura
    distributive kurunka kurukunanka
    exclusive kurulla kurukunalla
    Possessive forms of kuru
    ñuqap - first-person singular
    ñuqap (my) singular plural
    nominative kuruy kuruykuna
    accusative kuruyta kuruykunata
    dative kuruyman kuruykunaman
    genitive kuruypa kuruykunap
    locative kuruypi kuruykunapi
    terminative kuruykama kuruykunakama
    ablative kuruymanta kuruykunamanta
    instrumental kuruywan kuruykunawan
    comitative kuruynintin kuruykunantin
    abessive kuruyninnaq kuruykunannaq
    comparative kuruyhina kuruykunahina
    causative kuruyrayku kuruykunarayku
    benefactive kuruypaq kuruykunapaq
    associative kuruypura kuruykunapura
    distributive kuruyninka kuruykunanka
    exclusive kuruylla kuruykunalla
    paypa - third-person singular
    paypa (his/her/its) singular plural
    nominative kurun kurunkuna
    accusative kurunta kurunkunata
    dative kurunman kurunkunaman
    genitive kurunpa kurunkunap
    locative kurunpi kurunkunapi
    terminative kurunkama kurunkunakama
    ablative kurunmanta kurunkunamanta
    instrumental kurunwan kurunkunawan
    comitative kurunintin kurunkunantin
    abessive kurunninnaq kurunkunannaq
    comparative kurunhina kurunkunahina
    causative kurunrayku kurunkunarayku
    benefactive kurunpaq kurunkunapaq
    associative kurunpura kurunkunapura
    distributive kuruninka kurunkunanka
    exclusive kurunlla kurunkunalla
    ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural
    ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural
    nominative kuruyku kuruykukuna
    accusative kuruykuta kuruykukunata
    dative kuruykuman kuruykukunaman
    genitive kuruykupa kuruykukunap
    locative kuruykupi kuruykukunapi
    terminative kuruykukama kuruykukunakama
    ablative kuruykumanta kuruykukunamanta
    instrumental kuruykuwan kuruykukunawan
    comitative kuruykuntin kuruykukunantin
    abessive kuruykunnaq kuruykukunannaq
    comparative kuruykuhina kuruykukunahina
    causative kuruykurayku kuruykukunarayku
    benefactive kuruykupaq kuruykukunapaq
    associative kuruykupura kuruykukunapura
    distributive kuruykunka kuruykukunanka
    exclusive kuruykulla kuruykukunalla

    Rasawa

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    Noun

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    kuru

    1. woman

    Further reading

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    • Palmer, Bill (2017), The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area, →ISBN, table 95, Comparative basic vocabulary in Lakes Plain Languages, page 531

    Shona

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Bantu *-kʊ́dʊ́.

    Adjective

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    -kúrú

    1. big, large
      Antonym: -diki
    2. great
      Antonym: -diki
    3. adult
      Antonym: -diki

    Inflection

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    Inflected forms of -kúrú
    singular plural
    class 1 mukúrú class 2 vakúrú
    class 3 mukúrú class 4 mikúrú
    class 5 gúrú class 6 makúrú
    class 7 chikúrú class 8 zvikúrú
    class 9 húrú class 10 húrú
    class 11 rukúrú
    class 12 kakúrú class 13 tukúrú
    class 14 ukúrú
    class 15 kukúrú
    locative classes
    class 16 class 17 class 18
    pakúrú kukúrú mukúrú

    Derived terms

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    Slovak

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    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    kuru f

    1. accusative singular of kura

    Tooro

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Bantu *-kʊ́dʊ́.

    Pronunciation

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    Adjective

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    -kuru (declinable)

    1. old, senior
      Antonyms: -to (young), -hyaka (new)

    Declension

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    References

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    • Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary[4], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, pages 374-375

    Tumbuka

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-kʊ́dʊ́.

    Adjective

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    -kuru

    1. big

    Derived terms

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    • mukuru (older sibling of the same sex)
    • ukuru (greatness)

    Turkish

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    Pronunciation

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    • IPA(key): /kuˈɾu/
    • Hyphenation: ku‧ru

    Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Ottoman Turkish قورو (kuru), from Proto-Turkic *kūrug, from Proto-Turkic *kūru-. Cognate with Azerbaijani quru, Tatar коры (qorı), Karachay-Balkar къуру (quru), Uzbek quruq, Uyghur قۇرۇق (quruq), Khakas хуруғ (xuruğ), Chuvash хӑрӑк (hărăk, dry (of wood)).

    Adjective

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    kuru (intensive kupkuru)

    1. dry, arid
      Antonyms: yaş, nemli
    2. emaciated
    3. dried, desiccated, exsiccated, parched
    4. depleted
    5. (of food) without the accompany of other food
    6. (colloquial) skinny
      Synonyms: zayıf, sıska
    7. (figurative) dry, bland, tasteless
      Synonym: tatsız
    8. (figurative) dry, monotone
      Synonym: tekdüze
    Declension
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    Predicative forms of kuru
    present tense
    positive declarative positive interrogative
    ben (I am) kuruyum kuru muyum?
    sen (you are) kurusun kuru musun?
    o (he/she/it is) kuru / kurudur kuru mu?
    biz (we are) kuruyuz kuru muyuz?
    siz (you are) kurusunuz kuru musunuz?
    onlar (they are) kuru(lar) kuru(lar) ?
    past tense
    positive declarative positive interrogative
    ben (I was) kuruydum kuru muydum?
    sen (you were) kuruydun kuru muydun?
    o (he/she/it was) kuruydu kuru muydu?
    biz (we were) kuruyduk kuru muyduk?
    siz (you were) kuruydunuz kuru muydunuz?
    onlar (they were) kuruydular kuru muydular?
    indirect past
    positive declarative positive interrogative
    ben (I was) kuruymuşum kuru muymuşum?
    sen (you were) kuruymuşsun kuru muymuşsun?
    o (he/she/it was) kuruymuş kuru muymuş?
    biz (we were) kuruymuşuz kuru muymuşuz?
    siz (you were) kuruymuşsunuz kuru muymuşsunuz?
    onlar (they were) kuruymuşlar kuru muymuşlar?
    conditional
    positive declarative positive interrogative
    ben (if I) kuruysam kuru muysam?
    sen (if you) kuruysan kuru muysan?
    o (if he/she/it) kuruysa kuru muysa?
    biz (if we) kuruysak kuru muysak?
    siz (if you) kuruysanız kuru muysanız?
    onlar (if they) kuruysalar kuru muysalar?

    For negative forms, use the appropriate form of değil.

    Derived terms
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    Proper nouns
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    Further reading

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    Etymology 2

    [edit]

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Noun

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    kuru

    1. definite accusative singular of kur

    Yoruba

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    Etymology

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    Possibly related to kūrū̀

    Pronunciation

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    Verb

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    kúrú

    1. to be short
      Antonym: ga

    Derived terms

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