kulu

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kulu"

Bambara

Noun

kulu (tone kùlu)

1. hill, mountain, cliff

Derived terms

• kuluba
• kuluda
• kulunin
• kuluwo

References

• Richard Nci Diarra, Lexique bambara-français-anglais, December 13, 2010

Chamicuro

Noun

kulu

1. nose

Chichewa

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-kʊ́dʊ́.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkú.ɽu/

Adjective

-kúlu

1. big
2. great

Derived terms

• likulu (“capital city”)

Finnish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *kulu. Equivalent to kulua (“to wear, be spent”) +‎ -u.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkulu/, [ˈkulu]
• Rhymes: -ulu
• Syllabification^(key): ku‧lu
• Hyphenation^(key): ku‧lu

Noun

kulu

1. (usually in the plural) expense, cost, expenditure
2. (rare) worn out thing; worn out person

Declension

Inflection of kulu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		kulu	kulut
genitive		kulun	kulujen
partitive		kulua	kuluja
illative		kuluun	kuluihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kulu	kulut
accusative	nom.	kulu	kulut
	gen.	kulun
genitive		kulun	kulujen
partitive		kulua	kuluja
inessive		kulussa	kuluissa
elative		kulusta	kuluista
illative		kuluun	kuluihin
adessive		kululla	kuluilla
ablative		kululta	kuluilta
allative		kululle	kuluille
essive		kuluna	kuluina
translative		kuluksi	kuluiksi
abessive		kulutta	kuluitta
instructive		—	kuluin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kulu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kuluni kuluni accusative nom. kuluni kuluni gen. kuluni genitive kuluni kulujeni partitive kuluani kulujani inessive kulussani kuluissani elative kulustani kuluistani illative kuluuni kuluihini adessive kulullani kuluillani ablative kulultani kuluiltani allative kululleni kuluilleni essive kulunani kuluinani translative kulukseni kuluikseni abessive kuluttani kuluittani instructive — — comitative — kuluineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kulusi kulusi accusative nom. kulusi kulusi gen. kulusi genitive kulusi kulujesi partitive kuluasi kulujasi inessive kulussasi kuluissasi elative kulustasi kuluistasi illative kuluusi kuluihisi adessive kulullasi kuluillasi ablative kulultasi kuluiltasi allative kulullesi kuluillesi essive kulunasi kuluinasi translative kuluksesi kuluiksesi abessive kuluttasi kuluittasi instructive — — comitative — kuluinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kulumme kulumme accusative nom. kulumme kulumme gen. kulumme genitive kulumme kulujemme partitive kuluamme kulujamme inessive kulussamme kuluissamme elative kulustamme kuluistamme illative kuluumme kuluihimme adessive kulullamme kuluillamme ablative kulultamme kuluiltamme allative kulullemme kuluillemme essive kulunamme kuluinamme translative kuluksemme kuluiksemme abessive kuluttamme kuluittamme instructive — — comitative — kuluinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kulunne kulunne accusative nom. kulunne kulunne gen. kulunne genitive kulunne kulujenne partitive kuluanne kulujanne inessive kulussanne kuluissanne elative kulustanne kuluistanne illative kuluunne kuluihinne adessive kulullanne kuluillanne ablative kulultanne kuluiltanne allative kulullenne kuluillenne essive kulunanne kuluinanne translative kuluksenne kuluiksenne abessive kuluttanne kuluittanne instructive — — comitative — kuluinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kulunsa kulunsa accusative nom. kulunsa kulunsa gen. kulunsa genitive kulunsa kulujensa partitive kuluaan kuluansa kulujaan kulujansa inessive kulussaan kulussansa kuluissaan kuluissansa elative kulustaan kulustansa kuluistaan kuluistansa illative kuluunsa kuluihinsa adessive kulullaan kulullansa kuluillaan kuluillansa ablative kulultaan kulultansa kuluiltaan kuluiltansa allative kululleen kulullensa kuluilleen kuluillensa essive kulunaan kulunansa kuluinaan kuluinansa translative kulukseen kuluksensa kuluikseen kuluiksensa abessive kuluttaan kuluttansa kuluittaan kuluittansa instructive — — comitative — kuluineen kuluinensa

Synonyms

• (one expenditure): kustannus

Derived terms

compounds

• ajankulu
• asumiskulu
• edustuskulut
• hankintakulut
• ikäkulu
• korjauskulu
• kuluerä
• kulukorvaus
• kunnossapitokulut
• lisäkulut
• lähetyskulut
• lämmityskulut
• lääkekulut
• matkakulu
• oheiskulu
• oikeudenkäyntikulu
• oikeudenkäyntikulut
• pakkauskulut
• palkkakulut
• perimiskulut
• perintäkulu
• piilokulu
• postikulut
• rahtikulut
• ruokakulut
• sairauskulut
• sivukulu
• toimituskulut
• valmistuskulu
• vuosikulu

Further reading

• “kulu”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 14 January 2025

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkuluˣ/, [ˈkulu(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -ulu
• Syllabification^(key): ku‧lu
• Hyphenation^(key): ku‧lu

Verb

kulu

1. inflection of kulua:
   1. present active indicative connegative
   2. second-person singular present imperative
   3. second-person singular present active imperative connegative

Anagrams

• luku, ulku

Hawaiian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈku.lu/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Polynesian *tulu, from Proto-Oceanic *turuq, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tuduq, from Proto-Austronesian *tuduq (“to drip; to leak”).

Noun

kulu

1. a drop
2. a general name for distilled liquor
3. (figurative) a disparaging term for a chief whose mother was said to be a commoner
4. (in extension) dysentery; gonorrhea

Verb

kulu (transitive, intransitive)

1. to drip; to leak
2. to flow (as tears)

Derived terms

• kulukulu (reduplication)
• nakulu (“dripping”)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Polynesian *tulu, from Proto-Oceanic *turus, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *turus (“stake; free-standing post”).

Noun

kulu

1. post; stick (timber used in houses)

Derived terms

• kūkulu

References

• Pukui, Mary Kawena; Elbert, Samuel H. (1986), “kulu”, in Hawaiian Dictionary, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN

Ingrian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Finnic *kulu, equivalent to kullua (“to spend”) +‎ -u. Cognates include Finnish kulu and Estonian kulu.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkulu/, [ˈkuɫu]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkulu/, [ˈkuɫu]
• Rhymes: -ulu
• Hyphenation: ku‧lu

Noun

kulu

1. expense

Declension

Declension of kulu (type 4/koivu, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	kulu	kulut
genitive	kulun	kulluin, kululoin
partitive	kullua	kuluja, kululoja
illative	kulluu	kullui, kululoihe
inessive	kulus	kuluis, kululois
elative	kulust	kuluist, kululoist
allative	kululle	kuluille, kululoille
adessive	kulul	kuluil, kululoil
ablative	kulult	kuluilt, kululoilt
translative	kuluks	kuluiks, kululoiks
essive	kulunna, kulluun	kuluinna, kululoinna, kulluin, kululoin
exessive1)	kulunt	kuluint, kululoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

• mänö

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Estonian kulu. Doublet of kulo, the native equivalent.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkulu/, [ˈkuɫu]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkulu/, [ˈkuɫu]
• Rhymes: -ulu
• Hyphenation: ku‧lu

Noun

kulu

1. synonym of kulo

Declension

Declension of kulu (type 4/koivu, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	kulu	kulut
genitive	kulun	kulluin, kululoin
partitive	kullua	kuluja, kululoja
illative	kulluu	kullui, kululoihe
inessive	kulus	kuluis, kululois
elative	kulust	kuluist, kululoist
allative	kululle	kuluille, kululoille
adessive	kulul	kuluil, kululoil
ablative	kulult	kuluilt, kululoilt
translative	kuluks	kuluiks, kululoiks
essive	kulunna, kulluun	kuluinna, kululoinna, kulluin, kululoin
exessive1)	kulunt	kuluint, kululoint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈkulu/, [ˈkuɫu]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈkulu/, [ˈkuɫu]
• Rhymes: -ulu
• Hyphenation: ku‧lu

Verb

kulu

1. inflection of kullua:
   1. present indicative connegative
   2. second-person singular imperative
   3. second-person singular imperative connegative

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 217

Luguru

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *-kʊ́dʊ́ (“big”).

Adjective

-kulu

1. big

References

• Africa Museum : G35 Luguru, page 1

Ngarla

Noun

kulu

1. louse

References

• Westerlund, T. (2007). A grammatical sketch of Ngarla: A language of Western Australia. Uppsala University.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

Probably related to kållå, a dialectal variant of kole (“fish oil lamp”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʉlʉ/

Noun

kulu f

1. (dialectal, Trøndelag) A fire basket

Synonyms

• lysterkorg

Sikaiana

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *kulu.

Noun

kulu

1. breadfruit

Tetum

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuluʀ, compare Malay kulur.

Noun

kulu

1. breadfruit

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʊˈlu/
• Hyphenation: ku‧lu

Noun

kulu

1. accusative singular of kul
2. third-person singular possessive of kul

Uneapa

Etymology

From Proto-Oceanic *kuluʀ with irregular loss of *ʀ, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kuluʀ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kulu/

Noun

kulu

1. breadfruit

Further reading

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*kuluR”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
• Johnston, R.L. 1982. "Proto-Kimbe and the New Guinea Oceanic hypothesis". In Halim, A., Carrington, L. and Wurm, S.A. editors. Papers from the Third International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Vol. 1: Currents in Oceanic, 59-95.

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kulu, equivalent to kuluda +‎ -u. Cognates include Finnish kulu.

Adjective

kulu

1. worn-out

Inflection

Inflection of kulu (inflection type 1/ilo)
nominative sing.	kulu
genitive sing.	kulun
partitive sing.	kulud
partitive plur.	kuluid
	singular	plural
nominative	kulu	kulud
accusative	kulun	kulud
genitive	kulun	kuluiden
partitive	kulud	kuluid
essive-instructive	kulun	kuluin
translative	kuluks	kuluikš
inessive	kulus	kuluiš
elative	kuluspäi	kuluišpäi
illative	kulhu kuluhu	kuluihe
adessive	kulul	kuluil
ablative	kululpäi	kuluilpäi
allative	kulule	kuluile
abessive	kuluta	kuluita
comitative	kulunke	kuluidenke
prolative	kuludme	kuluidme
approximative I	kulunno	kuluidenno
approximative II	kulunnoks	kuluidennoks
egressive	kulunnopäi	kuluidennopäi
terminative I	kulhusai kuluhusai	kuluihesai
terminative II	kululesai	kuluilesai
terminative III	kulussai	—
additive I	kulhupäi kuluhupäi	kuluihepäi
additive II	kululepäi	kuluilepäi

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “изношенный”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[2], Petrozavodsk: Periodika