穀

See also: 谷, 殻, and 榖

穀 U+7A40, 穀 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7A40 ← 稿 [U+7A3F] CJK Unified Ideographs 穁 → [U+7A41]

Translingual

Han character

穀 (radical 115, 禾+10 in Chinese, 禾+9 in Japanese, 15 strokes in Chinese, 14 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 土木竹弓水 (GDHNE), four-corner 4794₇, composition ⿰⿱⿳士冖一禾殳 (GHTK) or ⿰⿳士冖禾殳 (J))

References

• KangXi: page 858, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 25221
• Dae Jaweon: page 1283, character 14
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2164, character 11
• Unihan data for U+7A40

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Chinese

trad.		穀
simp.		谷*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (殻) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
彀	*koːɡs
鷇	*kʰoːɡs
瞉	*kʰoːɡs
豰	*pɢroːɡ, *qʰoːɡ
瑴	*kroːɡ, *koːɡ
愨	*kʰroːɡ
殼	*kʰroːɡ
觳	*kʰroːɡ, *ɡoːɡ
嗀	*qʰroːɡ, *qʰoːɡ
穀	*kloːɡ
糓	*kloːɡ
轂	*kloːɡ
榖	*kloːɡ
瀔	*koːɡ
縠	*ɡloːɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kloːɡ): semantic 禾 (“grain”) + phonetic 𣪊.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): gǔ (gu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨˇ

  (Chengdu, SP): gu²

• Cantonese (Jyutping): guk¹, huk⁶, gau³
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kuk
• Min Bei (KCR): gŭ
• Min Dong (BUC): gók
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): kok / kak

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gog⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: gǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨˇ
    • Wade–Giles: ku³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guu
    • IPA ^(key): /ku²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: gu²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gu
    • IPA ^(key): /ku²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: guk¹, huk⁶, gau³
    • Yale: gūk, huhk, gau
    • Cantonese Pinyin: guk⁷, huk⁹, gau³
    • Guangdong Romanization: gug¹, hug⁶, geo³
    • IPA ^(key): /kʊk̚⁵/, /hʊk̚²/, /kɐu̯³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kuk
    • Hakka Romanization System: gug`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gug⁵
    • IPA: /kuk̚²/
• Min Bei
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gŭ
    • IPA ^(key): /ku²⁴/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gók
    • IPA ^(key): /kouʔ²⁴/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kok / kak
    • Tâi-lô: kok / kak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kog, kag
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kɔk̚³²/, /kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kɔk̚⁵/, /kak̚⁵/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kɔk̚³²/, /kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kɔk̚³²/, /kak̚³²/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kɔk̚³²/, /kak̚³²/

Note:

• kok - literary;
• kak - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: gog⁴
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kok
  • IPA ^(key): /kok̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: /kuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	穀
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古禄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kəwk̚/
Li Rong	/kuk̚/
Wang Li	/kuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gu

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤok/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kloːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	穀
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ kuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁok/
English	grain
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	穀
Reading #	1/1
No.	7423
Phonetic component	殻
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	穀
Old Chinese	/*kloːɡ/

Definitions

穀

1. corn; grain; cereal
2. ^† salary
3. (regional) paddy; unhulled rice
4. (regional) rice plant
5. ^† good; fine

Compounds

• 不穀／不谷
• 九穀／九谷
• 五穀／五谷 (wǔgǔ)
• 五穀不分／五谷不分
• 五穀不升／五谷不升
• 五穀豐登／五谷丰登
• 五穀豐稔／五谷丰稔
• 包穀／包谷 (bāogǔ)
• 嘉穀／嘉谷
• 嚼穀／嚼谷
• 孤寡不穀／孤寡不谷
• 川穀／川谷
• 布穀／布谷 (bùgǔ)
• 布穀鳥／布谷鸟 (bùgǔniǎo)
• 年穀／年谷
• 息穀／息谷
• 戩穀／戬谷
• 打穀／打谷 (dǎgǔ)
• 打穀機／打谷机

• 撥穀／拨谷
• 晒穀／晒谷
• 晒穀場／晒谷场
• 殖穀／殖谷
• 田穀／田谷
• 百穀／百谷
• 礱穀機／砻谷机
• 稻穀／稻谷 (dàogǔ)
• 穀倉／谷仓 (gǔcāng)
• 穀圭／谷圭
• 穀城／谷城 (Gǔchéng)
• 穀子／谷子 (gǔzi)
• 穀日／谷日
• 穀旦／谷旦
• 穀梁傳／谷梁传
• 穀物／谷物 (gǔwù)
• 穀神星／谷神星 (Gǔshénxīng)
• 穀穀／谷谷

• 穀米／谷米 (gǔmǐ)
• 穀草／谷草 (gǔcǎo)
• 穀賤傷農／谷贱伤农
• 穀道／谷道
• 穀雨／谷雨 (Gǔyǔ)
• 穀類／谷类 (gǔlèi)
• 穀風／谷风
• 穀食／谷食 (gǔshí)
• 積穀／积谷
• 積穀防饑／积谷防饥
• 米穀／米谷
• 脫穀機／脱谷机
• 臧穀亡羊／臧谷亡羊
• 荒年穀／荒年谷
• 辟穀／辟谷 (bìgǔ)
• 辟穀絕粒／辟谷绝粒
• 錢穀／钱谷
• 館穀／馆谷

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Japanese

Shinjitai	穀
Kyūjitai

Kanji

穀

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. grain

Readings

• Go-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: こく (koku, Jōyō)
• Kun: たなつもの (tanatsumono, 穀)

Compounds

Compounds

• 穀食 (こくしょく) (kokushoku): cereal-eating
• 穀草 (こくそう) (kokusō): cereal; grain
• 穀物 (こくもつ) (kokumotsu): cereal; grain
• 穀類 (こくるい) (kokurui): cereal; grain

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Korean

Hanja

穀 • (gok, gu) (hangeul 곡, 구, revised gok, gu, McCune–Reischauer kok, ku, Yale kok, kwu)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

穀 (cốc)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.