飼

See also: 饲

飼 U+98FC, 飼 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98FC ← 飻 [U+98FB] CJK Unified Ideographs 飽 → [U+98FD]

飼 U+FA2B, 飼 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA2B ← 飯 [U+FA2A] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 館 → [U+FA2C]

Translingual

Han character

飼 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+5, 14 strokes in Chinese, 13 strokes in Japanese, Cangjie input 人戈尸一口 (OISMR), four-corner 8772₀, composition ⿰飠司)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1418, character 36
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44107
• Dae Jaweon: page 1942, character 39
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4449, character 2
• Unihan data for U+98FC

• Unihan data for U+FA2B

Chinese

trad.		飼
simp.		饲
alternative forms		食 飤 𩚅

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (司) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
司	*slɯ
伺	*slɯ, *slɯs
覗	*slɯ, *slɯs
笥	*slɯ, *slɯs
詞	*ljɯ
祠	*ljɯ
柌	*ljɯ
嗣	*ljɯs
孠	*ljɯs
飼	*ljɯs
呞	*hljɯ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ljɯs): semantic 食 + phonetic 司 (OC *slɯ).

Etymology

See 食.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sì (si⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ / chhṳ̀

  (Hailu, HRS): ci^˖ / cii

• Eastern Min (BUC): ché
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ci⁴ / so⁵ / ser⁵
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhī / sū / sīr

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ci⁷

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sì
    • Zhuyin: ㄙˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sìh
    • Wade–Giles: ssŭ⁴
    • Yale: sz̀
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: syh
    • Palladius: сы (sy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sz̩⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zi⁶
    • Yale: jih
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ / chhṳ̀
    • Hakka Romanization System: cii / cii^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ci⁴ / ci²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/, /t͡sʰɨ¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: ci^˖ / cii
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi³³/, /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/

Note:

• chhṳ/ci˖ - to feed (e.g. 飼飯);
• chhṳ̀/cii - feeding (e.g. 飼料).

• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ché
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛi²¹³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri, Xianyou, Youyang, Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ci⁴
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chi̍
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰi⁴²/
  • (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: so⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seō
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬo¹¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: so⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬo²¹/
  • (Youyang)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: so⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /θo²¹/
  • (Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ser⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɤ²¹/

Note:

• ci4 - vernacular;
• so5 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhī
    • Tâi-lô: tshī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: chi
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /t͡sʰi⁴¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰi²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰi³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sū
    • Tâi-lô: sū
    • Phofsit Daibuun: su
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /su³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /su²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sīr
    • Tâi-lô: sīr
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ⁴¹/

Note:

• chhī - vernacular;
• sīr/sū - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ci⁷
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshī
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰi¹¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: ziH

Rime
Character	飼
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	祥吏切
Baxter	ziH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/zɨH/
Pan Wuyun	/zɨH/
Shao Rongfen	/zieH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zɨH/
Li Rong	/ziəH/
Wang Li	/zĭəH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ziH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zi6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-m-lək-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ljɯs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	飼
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sì
Middle Chinese	‹ ziH ›
Old Chinese	/*s-m-lək-s/
English	feed (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	飼
Reading #	1/1
No.	11963
Phonetic component	司
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	寺
Old Chinese	/*ljɯs/
Notes	同飤見書孔傳

Definitions

飼

1. to feed; to rear
   • Late Qing/Early Republic, 《古板白蓮花全歌》, volume 2, 潮州 [Chaozhou]: 李萬利, page 3v:

     𡛰妹從此心头開/日夜飼子在深閨 [Teochew, trad.]
     𡛰妹从此心头开/日夜饲子在深闺 [Teochew, simp.]

     zi² muê⁷ cong⁵ ce² sim¹ tao⁵ kui¹ / rig⁸ mê⁵ ci⁷ gian² do⁶ cim¹ gui¹ [Peng'im]

     From then on, the sisters' minds were at ease / Day and night they raised their children in the women's quarters

2. (Southern Min) to support (one's parents, elders, etc.)
3. (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to support (a mistress)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 餵 (“to feed (a person)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		餵, 餵食
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	餵
	Singapore	餵
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	餵
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	餵
	Xi'an	餵
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	餵
	Guilin	餵
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	餵
Cantonese	Guangzhou	餵
	Hong Kong	餵
Gan	Nanchang	餵
	Pingxiang	餵
Hakka	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	飼
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	飼
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	飼
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	飼
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	飼
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	飼
Huizhou	Jixi	餵
Northern Min	Jian'ou	飼
	Songxi	飼
	Zhenghe	飼
	Jianyang	飼
	Wuyishan	飼
	Pucheng (Shibei)	飼
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	飼
Southern Min	Xiamen	飼
	Quanzhou	飼
	Zhangzhou	飼
	Tainan	飼
	Singapore (Hokkien)	飼
	Manila (Hokkien)	飼
	Shantou	飼
	Haikou	飼
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	餵
Wu	Shanghai	餵
	Shanghai (Chongming)	餵
	Jinhua	飼
Xiang	Loudi	餵

Dialectal synonyms of 餵 (“to feed (an animal)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		餵, 餵食
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	餵
	Singapore	餵
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	餵
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	餵
	Xi'an	餵
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	餵
	Guiyang	餵
	Guilin	餵
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	餵
Cantonese	Guangzhou	餼, 餵
	Hong Kong	餵, 餼
	Macau	餵
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	餵
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	餼
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	餼
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	餼
	Foshan	餼
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	餼
	Foshan (Shunde)	餼
	Foshan (Sanshui)	餼
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	餼
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	餵
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	餵
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	餼
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	餼
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	餵
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	餵
	Taishan	餵
	Kaiping (Chikan)	餵
	Enping (Niujiang)	餵
	Heshan (Yayao)	餵
	Dongguan	餼
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	餼
Hakka	Meixian	供
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	分
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	供
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	供
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	供
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	供
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	餵
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	餵
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	供, 餵
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	餵
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	供
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	供
	Hong Kong	供
Northern Min	Jian'ou	飼
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	飼
Southern Min	Xiamen	飼
	Quanzhou	飼
	Zhangzhou	飼
	Tainan	飼
	Singapore (Hokkien)	飼
	Manila (Hokkien)	飼
	Shantou	飼
	Wenchang	飼
	Haikou	飼
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	飼
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	餵
Wu	Shanghai	餵
	Jinhua	飼
Xiang	Loudi	餵

Dialectal synonyms of 養 (“to raise; to rear (animals)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		飼, 養, 畜
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		養, 餵養, 飼養, 畜養
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	養
	Malaysia	養
	Singapore	養
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	養
Central Plains Mandarin	Xuzhou	餵
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	養
Cantonese	Guangzhou	養
	Hong Kong	養
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	養
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	養, 分
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	養
	Taishan	養
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	養
	Singapore (Guangfu)	養
Gan	Nanchang	養
	Lichuan	供
	Pingxiang	養
Hakka	Meixian	養, 畜
	Changting	供
	Wuping	供, 畜
	Liancheng	喂, 供
	Ninghua	供
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	畜, 養
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	畜, 養
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	畜, 養
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	畜, 養
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	畜
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	供
	Hong Kong	養
	Senai (Huiyang)	養
Huizhou	Jixi	供
Jin	Taiyuan	養
Northern Min	Jian'ou	飼
	Songxi	飼
	Zhenghe	飼
	Jianyang	飼
	Wuyishan	飼
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	養, 飼
	Fuzhou (Changle)	養
	Lianjiang	飼
	Fuqing	養
	Pingtan	養, 飼
	Yongtai	養
	Minqing	養, 飼
	Gutian	養, 飼
	Pingnan	飼
	Luoyuan	飼
	Fu'an	飼
	Ningde	飼
	Xiapu	飼
	Zherong	飼
	Shouning	飼
	Zhouning	飼
	Fuding	飼
Southern Min	Xiamen	飼
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	飼
	Quanzhou	飼
	Jinjiang	飼
	Nan'an	飼
	Shishi	飼
	Hui'an	飼
	Anxi	飼
	Yongchun	飼
	Dehua	飼
	Zhangzhou	飼
	Zhangzhou (Longhai)	飼
	Zhangzhou (Changtai)	飼
	Hua'an	飼
	Nanjing	飼
	Pinghe	飼
	Zhangpu	飼
	Yunxiao	飼
	Zhao'an	飼
	Dongshan	飼
	Taipei	飼
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	飼
	Kaohsiung	飼
	Yilan	飼
	Changhua (Lukang)	飼
	Taichung	飼
	Tainan	飼
	Hsinchu	飼
	Kinmen	飼
	Penghu (Magong)	飼
	Penang (Hokkien)	飼
	Singapore (Hokkien)	飼
	Manila (Hokkien)	飼
	Longyan	飼
	Zhangping	飼
	Datian	飼
	Chaozhou	飼
	Shantou	飼
	Jieyang	飼, 養 fish
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	飼
	Singapore (Teochew)	飼
	Leizhou	飼
	Wenchang	飼
	Haikou	飼
Puxian Min	Putian	飼
	Xianyou	飼
Central Min	Yong'an	供
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	供
	Sanming (Shaxian)	供
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	養
Wu	Shanghai	養
	Danyang	養
	Hangzhou	養

Dialectal synonyms of 養 (“to raise; to provide for (people)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		養
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	養
	Singapore	養
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	養
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	養
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	養
Cantonese	Hong Kong	養
	Singapore (Guangfu)	養
Gan	Nanchang	養
	Pingxiang	養
Huizhou	Jixi	養
Jin	Taiyuan	養
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	養
Southern Min	Xiamen	飼
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	飼
	Quanzhou	飼
	Yongchun	飼
	Zhangzhou	飼
	Tainan	飼
	Singapore (Hokkien)	飼
	Manila (Hokkien)	飼
	Chaozhou	飼
	Singapore (Teochew)	飼
	Wenchang	飼
	Haikou	飼
	Qionghai	飼
Wu	Shanghai	養
	Danyang	養
	Hangzhou	養

Compounds

• 一樣米飼百樣人 / 一样米饲百样人
• 穀飼 / 谷饲 (gǔsì)
• 飼主 / 饲主 (sìzhǔ)
• 飼奶 / 饲奶
• 飼料 / 饲料 (sìliào)
• 飼料作物 / 饲料作物
• 飼料奶粉 / 饲料奶粉
• 飼查某 / 饲查某
• 飼槽 / 饲槽 (sìcáo)
• 飼牧 / 饲牧
• 飼猴 / 饲猴
• 飼秣 / 饲秣
• 飼育 / 饲育 (sìyù)
• 飼草 / 饲草
• 飼蠓 / 饲蠓
• 飼養 / 饲养 (sìyǎng)
• 飼養員 / 饲养员 (sìyǎngyuán)
• 飼養業 / 饲养业
• 飼養者 / 饲养者
• 鼻飼 / 鼻饲 (bísì)

Further reading

• “飼”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “饲”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 164.

Japanese

Shinjitai	飼
Kyūjitai	飼 飼 or 飼+︀?
	飼󠄁 飼+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	飼󠄃 飼+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

飼

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 飼)

1. domesticate, raise, keep, feed

Readings

• Go-on: じ (ji)
• Kan-on: し (shi, Jōyō)
• Kun: かう (kau, 飼う, Jōyō)^{←かふ (kafu, 飼ふ, historical)}、かい (kai, 飼い)、かわく (kawaku, 飼く)、やしなう (yashinau, 飼う)^{←やしなふ (yasinafu, 飼ふ, historical)}

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 飼 (MC ziH).

Historical readings

• Recorded as Middle Korean ᄊᆞᆼ〮 (Yale: ssó) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
• Recorded as Middle Korean ᄉᆞ〯 (sǒ) (Yale: sǒ) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [sʰa̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [사]

Hanja

飼 (eumhun 기를 사 (gireul sa))

1. hanja form^? of 사 (“to feed; to raise”)

Compounds

• 건사 (乾飼, geonsa)
• 방사 (放飼, bangsa)
• 분사 (粉飼, bunsa)
• 사견 (飼犬, sagyeon)
• 사량 (飼糧, saryang)
• 사료 (飼料, saryo)
• 사양 (飼養, sayang)
• 사우 (飼牛, sau)
• 사육 (飼育, sayuk)
• 사주 (飼主, saju)
• 사초 (飼草, sacho)
• 사축 (飼畜, sachuk)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

飼: Hán Việt readings: tự
飼: Nôm readings: tự

1. chữ Hán form of tự (“breed, raise, rear”)