祠

祠 U+7960, 祠 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7960 ← 祟 [U+795F] CJK Unified Ideographs 祡 → [U+7961]

Translingual

Han character

祠 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+5, 10 strokes, Cangjie input 戈火尸一口 (IFSMR), four-corner 3722₀, composition ⿰礻司)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 842, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24676
• Dae Jaweon: page 1262, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2395, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7960

Chinese

simp. and trad.		祠

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (司) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
司	*slɯ
伺	*slɯ, *slɯs
覗	*slɯ, *slɯs
笥	*slɯ, *slɯs
詞	*ljɯ
祠	*ljɯ
柌	*ljɯ
嗣	*ljɯs
孠	*ljɯs
飼	*ljɯs
呞	*hljɯ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ljɯ) and ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): semantic 礻 (“divinity”) + phonetic 司 (OC *slɯ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): cí (ci²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): ci²

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): cí

  (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): cí

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ci⁴

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): cai⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): lhu³

• Gan (Wiktionary): ci²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ̀

  (Hailu, HRS): cii

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ci²

• Jin (Wiktionary): si¹
• Northern Min (KCR): cû
• Eastern Min (BUC): sṳ̀
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): so² / ser²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sû / sîr / sî

  (Teochew, Peng'im): se⁵

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): cu⁵

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): zi⁴
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶zy / ²zy / ²dzy / ⁴zy
  • (Jinhua): ²zy
• Xiang

  (Changsha, Wiktionary): zr²

  (Loudi, Wiktionary): zzr²

  (Hengyang, Wiktionary): zr²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cí
    • Zhuyin: ㄘˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cíh
    • Wade–Giles: tzʻŭ²
    • Yale: tsź
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsyr
    • Palladius: цы (cy)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: ci²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: c
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩²¹/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: cí
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
  • (Nanjing)
    • Nanjing Pinyin: cí
    • Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): ci²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰi²⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ci⁴
    • Yale: chìh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsi⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: qi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiː²¹/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: cai⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐi²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: lhu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬu²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: ci²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰz̩²⁴/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ̀
    • Hakka Romanization System: cii^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ci²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: cii
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ci²
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰz̩¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: si¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /sz̩¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sṳ̀
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sy⁵³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Jiangkou, Nanri)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: so²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: seó
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬo¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: so²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬo²⁴/
  • (Youyang)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: so²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /θo²⁴/
  • (Fengting)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ser²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɤ²⁴/
  • (Donghai)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ser²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬɤ¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sû
    • Tâi-lô: sû
    • Phofsit Daibuun: suu
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /su²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /su¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /su²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sîr
    • Tâi-lô: sîr
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /sɯ²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sî
    • Tâi-lô: sî
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sii
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /si²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /si¹³/

Note:

• sû/sîr - literary;
• sî - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: se⁵
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sṳ̂
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɯ⁵⁵/
• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: cu⁵
  • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu²²/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: zi⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡si²¹/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Kunshan, Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zy
    • MiniDict: zy^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zr
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zz̩²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /zz̩²¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /zz̩¹¹³/
  • (Northern: Jiading, Songjiang, Suzhou, Yixing, Changzhou, Jingjiang, Jiaxing, Tongxiang, Haining, Haiyan, Deqing, Xiaoshan, Shaoxing, Cixi, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ²zy
    • MiniDict: zy^平
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /zz̩³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /zz̩³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /zz̩²²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Yixing): /zz̩²²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /zz̩¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jingjiang): /zz̩²¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /zz̩³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Tongxiang): /zz̩²²/
    • Sinological IPA (Haining): /zz̩¹¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Haiyan): /zz̩³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Deqing): /zz̩²¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Xiaoshan): /zz̩¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /zz̩²³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Cixi): /zz̩¹⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /zz̩²²/
  • (Northern: Hangzhou, Fuyang, Shaoxing, Ningbo)
    • Wugniu: ²dzy
    • MiniDict: dzy^平
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /d͡zz̩²³/
    • Sinological IPA (Fuyang): /d͡zz̩¹¹³/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /d͡zz̩²³¹/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /d͡zz̩³¹³/
  • (Northern: Chuansha)
    • Wugniu: ⁴zy
    • Sinological IPA (Chuansha): /zz̩²¹³/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ²zy
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /zz̩³¹³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: zr²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩¹³/
  • (Loudi)
    • Wiktionary: zzr²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /d͡zz̩¹³/
  • (Hengyang)
    • Wiktionary: zr²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩¹¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: zi

Rime
Character	祠
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	之 (19)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	似兹切
Baxter	zi
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/zɨ/
Pan Wuyun	/zɨ/
Shao Rongfen	/zie/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zɨ/
Li Rong	/ziə/
Wang Li	/zĭə/
Bernhard Karlgren	/zi/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ci4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*sə.lə/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ljɯ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	祠
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cí
Middle Chinese	‹ zi ›
Old Chinese	/*sə.lə/
English	sacrifice
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	祠
Reading #	1/1
No.	11959
Phonetic component	司
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	詞
Old Chinese	/*ljɯ/

Definitions

祠

1. ancestral temple
2. (literary) to offer sacrifice
3. (literary) spring sacrifice

Compounds

• 仁祠
• 叢祠 / 丛祠
• 史祠 (Shǐcí)
• 奉祠
• 宗祠 (zōngcí)
• 家祠 (jiācí)
• 淫祠
• 生祠 (shēngcí)
• 祠兵
• 祠堂 (cítáng)
• 祠宇
• 祠官
• 禖祠
• 行祠
• 錢王祠 / 钱王祠 (Qiánwángcí)
• 雷家祠 (Léijiācí)
• 龍祠 / 龙祠

References

• “祠”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “祠”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 164.

Japanese

Kanji

祠

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: じ (ji)
• Kan-on: し (shi)
• Kun: ほこら (hokora, 祠)、まつる (matsuru, 祠る)

Compounds

• 祠宇(しう) (shiu)
• 祠(し)堂(どう) (shidō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
祠
ほこら Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
叢祠

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ho̞ko̞ɾa̠]
• (Tokyo) ほこら [hòkórá] (Heiban – [0])
• (Tokyo) ほこら [hòkóráꜜ] (Odaka – [3])

Noun

祠(ほこら) • (hokora) 

1. a small shrine

   Synonym: 神庫 (jinko)

References

• “^▲祠”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[2] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

祠 • (sa) (hangeul 사, revised sa, McCune–Reischauer sa, Yale sa)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

祠: Hán Nôm readings: từ, thờ, tờ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.