弓

See also: 弖 and 弔

弓 U+5F13, 弓 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F13 ← 弒 [U+5F12] CJK Unified Ideographs 弔 → [U+5F14]

⼸ U+2F38, ⼸ KANGXI RADICAL BOW ← ⼷ [U+2F37] Kangxi Radicals ⼹ → [U+2F39]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

弓 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+0, 3 strokes, Cangjie input 弓 (N), four-corner 1720₇, composition ⿱コ㇉)

1. Kangxi radical #57, ⼸.

Derived characters

• Appendix:Chinese radical/弓
• 㧈, 杛, 躬, 䩑, 矤, 宆, 芎, 穹, 夷

Additional Derived Characters

• 𰁣, 𮰆, 𭇂, 𡉖, 𫝳, 𢁠, 𢖸, 𬇗, 𰺳, 𭨧, 𧘏, 𥸲, 𥾏, 𮓶, 𧢺, 𩨙, 𩾫
• 𢀶, 𫾰, 𰮴, 𬶿, 𰇉, 𧱶, 𡗝, 𡰬, 𰎉, 𰤍, 𥝙, 𥫤, 𩁽, 𦷆, 𪎔, 𦦎
• 𰂄, 𠰀, 𠱣, 𭉹, 𱪆, 𨺕, 𨕿, 𣐢, 𭨱, 𭨴, 𤉝, 𮌏, 𫆷, 𣁺, 𥚜, 𮋴, 𨀇, 𩊎, 𩺋, 𨞉, 𪼵
• 𠖦, 𡫻, 𦯡, 𦯢, 𦶁, 𣇎, 𪰩, 𤼲, 𱱷, 𤼰, 𤼵, 𮆦, 𠤂, 𤵶, 𠢛, 𫸟, 𢙰, 𭩲, 𭪗, 𱪼, 𥜄, 𰻱, 𮮻

See also

• 發, 雋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 356, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9692
• Dae Jaweon: page 671, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 987, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5F13

Chinese

simp. and trad.		弓
alternative forms		𭚥

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 弓
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States		Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (弓) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
弓	*kʷɯŋ
穹	*kʰʷɯŋ
焪	*kʰʷɯŋ, *kʰʷɯŋs
芎	*kʰʷɯŋ

Pictogram (象形) – a bow. See also the original version of 射. Unrelated to 弗. See also 夷.

Etymology

Possibly related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kuːŋ (“tree, branch, stem”) (Coblin, 1986), semantically connected with the shape of a bent tree branch. Cognate with Burmese ကိုင်း (kuing:, “to bend over; to be bent”), အကိုင်း (a.kuing:, “stalk; branch”), Tedim Chin [script needed] (kung¹, “tree”), Jingpho kung (“to branch; to grow”), lakung (“branch; limb”), Lepcha ᰀᰩᰵ (kóng, “branch”), ᰀᰫᰵ (kúng, “tree”) (STEDT).

Schuessler (2007) proposes that both Old Chinese 弓 (OC *kʷɯŋ) and Proto-Tibeto-Burman *kuːŋ are derived from Proto-Mon-Khmer *koŋ, whence Nyah Kur [script needed] (kóoŋ, “bent (in the middle)”), Mon ကိုၚ် (“to be bent”), Khmer កោង (kaong, “to bend; to be bent”), Khasi pyrkhung (“to bend; to arch”), Pear kuŋ (“bend”), Vietnamese cong (“to be bent, curved”).

Also compare Proto-Tibeto-Burman *ku(ː)m (“arched; vaulted”)

Derivatives are 肱 (OC *kʷɯːŋ, “(upper) arm”) and 穹 (OC *kʰʷɯŋ, “arched; vault; sky”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): gōng (gong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄥ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gong¹ / jiong¹

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): gǒng

  (Nanjing, Nanjing Pinyin): gòn

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гун (gun, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): gung¹

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): gung¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): guung¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): gung¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): kiûng

  (Hailu, HRS): giung^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): giung¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): gung¹
• Northern Min (KCR): gé̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆ng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): goeng¹ / gyoeng¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): keng / kiong

  (Teochew, Peng'im): gêng¹

  (Leizhou, Leizhou Pinyin): giang¹ / gong¹

• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): goeng¹
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹kon / ¹cion / ¹kuon
  • (Jinhua): ¹kon
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): gen¹ / gong¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gong
    • Wade–Giles: kung¹
    • Yale: gūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gong
    • Palladius: гун (gun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: gong¹ / jiong¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gung / gyng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /koŋ⁵⁵/, /t͡ɕyoŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: gǒng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuəŋ²¹/
  • (Nanjing)
    • Nanjing Pinyin: gòn
    • Nanjing Pinyin (numbered): gon¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /koŋ³¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гун (gun, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gung¹
    • Yale: gūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʊŋ²¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: guung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɵŋ³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kuŋ⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiûng
    • Hakka Romanization System: giung^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: giung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯uŋ²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: giung^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /kiuŋ⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: giung¹
    • Sinological IPA: /kiʊŋ⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: gung¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gé̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœyŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: goeng¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ge̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kœŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gyoeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyøŋ⁵⁴⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng / kiong
    • Tâi-lô: king / kiong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kefng, kiofng
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /kiɪŋ³³/, /kiɔŋ³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴/, /kiɔŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• keng - vernacular;
• kiong - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: gêng¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: keng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /keŋ³³/
• (Leizhou)
  • Leizhou Pinyin: giang¹ / gong¹
  • Sinological IPA: /kiaŋ³⁵/, /kɔŋ³⁵/

Note:

• giang1- vernacular;
• gong1 - literary.

• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: goeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /køŋ⁵³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Kunshan, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ¹kon
    • MiniDict: kon^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹kon
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /koŋ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /koŋ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /koŋ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /koŋ⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /koŋ⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kunshan): /koŋ⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /koŋ⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /koŋ⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /koŋ³³⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /koŋ⁵²/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /koŋ⁵³/
  • (Northern: Chongming)
    • Wugniu: ¹cion
    • MiniDict: cion^平
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡ɕyoŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Northern: Shaoxing)
    • Wugniu: ¹kuon
    • MiniDict: kuon^平
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /kuoŋ⁵²/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ¹kon
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /koŋ³³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: gen¹ / gong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /kən³³/, /kʊŋ³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /kən³³/, /kən³³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 弓
Mandarin	Beijing	/kuŋ⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/kuŋ⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/kuŋ²¹/
	Jinan	/kuŋ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/kəŋ²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/kuŋ²⁴/
	Xi'an	/kuŋ²¹/
	Xining	/kuə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/kuŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/kũn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/kuŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/koŋ⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/koŋ⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕyoŋ⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/koŋ⁵⁵/ /t͡ɕioŋ⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/koŋ⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/koŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/kəŋ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/kuəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/kuŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/kũŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/koŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/koŋ⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/koŋ³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕoŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/kuʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/kan¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/koŋ³³/
	Xiangtan	/kən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/kuŋ⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/kiuŋ⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/kioŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/koŋ⁵³/
	Nanning	/kuŋ⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/kuŋ⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/kiɔŋ⁵⁵/ /kiŋ⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/kyŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/kœyŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/keŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/koŋ²³/ /kiaŋ²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kjuwng

Rime
Character	弓
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	居戎切
Baxter	kjuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kuwŋ/
Li Rong	/kiuŋ/
Wang Li	/kĭuŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ki̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	jiōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gung1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*kʷəŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷɯŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	弓
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	gōng
Middle Chinese	‹ kjuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*kʷəŋ/
English	bow (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	弓
Reading #	1/1
No.	4079
Phonetic component	弓
Rime group	蒸
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	弓
Old Chinese	/*kʷɯŋ/

Definitions

弓

1. bow (weapon) (Classifier: 張／张)
2. bow (of a stringed instrument, or a cotton bow, or catapult) (Classifier: 張／张)
3. curved; arched
4. to arch; to bend
5. (Jiexi Hakka) rainbow
6. (obsolete) synonym of 步 (bù) (a traditional Chinese unit of length and area)
7. a surname, Gong

Synonyms

• (bow of a stringed instrument, or a cotton bow, or catapult) 弓子 (gōngzi)
• (to arch): 彎曲／弯曲 (wānqū)
• (rainbow):

Dialectal synonyms of 虹 (“rainbow”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		虹, 螮蝀, 雩, 隮
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		彩虹, 虹
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	虹
	Taiwan	彩虹
	Langfang	虹
	Chengde	虹
	Ulanhot	七彩虹
	Tongliao	彩虹
	Chifeng	虹, 大虹
	Hulunbuir (Hailar)	虹, 彩虹
	Heihe	虹, 彩虹
	Qiqihar	虹
	Harbin	虹, 紅虹
	Wuchang (Yingchengzi)	虹
	Jiamusi	虹
	Baicheng	虹
	Changchun	虹
	Tonghua	虹
	Shenyang	虹, 彩虹
	Jinzhou	虹, 彩虹
	Singapore	彩虹
	Olginsky (Mikhaylovka)	虹
Jilu Mandarin	Tianjin	虹
	Tangshan	虹, 彩虹
	Cangzhou	虹
	Xianxian (Xiaoying)	彩虹, 虹
	Baoding	虹, 彩虹
	Shijiazhuang	虹
	Lijin	虹
	Rizhao	虹
	Jinan	虹
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Dalian	虹
	Dandong	虹
	Yantai	虹
	Yantai (Muping)	虹
	Qingdao	虹
	Zhucheng	虹
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	虹
	Lingbao	虹
	Jining	虹
	Daming	虹
	Wanrong	虹
	Linfen	虹
	Shangqiu	虹, 彩虹
	Yuanyang	虹
	Zhengzhou	虹
	Kaifeng	虹
	Xinyang	虹
	Ankang	虹
	Ankang (Xianhe, Hanbin)	虹
	Baihe	虹
	Baihe (Maoping)	虹
	Xi'an	虹, 彩虹
	Dingbian	彩虹
	Baoji	虹
	Tongxin	虹
	Yanchi	虹
	Guyuan	虹
	Longde	虹
	Jingyuan	虹
	Tianshui	虹
	Hezuo	虹
	Xining	虹
	Yanqi	虹
	Xuzhou	虹
	Pizhou	虹
	Lianyungang (Ganyu)	虹
	Donghai	虹
	Fuyang	虹
	Qimen (Anling; Junhua)	虹
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	虹
	Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan)	虹
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	虹, 彩虹
	Yongning (Najiahu)	虹
	Wuzhong	虹
	Zhongwei	虹
	Bayanhot	彩虹, 虹
	Lanzhou	虹
	Dunhuang	虹
	Wuwei	虹
	Wuwei (Zhangyi)	虹
	Hami	虹
	Ürümqi	虹
	Ürümqi (Xigou)	彩虹
	Ürümqi (Changshanzi)	虹
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	虹, 天橋, 彩虹, 天龍
	Chengdu (Xindu)	虹
	Chengdu (Pidu)	龍, 虹
	Chengdu (Wenjiang)	龍, 虹
	Chengdu (Shuangliu)	龍, 虹
	Chengdu (Xinjin)	龍, 虹
	Jintang	虹
	Pengzhou	龍, 虹
	Dujiangyan	虹
	Chongzhou	龍, 龍王, 虹
	Dayi	虹
	Pujiang	虹
	Qionglai	天龍, 龍, 虹
	Nanchong	虹, 彩虹
	Dazhou	虹
	Hanyuan	虹
	Xichang	虹
	Zigong	彩虹
	Muli	虹
	Chongqing	虹, 彩虹
	Wuhan	虹
	Yichang	虹, 彩虹
	Xiangyang	虹, 彩虹
	Tianmen	虹, 曬虹
	Guiyang	虹
	Zunyi	虹
	Bijie	虹
	Liping	虹, 虹濟水
	Zhaotong	虹
	Shuifu	虹吃水
	Daguan	虹
	Dali	虹
	Kunming	虹, 彩虹
	Mengzi	虹, 彩虹
	Guilin	虹, 彩虹
	Guilin (Lingui)	虹
	Pingle	龍虹, 彩虹
	Liuzhou	虹, 彩虹
	Liuzhou (Luorong)	虹
	Luzhai	彩虹
	Nanning (Xiakuojie)	虹
	Nanning (Wuming)	彩虹
	Binyang (Nanjie)	龍虹
	Hechi (Yizhou)	龍虹
	Luocheng (Dongmen)	龍虹 dated, 彩虹
	Tianlin (Langping)	虹
	Tianlin (Pingtang)	虹
	Xiangzhou (Nalu)	虹槓東
	Jishou	虹, 螞蟥幹
	Changde	虹, 馬雲
	Xiangtan (Jiangnan Industries Group koine)	彩虹
	Shiquan	虹
	Ziyang	虹
	Hanzhong	虹
	Kokang	虹吃水, 龍虹
	Dagudi (Maliba)	彩虹
	Reshuitang (Longling)	老虹
	Mae Salong (Lancang)	老虹, 彩虹
	Mae Sai (Tengchong)	老虹
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	虹
	Yangzhou	虹
	Baoying	虹
	Taizhou	虹
	Zhenjiang	虹
	Lianyungang	虹
	Huai'an (Huaiyin)	虹
	Lianshui	虹
	Xuyi	虹
	Nantong	鱟, 虹
	Rugao	曬虹
	Yancheng	虹
	Funing	虹
	Sihong	虹, 絳
	Anqing	虹
	Zongyang	虹
	Wuhu	虹
	Hefei	虹
	Chuzhou	虹
	Huanggang	虹
	Hong'an	虹
	Jinhua (Shuiduiji)	虹
Mandarin	Jiangshan (Nianbadu)	虹
	Kaihua (Huabu)	虹
	Yushan (Huaiyu)	虹
Cantonese	Guangzhou	虹, 天虹, 龍拱
	Hong Kong	彩虹, 天虹
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	天弓
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou)	虹
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	天弓
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	天虹
	Macau	虹
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	虹
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	龍
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	龍虹
	Foshan	鑊耳龍
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	龍
	Foshan (Shunde)	拱篷
	Foshan (Sanshui)	鑊耳龍
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	龍
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	虹拱
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	播虹
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	龍孔
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	龍孔
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	叫虹
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	鑊耳, 水拱
	Taishan	鑊耳, 水虹, 水拱
	Taishan (Guanghai)	龍生水, 鑊耳虹, 彩虹
	Kaiping (Chikan)	鑊耳龍, 水拱
	Enping (Niujiang)	鑊耳龍
	Heshan (Yayao)	虹
	Dongguan	虹
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	虹
	Shenzhen (Dapeng)	天弓
	Qingyuan	虹
	Fogang	虹, 龍
	Yingde (Hanguang)	天弓
	Yangshan	虹
	Lianshan (Butian)	汗龍
	Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui)	天虹
	Shaoguan	虹
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	虹
	Renhua	天虹
	Lechang	天虹
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	龍
	Sihui	龍
	Guangning	龍
	Deqing	龍
	Huaiji	虹
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	旱龍
	Yunfu	龍
	Xinxing	龍
	Yunan (Pingtai)	龍
	Yangjiang	破篷
	Xinyi	湴更
	Lianjiang	虹
	Nanning	虹, 彩虹
	Nanning (Tanka)	彩虹
	Wuzhou	彩虹
	Wuzhou (Longxu)	虹
	Yulin	龐虹
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	天虹, 虹
	Hepu (Shatian)	拱
	Guiping	虹, 天橋
	Guiping (Jintian)	虹
	Guiping (Jiangkou)	虹, 彩虹
	Guiping (Madong)	龐虹
	Guiping (Mule)	虹
	Pingnan	彩虹
Pingnan (Danzhu)	龍
Mengshan (Xihe)	龍
Guigang (Gangcheng)	霓, 彩虹
Guigang (Nanjiang)	虹
Guigang (Pingdong)	通虹
Beiliu	湴界, 彩虹
Beiliu (Tangliao)	虹
Baise	虹, 雙虹
Bobai	虹
Lingshan	龐虹
Pubei	龐虹
Qinzhou	天虹, 虹, 彩虹
Qinzhou (Xiaodong)	龐虹
Qinzhou (Changtan)	龐虹
Qinzhou (Nasi)	龐虹
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	虹
Beihai	天虹, 天橋
Beihai (Nankang)	拱
Beihai (Yingpan)	拱
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	拱
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	篷拱
Ningming	虹
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu)	虹
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	天弓
Chongzuo (Laituan)	天虹
Fusui (Qujiu)	蛤筒食水
Lingchuan (Yangjia)	龍虹
Pingle (Majia)	彩虹
Pingle (Shuishan)	虹
Danzhou	天虹
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	彩虹, 彩龍
Sarikei (Xinhui)	龍拱
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	彩虹
Móng Cái	天弓
Yangon (Taishan)	虹
Mandalay (Taishan)	鑊耳虹
Bangkok (Guangfu)	虹
Gan	Nanchang	虹
	Pengze	虹
	Yanshan (Hekou)	虹
	Lichuan	天虹, 天吊, 虹
	Pingxiang	虹
	Guixi	虹
	Ankang (Niuti)	虹
Hakka	Meixian	天弓
	Xingning	天弓
	Fengshun (Liuhuang)	彩虹, 虹仔
	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	彩虹, 青里
	Huidong (Daling)	天弓
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	天弓
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	天弓
	Guangzhou (Zhengguo, Zengcheng)	天弓
	Zhongshan (Wuguishan)	天弓食水
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	虹
	Wuhua (Shuizhai)	天弓
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	天弓
	Wuhua (Changbu)	天弓
	Wuhua (Mianyang)	天弓
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	虹
	Zijin	天弓
	Lianping	天光灌水
	Nanxiong (Zhuji)	虹
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	天弓
	Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang)	龍
	Liannan	天虹
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	虹
	Jiexi	弓
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	虹
	Nanjing (Meilin)	彩虹
	Nanjing (Tianluokeng, Shuyang)	虹
	Changting	虹
	Wuping	天弓
	Wuping (Yanqian)	天弓
	Wuping (Pingyu)	天弓
	Liancheng	虹
	Liancheng (Peitian)	天門神
	Ninghua	虹
	Yudu	虹
	Ningdu	虹
	Ruijin	虹
	Shicheng	虹
	Shangyou (Shexi)	虹
	Tonggu (Sandu)	天虹
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	虹
	Dayu	虹
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	天弓, 虹
	Taoyuan	天弓
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	天弓
	Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian)	天弓
	Pingtung (Daluguan, Gaoshu; S. Sixian)	天弓
	Pingtung (Jiadong; S. Sixian)	天弓
	Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian)	天弓
	Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian)	天弓
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	虹
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	天弓
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	虹
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	虹
	Hong Kong	天弓
	Mengshan (Xihe)	虹
	Luchuan	天公虹
	Luchuan (Daqiao)	天公降水
	Bobai (Shahe)	天弓
	Bobai (Longtan)	天弓
	Bobai (Lingping)	天弓
	Beiliu (Tang'an)	天公食水
	Beiliu (Gonghe, Xilang)	天弓
	Xingye (Gaofeng)	天弓
	Mashan (Pianlian)	天公食水
Guigang (Wule)	天弓
Guigang (Qiaoxu)	天弓
Guigang (Batang)	天弓
Guiping (Dongxin)	彩虹
Pingnan (Guo'an)	天弓
Guilin (Xiaojiang, Lingui)	虹
Lipu (Shuangduitun)	彩虹
Lipu (Dashigu)	彩虹, 月龍
Pingle (Tong'an)	彩龍
Guidong	天虹
Chengdu (Longtan)	天弓
Chengdu (Shiling)	天弓
Chengdu (Longwang)	天弓
Chengdu (Shibantan)	天弓
Chengdu (Xindu Subdistrict)	天弓, 虹
Sabah (Longchuan)	天弓
Senai (Huiyang)	天弓, 彩虹
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	弓
Singkawang	天弓
Pontianak (Meixian)	天弓
Mempawah (Meixian)	天弓
Medan (Metal - Meixian)	彩虹
Singapore (Meixian)	天弓
Singapore (Dabu)	彩虹
Bangkok (Meixian)	彩虹, 天弓
Bangkok (Fengshun)	弓
Bangkok (Jiexi)	弓
Huizhou	Jixi	日頭紅虹, 虹
	Shexian	虹, 彩虹
	Shexian (Xianggao)	虹
	Shexian (Daguyun)	虹
	Huangshan (Tunxi)	虹
	Yixian	虹
	Qimen	虹
	Qimen (Anling; Minhua)	虹
	Wuyuan	虹
	Fuliang	虹
	Dexing	彩虹
	Shitai (Xianyu)	虹
Jin	Taiyuan	虹
	Taiyuan (Jiancaoping)	虹
	Pingyao	虹
	Yangyuan	虹
	Datong	虹
	Datong (Xicetian, Yunzhou)	虹
	Xinzhou	虹
	Lüliang (Lishi)	虹
	Changzhi	虹
	Changzhi (Tunliu)	虹
	Taibus (Baochang)	虹
	Linhe	虹
	Jining	虹
	Hohhot	虹
	Baotou	虹
	Dongsheng	虹
	Haibowan	虹
	Erenhot	虹
	Pingshan	虹
	Zhangjiakou	虹
	Handan	虹
	Anyang	彩虹
	Linzhou	虹
	Suide	虹, 水罐
	Zizhou	水罐
	Mizhi	虹
	Jiaxian	虹
	Wubu	水罐子
	Shenmu	虹
	Fugu	罐
	Yulin	虹
	Yulin (Hengshan)	虹
	Jingbian	虹
	Yan'an	虹
	Yan'an (Ansai)	虹
	Ganquan	虹
	Zhidan	虹
	Wuqi	虹
	Qingjian	虹
	Zichang	虹
	Yanchuan	虹
	Yanchang	吊水罐罐
Jiuxing Yumin	Jiande	鱟
	Jinhua	鱟
	Lanxi	鱟
	Tunxi	虹
Northern Min	Jian'ou	虹
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	虹
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	虹
	Pucheng (Shibei)	虹, 攔溪仔 dated
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	虹
	Fuqing	虹
	Gutian	虹
	Shouning	虹
	Matsu	虹
Southern Min	Xiamen	虹
	Quanzhou	虹
	Jinjiang	虹
	Yongchun	虹
	Zhangzhou	虹
	Hua'an	虹
	Dongshan	虹
	Taipei	虹
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	虹
	Kaohsiung	虹
	Yilan	虹
	Changhua (Lukang)	虹
	Taichung	虹
	Taichung (Wuqi)	虹
	Tainan	虹
	Taitung	虹
	Hsinchu	虹
	Kinmen	虹
	Penghu (Magong)	虹
	Penang (Hokkien)	虹
	Singapore (Hokkien)	虹
	Manila (Hokkien)	彩虹
	Zhangping (Yongfu)	天虹
	Pingnan (Shangdu)	虹
	Pingnan (Pingtian)	虹
	Pingnan (Sijie)	虹
	Guiping (Xiaowen)	虹, 彩虹
	Guiping (Dongsheng)	發紅雲
	Guilin (Biyange)	龍公
	Pingle (Zhoutang)	龍, 天橋
	Lechang (Tatou)	天虹
	Renhua (Changshabei)	天虹
	Yingde (Yuzui)	虹
	Yunan (Liantan)	龍, 虹
	Yuhuan (Kanmen)	虹
	Chaozhou	虹
	Shantou	虹
	Shantou (Chenghai)	虹
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	虹, 彩虹
	Jieyang	虹
	Haifeng	虹
	Bangkok (Teochew)	虹
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	彩虹
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	虹
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	虹
	Pontianak (Teochew)	虹
	Leizhou	虹
	Wenchang	虹
	Haikou	虹
	Wanning	虹
Puxian Min	Putian	虹
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	虹
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	虹
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	虹
	Xianyou	虹
	Xianyou (Fengting)	虹
	Xianyou (Youyang)	虹
	Fuding (Aoyao)	虹
Central Min	Yong'an	虹
	Sanming (Sanyuan)	虹
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	播虹
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	跨篷
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	虹
	Nanning (Shajing)	虹
	Nanning (Gejiayuan)	虹
	Nanning (Zhegulu)	虹, 拱橋
	Nanning (Silian)	虹, 天虹
	Nanning (Xiuxiang)	虹
	Nanning (Sucun)	虹, 幹筒
	Binyang	虹, 龍虹
	Binyang (Xinqiao)	虹
	Hengzhou (Baihe)	龐虹
	Wuxuan (Laishan)	天龍
	Wuxuan (Zhangcun)	虹
	Liucheng (Yangmei)	虹
	Liucheng (Guzhai)	龍吃水
	Liucheng (Liming)	龍
	Rongshui	虹
	Hechi (Desheng, Yizhou)	虹
	Luocheng (Niubi)	長虹
Northern Pinghua	Guilin (Dahe)	虹
	Guilin (Chaoyang)	虹
	Guilin (Dongbianzhou)	虹
	Guilin (Zhuyuan)	虹
	Guilin (Dabu)	雨界
	Guilin (Yangjia)	龍
	Guilin (Qianjing)	雨虹
	Guilin (Wutong, Lingui)	江東龍, 龍虹
	Guilin (Huangsha, Lingui)	龍虹
	Guilin (Liangjiang, Lingui)	天龍, 彩圈
	Guilin (Liutang, Lingui)	虹
	Lingchuan (Sanjie)	虹
	Lingchuan (Gaoqiao)	虹
	Lingchuan (Gudong)	龍虹
	Lingchuan (Tanxia)	虹
	Lingchuan (Shuangzhou)	彩虹, 虹
	Lingchuan (Gongping)	龍虹
	Guanyang (Guanyinge)	龍虹
	Pingle (Zhangjia)	虹
	Pingle (Xintangmian)	天龍
	Yangshuo (Putao)	雨虹
	Yongfu (Tangbao)	虹
	Zhongshan (Gong'an)	虹
Shehua	Ningde	蛟龍
	Fu'an	蛟龍
	Fuding	蛟龍
	Zhouning	蛟龍
	Xiapu	蛟龍
	Shouning	虹
	Gutian	蛟龍
	Luoyuan	蛟龍
	Sanming	蛟龍
	Shunchang	蛟龍
	Hua'an	蛟龍
	Guixi (Zhangping)	蛟龍
	Yanshan (Taiyuan)	蛟龍
	Cangnan	蛟龍
	Jingning (Hexi)	蛟龍
	Lishui	蛟龍
	Longyou	蛟龍
	Hangzhou (Lin'an)	蛟龍
	Chaozhou	蛟龍
	Fengshun	蛟龍
Waxiang	Yuanling (Shaojiwan)	螞蟥雲
Wu	Shanghai	虹, 彩虹, 鱟 dated
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	鱟
	Shanghai (Jiading)	鱟
	Shanghai (Chongming)	鱟
	Suzhou	鱟, 彩虹, 虹
	Wuxi	彩虹, 虹, 鱟
	Changshu	鱟
	Nantong (Haimen)	鱟
	Changzhou	鱟
	Danyang	虹
	Nanjing (Gaochun)	虹
	Hangzhou	鱟, 彩虹
	Hangzhou (Fuyang)	鱟
	Shaoxing	鱟
	Ningbo	鱟, 虹
	Ningbo (Yinzhou)	鱟
	Zhoushan	鱟
	Linhai	鱟
	Yuhuan (Damaiyu)	鱟
	Yuhuan (Chumen)	鱟
	Wenzhou	鱟
	Songyang (Gushi)	鱟
	Longquan	鱟
	Jinhua	鱟, 彩虹
	Jinhua (Tangxi)	熯
Xiang	Changsha	虹
	Xiangtan	虹
	Xiangtan County (Cha'ensi)	虹
	Xiangxiang	虹
	Xiangxiang (Meiqiao)	彩虹
	Loudi	虹
	Shuangfeng	虹
	Hengyang	虹
	Hengshan	虹, 雲虹
	Hengshan (Baiguo)	斗雨
	Quanzhou	彩虹
	Guanyang (Wenshi)	虹
	Qinglong (Changliu Laba Miao)	虹
Xiangnan Tuhua	Jiangyong	蟲
	Dong'an	虹, 螃蟹夾草
Yuebei Tuhua	Shaoguan (Dacun, Baitu, Qujiang)	拱橋
	Shaoguan (Xiangyang, Xihe, Wujiang)	天弓
	Shaoguan (Shibei, Xinshao, Zhenjiang)	天弓
	Renhua (Zhoutian)	天虹
	Renhua (Shitang)	天狗
	Ruyuan (Songwei, Guitou)	天拱
	Lechang (Changlai)	天虹
	Lechang (Beixiang)	天虹
	Lechang (Huangpu)	天虹
	Lechang (Guitang, Pingshi)	天虹, 天橋
	Lechang (Sanxi)	虹

Compounds

• 一弓
• 主動脈弓 / 主动脉弓 (zhǔdòngmàigōng)
• 仲弓
• 傷弓之鳥 / 伤弓之鸟
• 半弓
• 天弓 (tiāngōng)
• 定弓田
• 定弓虛稅 / 定弓虚税
• 左右開弓 / 左右开弓
• 弓不虛發 / 弓不虚发
• 弓人 (gōngrén)
• 弓兒 / 弓儿
• 弓兒扯滿 / 弓儿扯满
• 弓兵
• 弓冶
• 弓匠
• 弓套
• 弓子 (gōngzi)
• 弓師 / 弓师
• 弓弓
• 弓弦 (gōngxián)
• 弓弩 (gōngnǔ)
• 弓形 (gōngxíng)
• 弓形鑽 / 弓形钻
• 弓影杯蛇
• 弓影浮杯
• 弓手 (gōngshǒu)
• 弓折矢盡 / 弓折矢尽
• 弓折箭盡 / 弓折箭尽
• 弓招
• 弓旌
• 弓根 (gōnggēn)
• 弓極 / 弓极
• 弓步 (gōngbù)
• 弓毛 (gōngmáo)
• 弓漿蟲 / 弓浆虫
• 弓琴
• 弓矛之士
• 弓矢 (gōngshǐ)
• 弓硯緣 / 弓砚缘
• 弓箭 (gōngjiàn)
• 弓箭手 (gōngjiànshǒu)
• 弓箭步 (gōngjiànbù)
• 弓繳 / 弓缴 (gōngzhuó)
• 弓背
• 弓腰 (gōngyāo)
• 弓腰曲背
• 弓蕉 (gung1 ziu1)
• 弓蛇
• 弓裘
• 弓調馬服 / 弓调马服
• 弓足
• 弓身 (gōngshēn)
• 弓鞋 (gōngxié)
• 弓鞬
• 弓韣 / 弓𱂋
• 弓馬 / 弓马 (gōngmǎ)
• 弓鰭魚 / 弓鳍鱼
• 弩弓
• 弸弓
• 張弓拔刃 / 张弓拔刃
• 張弓挾矢 / 张弓挟矢
• 強弓硬弩 / 强弓硬弩 (qiáng gōng yìng nǔ)
• 張弓簇箭 / 张弓簇箭
• 張羅彀弓 / 张罗彀弓
• 彈弓 / 弹弓 (dàngōng)
• 彎弓 / 弯弓
• 彎弓搭箭 / 弯弓搭箭
• 彤弓
• 彫弓 / 雕弓
• 悶弓兒 / 闷弓儿
• 手弓鋸 / 手弓锯
• 打背弓
• 扯弓搭箭 (chě gōng dā jiàn)
• 拈弓搭箭
• 拉硬弓
• 搭弩張弓 / 搭弩张弓
• 撥弓 / 拨弓
• 杯弓蛇影 (bēigōng-shéyǐng)
• 棄弓折箭 / 弃弓折箭
• 楚弓楚得
• 檀弓
• 櫜弓臥鼓 / 櫜弓卧鼓
• 步弓 (bùgōng)
• 滿弓 / 满弓
• 烹犬藏弓
• 玈弓
• 玉弓
• 琴弓 (qíngōng)
• 番弓
• 盤馬彎弓 / 盘马弯弓
• 硬弓
• 硬弩強弓 / 硬弩强弓
• 窄弓弓
• 窩弓 / 窝弓
• 綿弓 / 绵弓
• 繃弓 / 绷弓 (bēnggōng)
• 背弓
• 良弓
• 落背弓
• 角弓 (jiǎogōng)
• 調弓號猿 / 调弓号猿
• 貫弓 / 贯弓
• 開弓 / 开弓 (kāigōng)
• 開弦弓 / 开弦弓 (Kāixiángōng)
• 關弓 / 关弓
• 韜弓 / 韬弓
• 驚弓之鳥 / 惊弓之鸟 (jīnggōngzhīniǎo)
• 鳥盡弓藏 / 鸟尽弓藏 (niǎojìngōngcáng)

See also

• 箭 (jiàn)
• 矢 (shǐ)

References

• “弓”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

弓

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: く (ku)、くう (kū)
• Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)^{←きゆう (kyuu, historical)}
• Kun: たらし (tarashi, 弓)、ゆ (yu, 弓)、ゆみ (yumi, 弓, Jōyō)
• Nanori: こ (ko)、ゆ (yu)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
弓
ゆ Grade: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. In modern Japanese, only found as a prefix in compounds. Possibly contracted from 弓 (yumi, “bow”), as most derived terms exhibit voicing of the second component. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [jɯ̟]

Prefix

弓(ゆ) • (yu-) 

1. a bow, a bow shape

Derived terms

• 弓(ゆ)懸(がけ) (yugake), 弽(ゆがけ) (yugake), 韘(ゆがけ) (yugake)
• 弓(ゆ)束(づか) (yuzuka), 弓(ゆ)柄(づか) (yuzuka), 弣(ゆづか) (yuzuka)
• 弓(ゆ)末(ずえ) (yuzue)
• 弓(ゆ)弦(づる) (yuzuru, “bowstring”)
• 弓(ゆ)弭(はず) (yuhazu), 弓(ゆ)筈(はず) (yuhazu), 弓(ゆ)彇(はず) (yuhazu, “nock on a bow where the bowstring sits”)

Etymology 2

弓 (yumi): Four different types of bow.

弓 (yu, yumi, tarashi, kyū): Japanese bows, arrows, and arrow-stand.

Yumi bow parts names

Kanji in this term
弓
ゆみ Grade: 2
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese, ultimately from Proto-Japonic *yumi. Appears in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE), with a phonetic spelling of 由美 ⟨yumi₁⟩, */yumʲi/.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ゆみ [yùmíꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [jɯ̟mʲi]

• (Kyōto, Ōsaka) ゆ​み (Kōki)

Noun

弓(ゆみ) • (yumi) 

1. a bow:
   1. (weaponry) a bow for shooting arrows
   2. (music) a bow for playing a stringed instrument such as a violin or cello
2. archery
3. (Shinto) a type of kagura (sacred Shinto song and dance) intended to drive away evil
4. short for 破(は)魔(ま)弓(ゆみ) (hama yumi): a ceremonial archery bow with the power to dispel evil
5. a bow shape, a curve
6. a bow-shaped tool used to beat ginned cotton into a softer and finer textile

   Synonym: 綿弓 (watayumi)

Coordinate terms

• (archery): 仗(つえ) (tsue)/杖(つえ) (tsue): yumi stave; 弦(つる) (tsuru): bowstring; 矢(や) (ya): an arrow (鏃(やじり) (yajiri): arrowheads; 簳(やがら) (yagara): arrow-shafts; 羽(はね) (hane): arrow-fletchings); 靫(うつぼ) (utsubo)): a quiver; 胸当(むねあ)て (muneate): kyudo plastron/chestguard; 弽(ゆがけ) (yugake): kyudo gloves; 弩(いしゆみ) (ishiyumi): a crossbow

Derived terms

• 弓弦(ゆみづる) (yumizuru)
• 弓鋸(ゆみのこ) (yuminoko)
• 弓偏(ゆみへん) (yumihen)
• 弓矢(ゆみや) (yumiya, “bow and arrow”)
• 梓弓(あずさゆみ) (azusayumi, “a bow made from the wood of the Japanese cherry birch (Betula grossa”)
• 大弓(おおゆみ) (ōyumi, “stonebow”) (in ancient times)
• 猟弓(さつゆみ) (satsuyumi)
• 重籐弓(しげどうゆみ) (shigedōyumi), 滋籐(しげどう)弓(ゆみ) (shigedō yumi), 繁籐(しげどう)弓(ゆみ) (shigedō yumi, “a rattan wood bow”)
• 破魔弓(はまゆみ) (hamayumi, “a traditional Shintō ceremonial bow for dispelling evil”)
• 真弓(まゆみ) (mayumi)
• 的弓(まとゆみ) (matoyumi)
• 綿弓(わたゆみ) (watayumi)

See also

• ロングボウ (rongubō, “longbow”)

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
弓
たらし Grade: 2
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
執

Alteration from torashi, 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb torasu, from tora as the 未然形 (mizenkei, “incomplete form”) of verb 取る (toru, “to take”) + す (su, honorific suffix in Old Japanese). Original meaning was “something kept to hand”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ta̠ɾa̠ɕi]

Noun

弓(たらし) • (tarashi) 

1. (rare, honorific) an archery bow, particularly one belonging to a noble

Synonyms

• 御(み)執(たらし), 御(み)弓(たらし) (mitarashi)

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
弓
きゅう Grade: 2
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 弓 (MC kjuwng). Compare modern Mandarin 弓 (gōng).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) きゅう [kyúꜜù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [kʲɨː]

Noun

弓(きゅう) • (kyū) 

1. (rare) a bow
2. (obsolete) in ancient Chinese archery, a unit of length for measuring the distance between the archer and the target; one kyū was equal to six 尺 (shaku), roughly six feet or 182 centimeters
3. (obsolete) in ancient China, a unit of length for surveying land; one kyū was equal to eight 尺 (shaku), roughly eight feet or 242 centimeters

Usage notes

In modern Japanese, the reading kyū is most often found in compounds.

Derived terms

• 弓矢(きゅうし) (kyūshi)
• 弓術(きゅうじゅつ) (kyūjutsu)
• 弓(きゅう)道(どう) (kyūdō): archery as a martial art
• 弓兵(きゅうへい) (kyūhei)
• 胡(こ)弓(きゅう) (kokyū)
• 戦弓(せんきゅう) (senkyū)
• 大(だい)弓(きゅう) (daikyū): a great bow, a long bow
• 半(はん)弓(きゅう) (hankyū): a half bow, a short bow
• 洋弓(ようきゅう) (yōkyū)
• 和弓(わきゅう) (wakyū)

References

• “弓”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[3] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

弓
the shape of the Hun bow

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [kuŋ]
• Phonetic hangul: [궁]

Hanja

弓 (eumhun 활 궁 (hwal gung))

1. hanja form^? of 궁 (“bow (for shooting arrows”)

Compounds

• 국궁 (國弓, gukgung)
• 궁도 (弓道, gungdo, “archery”)
• 궁수 (弓手, gungsu)
• 양궁 (洋弓, yanggung)

Vietnamese

Han character

弓: Hán Việt readings: cung
弓: Nôm readings: cong, cung, củng

1. chữ Hán form of cung (“(archery) bow”)
2. chữ Nôm form of cong (“crooked, bent”)