粥
See also: 鬻
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]粥 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+6, 12 strokes, cangjie input 弓火木弓 (NFDN), four-corner 17227, composition ⿲弓米弓)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 908, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26938
- Dae Jaweon: page 1334, character 27
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1000, character 4
- Unihan data for U+7CA5
Chinese
[edit]| trad. | 粥 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 粥 | |
Glyph origin
[edit]The reduced form of the character 鬻 (OC *luɡ), which was an ideogrammic compound and the original character for "congee".
Etymology
[edit]- “congee; rice gruel”
- Related to 育 (OC *luɡ), 鬻 (OC *luɡ, “to nourish”) (Karlgren, 1956; Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Baxter and Sagart (1998) originally derive 粥 (OC *t-ljuk) from 育 (OC *ljuk), but later, Baxter and Sagart (2014) derive 粥 (OC *t-quk) from a root *quk (“to nourish”), which is related to 育 (OC *m-quk), as well as 畜 (OC *qʰuk, “to nourish”).
- Alternatively, it may be related to Tibetan ཐུག་པ (thug pa, “Tibetan-style soup, broth, gruel, porridge”) (Bodman, 1980; Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): zuh6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): zou1
- Northern Min (KCR): cṳ̆
- Eastern Min (BUC): cé̤ṳk
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): zoeh6 / zyoeh6
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): zhou6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: zhōu
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄡ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhou
- Wade–Giles: chou1
- Yale: jōu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jou
- Palladius: чжоу (čžou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: zuk1
- Yale: jūk
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzuk7
- Guangdong Romanization: zug1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʊk̚⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: zuuk2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sɵk̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: zuh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suʔ⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chuk
- Hakka Romanization System: zugˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: zug5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡suk̚²/
- (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
- Hakka Romanization System: zhug
- Sinological IPA: /t͡ʃuk⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: zou1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡səu¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: cṳ̆
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sy²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: cé̤ṳk
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡søyʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zoeh6
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: ce̤h
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sœʔ²¹/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: zyoeh6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡syøʔ²/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
Note: chu̍k - from Cantonese.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: giog4 / zog8
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kiok / tso̍k
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiok̚²/, /t͡sok̚⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
- Wugniu: 7tsoq
- MiniDict: tsoh入
- Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): 4tsoq
- Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡soʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡soʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡soʔ⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡soʔ⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡soʔ⁴³/
- Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡soʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡soʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡soʔ⁴⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡soʔ⁵⁵/
- Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡soʔ⁵⁵/
- (Jinhua)
- (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang, Chongming, Suzhou, Jiaxing, Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: tsyuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*t-quk/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ʔljuɡ/
Definitions
[edit]粥
Synonyms
[edit]- (congee):
Dialectal synonyms of 粥 (“congee”) [map]
Descendants
[edit]Others:
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): juk6
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): oeh7 / yoeh7
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: yù
- Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yù
- Wade–Giles: yü4
- Yale: yù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
- Palladius: юй (juj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /y⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: juk6
- Yale: yuhk
- Cantonese Pinyin: juk9
- Guangdong Romanization: yug6
- Sinological IPA (key): /jʊk̚²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: oeh7
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: e̤̍h
- Sinological IPA (key): /œʔ⁴/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: yoeh7
- Sinological IPA (key): /yøʔ⁴/
- (Putian)
- Middle Chinese: yuwk
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*luɡ/
Definitions
[edit]粥
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 育 (“to give birth; to rear”)
- (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 鬻 (yù, “to sell”).
- a surname
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- “粥”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “粥”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 312.
Japanese
[edit]
Kanji
[edit]粥
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: しゅく (shuku)、いく (iku)
- Kan-on: しゅく (shuku)、いく (iku)
- Kun: かゆ (kayu, 粥)、ひさぐ (hisagu, 粥ぐ)、うる (uru, 粥る)
Etymology
[edit]| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 粥 |
| かゆ Jinmeiyō |
| kun'yomi |
Various theories. Possible shift from keyu (食湯) or koyu (濃湯), or combination of ka (加) and yu (湯). An alternate theory suggests it is an abbreviation of kashigiyu (炊湯).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]粥 or 粥 or 粥 • (kayu or kai or shuku)
- congee (a type of rice porridge)
References
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 粥 (MC tsyuwk).
| Historical Readings | ||
|---|---|---|
| Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
| Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 쥭〮 (Yale: cywúk) | |
| Middle Korean | ||
| Text | Eumhun | |
| Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
| Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] | 쥭〮 (Yale: cywúk) | 쥭〮 (Yale: cywúk) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕuk̚]
- Phonetic hangul: [죽]
Hanja
[edit]
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading いく
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かゆ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひさ・ぐ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading う・る
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