點心
See also: 点心
Chinese
[edit]| to light, to kindle; to touch briefly | heart; mind | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (點心) | 點 | 心 | |
| simp. (点心) | 点 | 心 | |
Etymology
[edit]First appeared during the Tang dynasty, e.g. from the Book of Tang:
- 「唐鄭為江淮留侯，家人備夫人晨饌，夫人謂其弟曰：『治妝未畢，我未及餐，爾且可點心。』」
- Tang Zheng was the official for the Jianghuai region. (One day), after the servants prepared the morning meal, Tang's wife said to his brother, 'I have not finished doing my makeup. You can have some snacks (literally, “refresh your hearts”) before I am ready to eat.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dim2 sam1
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): iam2 lhim1
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): dim2 sam1
- Gan (Wiktionary): dien3 xin / dien3 xin1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tiám-sîm
- Jin (Wiktionary): die2 xing1
- Northern Min (KCR): dǎng-séng
- Eastern Min (BUC): diēng-sĭng
- Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): deng3 sing1
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 5ti-shin1 / 5tie3-sin1 / 3tie-shin1 / 1ti-shin1; 1te-shin1
- Xiang (Hengyang, Wiktionary): dien3 xin1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: diǎnxīn → diǎnxin (toneless final syllable variant)
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˇ ㄒㄧㄣ → ㄉㄧㄢˇ ˙ㄒㄧㄣ (toneless final syllable variant)
- Tongyong Pinyin: diǎnsi̊n
- Wade–Giles: tien3-hsin5
- Yale: dyǎn-syin
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dean.shin
- Palladius: дяньсинь (djanʹsinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/ → /ti̯ɛn²¹⁴ ɕin⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: dim2 sam1
- Yale: dím sām
- Cantonese Pinyin: dim2 sam1
- Guangdong Romanization: dim2 sem1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiːm³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: iam2 lhim1
- Sinological IPA (key): /iam⁵⁵ ɬim³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: dien3 xin / dien3 xin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiɛn²¹³⁻²¹ ɕin¹/, /tiɛn²¹³⁻¹³ ɕin⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
Note: dien3 xin1 - to snack.
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tiám-sîm
- Hakka Romanization System: diamˋ ximˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: diam3 xim1
- Sinological IPA: /ti̯am³¹ sim²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: die2 xing1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /tie⁵³ ɕiŋ¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dǎng-séng
- Sinological IPA (key): /taŋ²¹ seiŋ⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: diēng-sĭng
- Sinological IPA (key): /tieŋ³³⁻²¹ (s-)niŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Puxian Min
- (Putian)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: deng3 sing1 [Phonetic: deng5 ning1]
- Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: dêng-sing
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɛŋ⁴⁵³⁻¹¹ (ɬ-)niŋ⁵³³/
- (Xianyou)
- Pouseng Ping'ing: deng3 sing1 [Phonetic: deng5 ning1]
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɛŋ³³²⁻²¹ (ɬ-)niŋ⁵⁴⁴/
- (Putian)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Yongchun, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiám-sim
- Tâi-lô: tiám-sim
- Phofsit Daibuun: diafmsym
- Sinological IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /tiam⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/
- Sinological IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Yongchun, Taipei): /tiam⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/
- Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiam⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: diam2 sim1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tiám sim
- Sinological IPA (key): /tiam⁵²⁻³⁵ sim³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Yongchun, General Taiwanese, Philippines)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Hengyang)
- Wiktionary: dien3 xin1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ti̯ɛn³³ ɕin⁴⁴⁵/
- (Hengyang)
- Middle Chinese: temX sim
Noun
[edit]點心
- snack; light refreshment
- dim sum
- pastry
- (dialectal) (light) breakfast
- (dialectal Wu) lunch
- (Hengyang Xiang) dinner
Synonyms
[edit]- (snack): 餐點／餐点 (cāndiǎn)
- (pastry): 糕點／糕点 (gāodiǎn), 糕餅／糕饼 (gāobǐng); (Hokkien) 糕仔, 糕仔餅／糕仔饼
- (breakfast):
- (lunch):
- (dinner):
Derived terms
[edit]Verb
[edit]點心
Synonyms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Sino-Xenic (點心):
Others:
- → English: dim sum (via Cantonese)
- → Kavalan: tiamsim (via Min Nan)
- → Korean: 딤섬 (dimseom, “dim sum”) (via Cantonese)
- → Thai: ติ่มซำ (dtìm-sam) (via Cantonese)
- → Vietnamese: điểm sấm (“dim sum”) (via Cantonese)
Japanese
[edit]| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 點 | 心 |
| てん Hyōgai |
しん Grade: 2 |
| on'yomi | |
| For pronunciation and definitions of 點心 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
| (This term, 點心, is the kyūjitai of the above term.) |
Korean
[edit]| Hanja in this term | |
|---|---|
| 點 | 心 |
Noun
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]| chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
|---|---|
| 點 | 心 |
Noun
[edit]點心
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