Jump to content

育

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 毓
育 U+80B2, 育
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80B2
← 肱
[U+80B1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 肳 →
[U+80B3]
育 U+2F982, 育
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F982
← 䏕
[U+2F981] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 脃 →
[U+2F983]

Translingual

[edit]
Stroke order
8 strokes

Alternative forms

[edit]
  • In Taiwan, the upper component of the character contains ⿻一厶 (3 strokes) while in other regions, the upper component contains ⿱亠厶 (4 strokes).
  • In Taiwan, the bottom component of the character contains ⺼ (meat radical) while in other regions, the bottom component contains ⺝ (similar to 月 but with a vertical left stroke).
  • The historical Kangxi dictionary records two character forms, ⿳亠厶⺝ (8 strokes) and ⿱⿻一厶⺝ (7 strokes). The alternative form with 7 strokes (page 974, character 10) is based on Zhengzitong which claims that it is the original form (本字 (běnzì)).
  • A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+2F982 for the alternative Taiwan form which contains ⿱亠厶 (4 strokes) as the upper component and ⺼ as the bottom component.

Han character

[edit]

育 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3 in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 肉+4 in Chinese (mainland China, Hong Kong), Japanese and Korean, 7 strokes in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, Cangjie input 卜戈月 (YIB) or 大戈月 (KIB), four-corner 00227, composition ⿳亠厶⺝(GHJKV) or ⿱⿻一厶⺼(T) or ⿳亠厶⺼(U+2F982))

Derived characters

[edit]
Additional Derived Characters

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 976, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29318
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1427, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2052, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+80B2

Chinese

[edit]
trad. 育
simp. # 育
alternative forms 毓
𣫺
袬
𠫓

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character 育
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (育) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
育 *luɡ
毓 *luɡ
棛 *luɡ
錥 *luɡ
焴 *luɡ
淯 *luɡ
蜟 *luɡ
堉 *luɡ
逳 *luɡ
蘛 *luɡ

Evolved geometrically from 胄 (*l'ɯwɢs) in Han dynasty era (Liu, 2023).

Before that, Pronunciation 1 was written as 毓; see there for more.

Etymology

[edit]

Schuessler, 2007 compares Jingpho [script needed] (lu³¹, “to give birth (to a child)”), based on Zhengzhang's Old Chinese reconstruction; however, Baxter and Sagart's reconstruction makes a connection doubtful. For the B-S reconstruction, note similarities to Burmese မွေး (mwe:, “to give birth, raise”).

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
Note: juk1 - variant (rare).
Note:
  • io̍k - literary;
  • io - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 育
Mandarin Beijing /y⁵¹/
Harbin /y⁵³/
Tianjin /y⁵³/
Jinan /y²¹/
Qingdao /y⁴²/
Zhengzhou /y³¹²/
Xi'an /y⁴⁴/
Xining /y²¹³/
Yinchuan /y¹³/
Lanzhou /y¹³/
Ürümqi /y²¹³/
Wuhan /iəu²¹³/
Chengdu /yo³¹/
/y³¹/
Guiyang /iu²¹/
Kunming /iu³¹/
Nanjing /ʐuʔ⁵/
Hefei /yəʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /yəʔ²/
Pingyao /yʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /yəʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /ɦioʔ¹/
/ɦyɪʔ¹/
Suzhou /ioʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /ɦioʔ²/
Wenzhou /j̠ɤu²¹³/
Hui Shexian /iuʔ²¹/
Tunxi /iu⁵/
Xiang Changsha /ʐəu²⁴/
Xiangtan /iəɯ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /ȵiuʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /iuk̚¹/
Taoyuan /ʒɔk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jok̚²/
Nanning /juk̚⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /juk̚²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /iɔk̚⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /yʔ⁵/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /y²⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /iok̚⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zok̚⁵/
Rime
Character 育
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 余六切
Baxter yuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jiuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/iuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/juwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/iuk̚/
Wang
Li 		/jĭuk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/i̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		juk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 育
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yuwk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*m-quk/
English breed, produce

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 育
Reading # 1/1
No. 15984
Phonetic
component 		育
Rime
group 		覺
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		育
Old
Chinese 		/*luɡ/
Notes 說文肉聲非，實毓右隸變

Definitions

[edit]

育

  1. to give birth to
  2. to raise; to bring up; to rear
  3. to educate
  4. a surname

Compounds

[edit]

Pronunciation 2

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

育

  1. used in 杭育 (hángyō, “heave-ho”)

Pronunciation 3

[edit]

Definitions

[edit]

育

  1. ancient form of 胄 (zhòu, “descendant”)

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]
育

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. to bring up, to raise
  2. to grow, to grow up

Readings

[edit]

Compounds

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]
Kanji in this term
育
いく
Grade: 3
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 育 (MC yuwk).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Affix

[edit]

育(いく) • (iku) 

  1. to raise, to bring up; to grow up

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

育 (eumhun 기를 육 (gireul yuk))

  1. hanja form? of 육 (“to raise”)

Compounds

[edit]

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

育: Hán Việt readings: dục[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
育: Nôm readings: dọc[1][2][3][4][5][6][8], dục[7][8], rọc[1], trọc[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of dục (“(in compounds) to raise; to rear; to educate”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of dọc (“alongside, side by side; vertical”)
  3. chữ Nôm form of rọc (“to cut paper by folding it and slicing it by the fold”)

Compounds

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Takeuchi (1988).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Hồ (1976).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Bonet (1899).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Génibrel (1898).
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=育&oldid=92201437"