育

See also: 毓

育	U+80B2, 育 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80B2

← 肱
[U+80B1]

CJK Unified Ideographs

肳 →
[U+80B3]

育	U+2F982, 育 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F982

← 䏕
[U+2F981]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

脃 →
[U+2F983]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Alternative forms[edit]

In Taiwan, the upper component of the character contains ⿻一厶 (3 strokes) while in other regions, the upper component contains ⿱亠厶 (4 strokes).
In Taiwan, the bottom component of the character contains ⺼ (meat radical) while in other regions, the bottom component contains ⺝ (similar to 月 but with a vertical left stroke).
The historical Kangxi dictionary records two character forms, ⿳亠厶⺝ (8 strokes) and ⿱⿻一厶⺝ (7 strokes). The alternative form with 7 strokes (page 974, character 10) is based on Zhengzitong which claims that it is the original form (本字).
A CJK compatibility ideograph exists at U+2F982 for the alternative Taiwan form which contains ⿱亠厶 (4 strokes) as the upper component and ⺼ as the bottom component.

Han character[edit]

育 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+3 in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 肉+4 in Chinese (mainland China, Hong Kong), Japanese and Korean, 7 strokes in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 8 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 卜戈月 (YIB) or 大戈月 (KIB), four-corner 0022₇, composition ⿳亠厶⺝(GHJKV) or ⿱⿻一厶⺼(T) or ⿳亠厶⺼(U+2F982))

Derived characters[edit]

俼, 唷, 堉, 㛩, 㥔, 𢯡, 淯, 𦝑, 棛, 𣨧, 焴, 㻙, 逳, 𥺞, 䋭, 蜟, 䘻, 𧶰, 𨂔, 𨌯, 𨡚, 𣫺, 錥(𫓾), 𩛭, 𩩣
𠾀, 𡡠, 徹, 撤, 澈, 𤢉, 㬚, 𦠣, 㯙, 瞮, 𦅄, 𦔞, 䒆, 𨅊, 轍(辙), 𩍒, 𦚯, 㣃, 𨟝
𠃴, 𪟆, 𨛼, 𫆡, 𣣎, 𣪟, 𮌫, 𨿾, 𫆽, 𬛠, 𫇄, 𦱀, 𤀷

References[edit]

KangXi: page 976, character 14
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29318
Dae Jaweon: page 1427, character 27
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2052, character 5
Unihan data for U+80B2

Unihan data for U+2F982

Chinese[edit]

trad.		育
simp. ^#		育
alternative forms		毓𣫺袬𠫓

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 育
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (育) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
育	*luɡ
毓	*luɡ
棛	*luɡ
錥	*luɡ
焴	*luɡ
淯	*luɡ
蜟	*luɡ
堉	*luɡ
逳	*luɡ
蘛	*luɡ

A later alternative form of 毓. Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *luɡ): semantic 𠫓 (“upside-down baby, being born”) + phonetic 肉 (OC *njuɡ).

See 毓 for the earlier glyph.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yù (yu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄩˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): juk⁶, juk¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): yuk

(Meixian, Guangdong): yug⁵
Min Bei (KCR): ṳ̆
Min Dong (BUC): ṳ̆k
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): io̍k / io

(Teochew, Peng'im): iog⁸

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yù
  - Zhuyin: ㄩˋ
  - Wade–Giles: yü⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuh
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yù
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: juk⁶, juk¹
  - Yale: yuhk, yūk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: juk⁹, juk⁷
  - Guangdong Romanization: yug⁶, yug¹
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jʊk̚²/, /jʊk̚⁵/
Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: iug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /i̯uk̚²/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: (r)iug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: yug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯uk̚²/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: yug⁵
  - Sinological IPA: /iʊk̚¹/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̆
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /y²⁴/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: ṳ̆k
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /yʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io̍k
  - Tâi-lô: io̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: iok
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /iɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔk̚²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: io
  - Tâi-lô: io
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ioy
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /io⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /io³³/

Note:

io̍k - literary;
io - vernacular.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: iog⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: io̍k
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /iok̚⁴/

Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 育
Mandarin	Beijing	/y⁵¹/
	Harbin	/y⁵³/
	Tianjin	/y⁵³/
	Jinan	/y²¹/
	Qingdao	/y⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/y³¹²/
	Xi'an	/y⁴⁴/
	Xining	/y²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/y¹³/
	Lanzhou	/y¹³/
	Ürümqi	/y²¹³/
	Wuhan	/iəu²¹³/
	Chengdu	/yo³¹/ /y³¹/
	Guiyang	/iu²¹/
	Kunming	/iu³¹/
	Nanjing	/ʐuʔ⁵/
	Hefei	/yəʔ⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/yəʔ²/
	Pingyao	/yʌʔ¹³/
	Hohhot	/yəʔ⁴³/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦioʔ¹/ /ɦyɪʔ¹/
	Suzhou	/ioʔ⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɦioʔ²/
	Wenzhou	/j̠ɤu²¹³/
Hui	Shexian	/iuʔ²¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/iu⁵/
Xiang	Changsha	/ʐəu²⁴/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/iəɯ²⁴/
Gan	Nanchang	/ȵiuʔ⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/iuk̚¹/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/ʒɔk̚⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jok̚²/
	Nanning	/juk̚⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/juk̚²/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/iɔk̚⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/yʔ⁵/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/y²⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/iok̚⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/zok̚⁵/

Middle Chinese: /jɨuk̚/

Rime
Character	育
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	余六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/jiuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/iuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/juwk̚/
Li Rong	/iuk̚/
Wang Li	/jĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	juk⁶

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-quk/

(Zhengzhang): /*luɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	育
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yù
Middle Chinese	‹ yuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*m-quk/
English	breed, produce
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	育
Reading #	1/1
No.	15984
Phonetic component	育
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	育
Old Chinese	/*luɡ/
Notes	說文肉聲非，實毓右隸變

Definitions[edit]

育

to give birth to
to raise; to bring up; to rear
to educate
A surname.

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 育

社會教育／社会教育
節育／节育 (jiéyù)
終生教育／终生教育
終身教育／终身教育
絕育／绝育 (juéyù)
繁育 (fányù)
美育 (měiyù)
群育
義務教育／义务教育 (yìwù jiàoyù)
職前教育／职前教育
職業教育／职业教育
肥育 (féiyù)
育兒／育儿 (yù'ér)
育嬰／育婴 (yùyīng)
育幼院
育才 (yùcái)
育樂／育乐 (yùlè)
育種／育种 (yùzhǒng)
育育
育苗 (yùmiáo)
育齡／育龄 (yùlíng)
自然保育
蕃育
補償教育／补偿教育
補助教育／补助教育
補習教育／补习教育
覆育
視聽教育／视听教育
親職教育／亲职教育
計畫生育／计画生育
訓育／训育 (xùnyù)
賁育／贲育
資源保育／资源保育
軍事教育／军事教育
軍事體育／军事体育
通才教育
通識教育／通识教育 (tōngshí jiàoyù)
道德教育
選育／选育
阿育王 (Āyùwáng)
鞠育
養成教育／养成教育
養育／养育 (yǎngyù)
騎士教育／骑士教育
體育／体育 (tǐyù)
體育場／体育场 (tǐyùchǎng)
體育運動／体育运动 (tǐyù yùndòng)
體育館／体育馆 (tǐyùguǎn)
高等教育 (gāoděng jiàoyù)

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): yō (yo¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄧㄛ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: yō
  - Zhuyin: ㄧㄛ
  - Wade–Giles: yo¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: io
  - Tongyong Pinyin: yo
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɔ⁵⁵/

Definitions[edit]

育

Only used in 杭育 (hángyō, “heave-ho”).

Pronunciation 3[edit]

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhòu (zhou⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄡˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhòu
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄡˋ
  - Wade–Giles: chou⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jow
  - Tongyong Pinyin: jhòu
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂoʊ̯⁵¹/

Definitions[edit]

育

^† Alternative form of 胄 (zhòu, “descendant”).

References[edit]

“育”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

育

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

bring up, raise
grow

Readings[edit]

Go-on: いく (iku, Jōyō)
Kan-on: いく (iku, Jōyō)
Kun: そだてる (sodateru, 育てる, Jōyō); はぐくむ (hagukumu, 育む, Jōyō); そだつ (sodatsu, 育つ, Jōyō)

Compounds[edit]

教(きょう)育(いく) (kyōiku): education

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
育
いく Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 育 (MC jɨuk̚).

Pronunciation[edit]

On’yomi

IPA^(key): [ikɯ̟ᵝ]

Affix[edit]

育(いく) • (iku)

raise; bring up; grow up

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

育 (eumhun 기를 육 (gireul yuk))

Hanja form^? of 육 (“to raise”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

育: Hán Nôm readings: dục

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

育

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