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See also: and
U+5426, 否
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5426

[U+5425]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5427]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 30, +4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 一火口 (MFR), four-corner 10609, composition )

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 178, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3340
  • Dae Jaweon: page 395, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 586, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+5426

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
alternative forms 𠲎 Northern Wu
𠳝 Northern Wu

Glyph origin[edit]

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *brɯʔ, *pɯʔ): phonetic (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ', not) + semantic (mouth).

Etymology 1[edit]

See etymology of .

Pronunciation[edit]



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /fou²¹⁴/
Harbin /fau²¹³/
/fou²¹³/
Tianjin /fou¹³/
Jinan /fɔ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /fɔ⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /fu⁵³/
Xi'an /fu⁵³/
Xining /fv̩⁵³/
Yinchuan /fu⁵³/
Lanzhou /fu⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /fu⁵¹/
Wuhan /fəu⁴²/
Chengdu /fo⁵³/
/fəu⁵³/
Guiyang /fu⁴²/
Kunming /fəu⁵³/
Nanjing /fəi²¹²/
Hefei /fʊ²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /fu⁵³/
Pingyao
Hohhot /fu⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /fɤ³⁵/
Suzhou /fɤ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /fei⁵³/
Wenzhou /fɜ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /fo³⁵/
Tunxi /fo³¹/
Xiang Changsha /xəu⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ɸəɯ⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /fɛu²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /feu³¹/
Taoyuan /feu¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐu³⁵/
Nanning /fɐu³⁵/
Hong Kong /fɐu³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /hɔ⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /pʰeu³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /pʰe²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /hõu⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /fɔu²¹³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (1)
Final () (136)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter pjuwX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pɨuX/
Pan
Wuyun
/piuX/
Shao
Rongfen
/piəuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/puwX/
Li
Rong
/piuX/
Wang
Li
/pĭəuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pi̯ə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
fǒu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
fau2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
fǒu
Middle
Chinese
‹ pjuwX ›
Old
Chinese
/*pəʔ/
English not

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 1028
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pɯʔ/

Definitions[edit]

  1. nay; no; negative
  2. not
  3. final interrogative particle
Usage notes[edit]

(fǒu) is the form taken by () when the verb which it negates is omitted (Pulleyblank, 1995, p. 104).

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • phí - literary;
  • pháiⁿ/phái - vernacular (usually written as ).
Note:
  • pi2 - literary;
  • pai2 - vernacular (usually written as ).
  • Wu

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial () (3)
    Final () (17)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter bijX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /bˠiɪX/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /bᵚiX/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /biɪX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /bjiX/
    Li
    Rong
    /bjiX/
    Wang
    Li
    /biX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /bʱiX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    bei6
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 1022
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*brɯʔ/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. to block; to obstruct
    2. to denounce; to censure
    3. to become extinct
    4. poverty-stricken; poor
    5. evil; vile
    6. Alternative form of (, “superficial; shallow”).
    7. Alternative form of (, “lump in the abdomen”).
    8. 12th hexagram of the I Ching

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. no
    2. negate

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    いな
    Grade: 6
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of – see the following entry.
    いな
    [interjection] no
    [noun] nay, no
    [noun] (uncommon, perhaps archaic) a river snail
    (This term, , is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 6
    on’yomi

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    () (hi

    1. no

    Korean[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    (eumhun 아닐 (anil bu))

    1. Hanja form? of (not, no, negative).

    (eumhun 막힐 (makhil bi))

    1. Hanja form? of (obstruct, block).

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Nôm readings: , phủ, phầu

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Readings[edit]

    References[edit]

    • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
    • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
    • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999