飲

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See also: 飮 and 饮
飲 U+98F2, 飲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98F2
← 飱
[U+98F1] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 飳 →
[U+98F3]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

飲 (Kangxi radical 184, 食+4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人戈弓人 (OINO), four-corner 87782, composition ⿰飠欠)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1417, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44063
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4445, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+98F2

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 飲
Shang Western Zhou Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
貪 *kʰl'uːm
嗿 *l̥ʰuːmʔ
僋 *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
酓 *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
馠 *qʰɯːm
谽 *qʰɯːm
唅 *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
含 *ɡɯːm
肣 *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
頷 *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
筨 *ɡɯːm
梒 *ɡɯːm
鋡 *ɡɯːm
莟 *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
琀 *ɡɯːms
浛 *ɡɯːms
盦 *qɯːm, *qaːb
韽 *qɯːm, *qrɯːms
玪 *krɯːm
妗 *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
欦 *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
黔 *ɡram, *ɡrɯm
鈐 *ɡram
鳹 *ɡram
雂 *ɡram, *ɡrɯm
念 *nɯːms
梣 *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
枔 *sɢrɯm
岑 *sɡrɯm
笒 *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
涔 *sɡrɯm
侺 *ɡjɯms
今 *krɯm
黅 *krɯm
衿 *krɯm
衾 *kʰrɯm
坅 *kʰrɯmʔ
搇 *kʰrɯms
琴 *ɡrɯm
禽 *ɡrɯm
芩 *ɡrɯm
庈 *ɡrɯm
耹 *ɡrɯm
靲 *ɡrɯm
擒 *ɡrɯm
檎 *ɡrɯm
紟 *ɡrɯms
吟 *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
訡 *ŋɡrɯm
廞 *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
陰 *qrɯm
霠
飲 *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
蔭 *qrɯms
廕 *qrɯms
矜 *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 酉 (“bottle (of alcoholic beverages)”) + 人 (“person”) + 口 (“mouth (occasionally with the tongue protruding)”) – a person bending over a bottle to drink the alcoholic beverage. The droplets represented drops of the drink or saliva.

In the bronze script, the mouth separated from the body and corrupted into 今 (OC *krɯm), while the rest of the body became 欠 (OC *kʰoms). These two components also acted as phonetic components. These changes were inherited in the seal script, leading Shuowen to interpret this character (㱃) as a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms) : phonetic 酓 (OC *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms) + semantic 欠 (“yawn”).

In the clerical script, 酓 has been modified to 食 (“to eat”), which is inherited in the current form.

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔam (“to eat; to drink”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

trad. 飲
simp. 饮
alternative forms
 
㱃
酓
飮
𣲎
𩚜
㱃
酓
飮
𣲎
𩚜
泔 Eastern Min and Hokkien (colloquial)
湆 Hokkien (colloquial)

Note:
  • ěng - literary;
  • ǎing - colloquial (“rice water”).
Note:
  • īng - literary;
  • āng - colloquial (“rice water”).
Note:
  • ím - literary;
  • ám - colloquial (“rice water; sticky and watery”).
Note:
  • im2 - literary;
  • am2 - colloquial (“rice water”).
Rime
Character 飲
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 侵 (140)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於錦切
Baxter 'imX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔˠiɪmX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔᵚimX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiemX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔjimX/
Li
Rong 		/ʔjəmX/
Wang
Li 		/ĭĕmX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯əmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yǐn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jam2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 飲
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yǐn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔimX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*q(r)[u]mʔ/
English drink (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 飲
Reading # 1/2
No. 6625
Phonetic
component 		今
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		㱃
Old
Chinese 		/*qrɯmʔ/
Notes 說文作酓欠
Definitions[edit]

飲

  1. (literary or Cantonese, Hakka) to drink
    頸渴就飲水啦。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    颈渴就饮水啦。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    geng2 hot3 zau6 jam2 seoi2 laa1. [Jyutping]
    Drink water if you get thirsty.
  2. (Cantonese) to attend a banquet
    去飲／去饮 [Cantonese]  ―  heoi3 jam2 [Jyutping]  ―  to attend a banquet
    我今晚有得飲啊。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    我今晚有得饮啊。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    ngo5 gam1 maan5-1 jau5 dak1 jam2 aa1. [Jyutping]
    I have a banquet to attend.
  3. to swallow (tears); to nurse (grievance); to keep in the heart
  4. Alternative form of 隱／隐 (“to hide; to conceal”)
  5. beverage; drink
  6. diet; food
  7. (dialectal Cantonese, including Taishanese, Yangjiang; dialectal Gan; dialectal Hakka; Min) rice water
  8. (Xiamen, Zhangping and Taiwanese Hokkien) sticky and watery
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 喝 (“to drink”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 飲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 喝
Mandarin Beijing 喝
Taiwan 喝
Harbin 喝
Yantai (Muping) 喝
Jinan 喝
Luoyang 喝
Wanrong 喝
Xi'an 喝
Yinchuan 喝
Lanzhou 喝
Xining 喝
Ürümqi 喝
Wuhan 喝, 呵, 汩
Chengdu 吃, 喝
Guiyang 吃, 喝, 汩
Guilin 喝
Liuzhou 吃, 喝
Xuzhou 喝, 吃
Yangzhou 吃, 喝
Nanjing 吃, 喝
Hefei 喝
Malaysia 喝
Singapore 喝
Olginsky (Mikhaylovka) 喝
Cantonese Guangzhou 飲, 呷
Hong Kong 飲, 呷
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 飲
Macau 飲
Guangzhou (Panyu) 飲
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 飲
Guangzhou (Conghua) 飲
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 飲
Foshan 飲
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 飲
Foshan (Shunde) 飲
Foshan (Sanshui) 飲
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 飲
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 飲
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 飲
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 飲
Zhuhai (Doumen) 飲
Jiangmen (Baisha) 飲
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 飲
Taishan 飲
Kaiping (Chikan) 飲
Enping (Niujiang) 飲
Heshan (Yayao) 飲
Dongguan 飲, 食1, 呷
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 飲
Yangjiang 呷, 吃
Wuzhou 飲
Hepu (Lianzhou) 吃
Hepu (Shatian) 飲
Qinzhou 飲
Qinzhou (Xiniujiao) 飲
Beihai 食1
Beihai (Nankang) 飲
Beihai (Yingpan) 飲
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 飲
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 飲
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 飲, 食1
Danzhou 吃
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 飲
Penang (Guangfu) 飲
Singapore (Guangfu) 飲
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 飲
Móng Cái 飲
Gan Nanchang 吃
Lichuan 吃
Pingxiang 吃
Hakka Meixian 食1, 啉, 飲, 啜
Xingning 食1
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 飲
Huiyang 食1
Huidong (Daling) 食1
Dongguan (Qingxi) 食1
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 食1
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 食1, 飲
Wuhua (Huacheng) 食1
Wuhua (Meilin) 食1
Heyuan (Bendihua) 食1
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 食1
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 食1
Conghua (Lütian) 飲
Jiexi 食1
Changting 食1
Wuping 食1
Wuping (Pingyu) 食1
Liancheng 食1
Ninghua 食1
Yudu 食1
Ruijin 食1
Shicheng 食1
Shangyou (Shexi) 食1
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 食1, 啉, 飲
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 食1, 啉, 飲
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 食1, 啉, 飲
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 食1, 啉, 飲
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 食1, 啉, 飲
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 啉, 食1
Hong Kong 食1
Luchuan 食1
Kuching (Hepo) 食1, 飲, 啉
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 食1
Huizhou Jixi 吃
Jin Taiyuan 喝
Xinzhou 喝
Northern Min Jian'ou 啜, 饁
Eastern Min Fuzhou 啜, 食3
Singapore (Fuqing) 食3
Sitiawan (Gutian) 食3
Southern Min Xiamen 啉, 食3, 哈 alcohol, 啜 usually soup
Xiamen (Tong'an) 啉
Quanzhou 啉, 食3, 哈 alcohol, 啜 usually soup
Jinjiang 啉
Zhangzhou 啉, 食3, 啜 usually soup
Zhao'an 食3, 啉
Taipei 啉
New Taipei (Sanxia) 啉
Kaohsiung 啉
Yilan 啉, 哈, 食3
Changhua (Lukang) 啉
Taichung 啉
Tainan 啉, 哈, 食3, 灌
Hsinchu 啉, 哈
Kinmen 啉
Penghu (Magong) 食3, 啉
Penang (Hokkien) 啉
Singapore (Hokkien) 啉
Manila (Hokkien) 啉
Medan (Hokkien) 啉
Chaozhou 食3, 啉
Shantou 食3, 啉
Shantou (Chenghai) 食3, 啉
Jieyang 食3, 啉
Haifeng 食3
Singapore (Teochew) 食3
Batam (Teochew) 食3
Pontianak (Teochew) 食3, 啉
Leizhou 啜, 食3
Wenchang 啜, 食3
Haikou 啜, 食3
Qionghai 啜, 食3
Singapore (Hainanese) 食3, 啜
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 飲
Sanxiang 飲
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 飲, 吃, 呷
Wu Shanghai 吃, 呷, 呼
Shanghai (Chongming) 吃
Suzhou 吃, 呷, 呼
Danyang 吃
Hangzhou 吃
Hangzhou (Yuhang) 吃
Ningbo 吃
Wenzhou 呷, 吃
Jinhua 吃, 呷
Xiang Changsha 吃
Loudi 吃
Shuangfeng 吃, 呵
Dialectal synonyms of 米湯 (“rice water; water in which rice has been cooked”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 米湯
Mandarin Beijing 米湯
Taiwan 米湯
Harbin 米湯
Jinan 米湯, 飯湯
Xi'an 米湯
Yinchuan 米湯
Ürümqi 米湯湯子
Wuhan 米湯
Chengdu 米湯
Guiyang 米湯
Guilin 米湯
Liuzhou 米湯
Nanning (Wuming) 米湯, 米油
Xuzhou 米湯
Yangzhou 米湯, 銀湯
Nanjing 米湯
Hefei 飲湯
Yanping 飯湯
Cantonese Guangzhou 飯湯
Taishan 飲
Kaiping (Chikan) 飲
Dongguan 飯飲, 米飲
Yangjiang 飲
Nanning 米羹
Wuzhou 米羹
Yulin 米順
Hepu (Lianzhou) 米羹
Hepu (Shatian) 米飲
Beihai 米羹
Beihai (Nankang) 米羹
Beihai (Yingpan) 米羹
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 米羹
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 米羹
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 米羹
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 米水
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 米湯
Móng Cái 米羹
Gan Nanchang 飲湯
Lichuan 飯郎
Hakka Meixian 飯湯, 粥湯
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 飯飲, 飲
Yudu 飯湯
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 飯湯
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 飯湯
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 飯湯
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 飯湯
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 飯湯
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 飯湯
Luchuan (Daqiao) 米湯
Huizhou Jixi 飲湯
Jin Taiyuan 米湯
Northern Min Jian'ou 飲, 白飲
Songxi 飲, 飯飲
Zhenghe 飯飲
Jianyang 飲, 白飲
Wuyishan 飲
Pucheng (Shibei) 白飲
Eastern Min Fuzhou 飲, 飯飲, 飲湯, 飲汁
Gutian 飲
Ningde 飲
Zhouning 飲
Fuding 飲
Southern Min Xiamen 飲, 飲湯, 飲漿
Quanzhou 飲, 飲湯, 飲漿
Yongchun 飲
Zhangzhou 飲, 飲湯, 飲漿
New Taipei (Tamsui) 飲
New Taipei (Pingxi) 飲
Kaohsiung (Cijin) 飲
Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 飲
Yilan (Toucheng) 飲
Tainan 飲
Tainan (Anping) 飲
Penghu (Xiyu) 飲
Longyan 飲
Zhangping (Yongfu) 飲湯, 飲, 飯飲
Datian 飲
Shunchang (Pushang) 飲
Chaozhou 飲
Shantou 飲
Shantou (Chenghai) 飲
Nan'ao (Houzhai) 飲
Nan'ao (Yun'ao) 飲
Jieyang 飲, 飯飲
Haifeng 飲
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 飲
Leizhou 飲
Haikou 飲, 糜飲
Puxian Min Putian 飲
Xianyou 飲
Fuding (Aoyao) 飲
Central Min Yong'an 飯湯
Sanyuan 飯湯
Shaxian 飯湯
Shaojiang Min Shaowu 飯湯
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 米湯
Northern Pinghua Guilin (Dahe) 米湯
Wu Shanghai 米韌湯
Shanghai (Chongming) 米油茶, 米湯
Suzhou 米湯, 米飲湯
Danyang 米湯, 飯湯
Hangzhou 飯飲湯
Ningbo 飯鑊飲湯, 米飲湯
Wenzhou 飲, 飲湯
Jinhua 飯湯
Jinhua (Tangxi) 湯水
Xiang Changsha 米湯
Loudi 米湯子, 米湯
Shuangfeng 米湯
Quanzhou 米湯
Compounds[edit]

Pronunciation 2[edit]

trad. 飲
simp. 饮
alternative forms
 
㱃
酓
飮
𣲎
𩚜
㱃
酓
飮
𣲎
𩚜
𢳃 “to water”
𢪪 “to water”

Rime
Character 飲
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 侵 (140)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於禁切
Baxter 'imH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔˠiɪmH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔᵚimH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiemH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔjimH/
Li
Rong 		/ʔjəmH/
Wang
Li 		/ĭĕmH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯əmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yìn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jam3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 飲
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yìn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔimH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*q(r)[ə]mʔ-s/
English give to drink

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 飲
Reading # 2/2
No. 6626
Phonetic
component 		今
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		蔭
Old
Chinese 		/*qrɯms/
Notes 同㱃
Definitions[edit]

飲

  1. to give (animals) water to drink; to water (animals)
  2. (Southwestern Mandarin) to water (plants)
  3. (literary) to wine and dine (someone); to entertain with alcohol and food
Synonyms[edit]
Dialectal synonyms of 澆 (“to pour; to water”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 澆
Mandarin Beijing 澆
Taiwan 澆
Harbin 澆
Yantai (Muping) 澆, 淋
Jinan 澆
Wanrong 淋
Xi'an 澆, 淋
Xining 澆
Ürümqi 澆
Wuhan 澆, 飲
Chengdu 淋, 飲
Guiyang 淋
Liuzhou 淋
Xuzhou 澆
Yangzhou 澆
Nanjing 澆
Hefei 澆
Singapore 澆
Cantonese Guangzhou 淋
Hong Kong 淋
Dongguan 淋
Yangjiang 淋
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 淋
Gan Nanchang 澆, 淋
Lichuan 澆
Hakka Meixian 淋
Dongguan (Qingxi) 淋
Heyuan (Bendihua) 淋
Wengyuan 淋
Liannan 淋
Jiexi 淋
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 沃
Changting 潑
Wuping (Yanqian) 沃
Ninghua 沃
Ningdu 淋
Tonggu (Sandu) 淋
Ganzhou (Panlong) 澆
Dayu 淋
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 淋
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 淋
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 淋
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 淋
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 淋, 浴
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 沃
Hong Kong 淋
Yangxi (Tangkou) 淋
Yangchun (Sanjia) 淋
Xinyi (Sihe) 淋
Xinyi (Qianpai) 淋
Gaozhou (Xindong) 淋
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 淋
Huazhou (Xin'an) 淋
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 淋
Lianjiang (Qingping) 淋
Mengshan (Xihe) 淋
Luchuan 淋
Senai (Huiyang) 淋
Huizhou Jixi 澆
Jin Taiyuan 澆
Xinzhou 澆
Northern Min Jian'ou 沃
Eastern Min Fuzhou 沃
Southern Min Xiamen 沃
Quanzhou 沃
Jinjiang 沃
Zhangzhou 沃
Tainan 沃
Penang (Hokkien) 沃
Singapore (Hokkien) 沃
Manila (Hokkien) 沃
Chaozhou 沃
Shantou 沃
Jieyang 沃
Bangkok (Teochew) 沃
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 沃
Leizhou 淋, 沃
Haikou 沃
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 澆, 淋
Wu Shanghai 澆
Shanghai (Chongming) 澆
Suzhou 澆
Danyang 澆
Hangzhou 澆
Wenzhou 澆, 浰, 淋
Jinhua 澆, 淋
Xiang Changsha 淋, 印
Loudi 淋
Shuangfeng 淋, 印
Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

trad. 飲
simp. 饮

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

飲

  1. (Hokkien) Alternative form of 啉 (lim, “to drink”)

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai

飲

Kyūjitai

飮

Kanji[edit]

飲

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 飮)

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Kanji in this term
飲
いん
Grade: 3
kan’on
Alternative spelling
飮 (kyūjitai)

From Middle Chinese 飲 (MC 'imX|'imH).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

飲(いん) • (in) 

  1. drink
  2. bear; endure

Derived terms[edit]

Derived terms

Noun[edit]

飲(いん) • (in) 

  1. (literary) drinking (alcoholic beverages)
  2. (literary) drink; beverage
  3. (literary) banquet; feast

References[edit]

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

飲 (eumhun 마실 음 (masil eum))

  1. drink
  2. inhale

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

飲: Hán Nôm readings: ẩm, ỡm, hẩm

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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