隱

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See also: 隐 and 隠
隱 U+96B1, 隱
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-96B1
← 隰
[U+96B0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 隲 →
[U+96B2]

Translingual[edit]

Traditional 隱
Shinjitai 隠
Simplified 隐

Han character[edit]

隱 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓中月一心 (NLBMP), four-corner 72237, composition ⿰阝㥯)

Derived characters[edit]

Related characters[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1362, character 15
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41891
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1865, character 15
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4162, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+96B1

Chinese[edit]

trad. 隱
simp. 隐
alternative forms
 
隠
𨼆
𤔌 ancient form
𠃊 ancient form
乚
隠
𨼆
𤔌 ancient form
𠃊 ancient form
乚
𠃑

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (隱) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
隱 *qɯnʔ, *qɯns
櫽 *qɯnʔ
嶾 *qɯnʔ
癮 *qɯn
懚 *qɯns
檼 *qɯns
穩 *qʷɯːnʔ

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qɯnʔ, *qɯns): semantic 阜 + phonetic 㥯 ().

Pronunciation 1[edit]

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 隱
Mandarin Beijing /in²¹⁴/
Harbin /in²¹³/
Tianjin /in¹³/
Jinan /iẽ⁵⁵/
Qingdao /iə̃⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /in⁵³/
Xi'an /iẽ⁵³/
Xining /iə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /iŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ĩn⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /iŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /in⁴²/
Chengdu /in⁵³/
Guiyang /in⁴²/
/ŋen⁴²/
Kunming /ĩ⁵³/
Nanjing /in²¹²/
Hefei /in²⁴/
Jin Taiyuan /iəŋ⁵³/
Pingyao /iŋ⁵³/
Hohhot /ĩŋ⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /iŋ²³/
Suzhou /in⁵¹/
Hangzhou /ʔin⁵³/
Wenzhou /j̠aŋ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /iʌ̃³⁵/
Tunxi /in³¹/
Xiang Changsha /in⁴¹/
Xiangtan /in²¹/
Gan Nanchang /in²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /iun³¹/
Taoyuan /ʒuŋ³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐn³⁵/
Nanning /jɐn³⁵/
Hong Kong /jɐn³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /un⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /yŋ³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /iŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ɯŋ⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /un²¹³/
Rime
Character 隱
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 欣 (57)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於謹切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔɨnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔɨnX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔɨnX/
Li
Rong 		/ʔiənX/
Wang
Li 		/ĭənX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯ənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yǐn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jan2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 隱
Reading # 1/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yǐn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔjɨnX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ʔ](r)ə[n]ʔ/
English grieved; suffering

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 隱
Reading # 1/2
No. 15314
Phonetic
component 		隱
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		隱
Old
Chinese 		/*qɯnʔ/

Definitions[edit]

隱

  1. to hide; to cover; to shield
  2. to conceal; to cover up
  3. hidden; concealed
  4. profound; subtle; delicate
  5. facts one wishes to hide; feelings or troubles one wishes to keep to oneself; secret
  6. secretly; inwardly

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 隱

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Rime
Character 隱
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 欣 (57)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於靳切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔɨnH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔɨnH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiənH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔɨnH/
Li
Rong 		/ʔiənH/
Wang
Li 		/ĭənH/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯ənH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yìn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jan3
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 隱
Reading # 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yǐn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔjɨnX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ʔ](r)ə[n]ʔ/
English conceal

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 隱
Reading # 2/2
No. 15319
Phonetic
component 		隱
Rime
group 		文
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		㒚
Old
Chinese 		/*qɯns/

Definitions[edit]

隱

  1. † to lean upon

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 隱

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai

隠

Kyūjitai

隱

Kanji[edit]

隱

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 隠)

  1. Kyūjitai form of 隠 (“to hide; to conceal”)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Middle Chinese 隱 (MC ʔɨnX).

Hanja[edit]

隱 (eumhun 숨을 은 (sumeul eun))

  1. Hanja form? of 은 (“hide”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Old Korean[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Conventionally reconstructed as *-n, after the Middle Korean reflexes.

Etymology 1[edit]

From the coda consonant of Old Chinese 隱 (OC *qɯnʔ, *qɯns) or Middle Chinese 隱 (MC ʔɨnX, ʔɨnH).

Phonogram[edit]

隱 (*-n)

  1. A consonantal phonogram denoting coda consonant *-n
    ‎白 (“hundred”, logogram) + ‎隱 (*-n, coda-marking phonogram) → ‎白隱 (*WOn, “hundred”)
    ‎千 (“thousand”, logogram) + ‎隱 (*-n, coda-marking phonogram) → ‎千隱 (*CUMUn, “thousand”)

Etymology 2[edit]

Particle[edit]

隱 (*-(u)n)

  1. The Korean topic marker, with various nuances according to context:
    1. Used to mark an already known topic, to which the subsequent statement applies.
      • c. 750, 月明師 (Wolmyeongsa), “祭亡妹歌 (Jemangmae-ga)”, in 三國遺事 (Samguk Yusa) [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]:
        生死路隱此矣有阿米次肹伊遣
        As life and death's paths [TOP] are present here, my way is blocked [or "I am in fear" or "I hesitate"].
      • c. 1170, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Avatamsaka Sutra, vol. 35, page 1:04—05:
        [此]是菩薩隱[是]是事有叱隱入以
        *i PWO.SAL-un i IL Is-un to-lwo
        Given that this Bodhisattva [TOP] has this matter
        (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms. Bracketed terms were ignored when read.)
      • c. 1250, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Golden Light Sutra:
        佛隱[言]]乃示尸善男子良五種法乙依良
        *PWUTHYE-n nwoy-si-l SYEN.NAM.CO-ya WO.CYONG.PEP-ur UY[?]-a
        As for the Buddha, his [honored] sayings: "O good men! Rely on the Five Laws, and..."
        (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms. Bracketed terms were ignored when read.)
    2. Used in comparative or contrastive constructions.
      • 765, 忠談師 (Chungdamsa), “安民歌 (Anmin-ga)”, in 三國遺事 (Samguk Yusa) [Memorabilia of the Three Kingdoms]:
        君隱父也臣隱愛賜尸母史也
        *NIMKUM-un AP-ye SIN-un TOSU-si-lq Esi-ye
        The sovereign [TOP] is a father; the ministers [TOP] are loving mothers
      • c. 1250, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Golden Light Sutra, page 7.14:
        法身隱虛空如支齊智慧隱大雲如支齊爲良
        As for the dharmakāya, it is akin to emptiness, and as for wisdom, it is like a great cloud, so […]
        (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms. Bracketed terms were ignored when read.)
    3. Used with an emphatic sense.
      • c. 1250, Interpretive gugyeol glosses to the Golden Light Sutra, page 8.15—16:
        [於]十地良中隱智波羅蜜乙行向爲在音叱如
        *SIP.TI-akuy-n TI.PA.LA.MIL-ur HOYNG.HYANG-ho-kye-ms-ta
        Indeed in the ten bhūmis, it is fitting that one constantly practices the wisdom pāramitā
        (N.B. Gugyeol glyphs are given in non-abbreviated forms. Bracketed terms were ignored when read.)
Usage notes[edit]

In Middle and Modern Korean, the allomorph taken by the topic marker after a vowel may be 는 (-neun) instead of ㄴ (-n), especially in formal speech. This is the result of reduplication of the topic marker at some point and may not have been present in Old Korean, although the phonologically opaque nature of the orthography makes it difficult to tell.

Descendants[edit]
  • Middle Korean: 은〮 (-(ú)n, topic marker)
    • Early Modern Korean: 은 (-(u)n, topic marker)
      • Korean: 은 (-(eu)n, topic marker)
    • Jeju: 은 (-(eu)n, topic marker)

Etymology 3[edit]

Suffix[edit]

隱 (*-(u)n)

  1. A realis gerund suffix:
    1. what is, what was, what has, etc.; used to nominalize verbs in the realis mood.
    2. which is, which was, which has, etc.; used to make verbal adnominals in the realis mood.
Descendants[edit]
  • Middle Korean: 은〮 (-(ú)n, verbal realis particle, generally adnominal)
    • Korean: 은 (-(eu)n, verbal past and adjectival realis adnominal suffix)
  • ⇒ Middle Korean: 니〮 (-ní)
    • Korean: 니 (-ni)
  • ⇒ Middle Korean: 니〮 (-ní)
  • ⇒ Middle Korean: 녀〮 (-nyé)
    • Korean: 냐 (-nya)
  • ⇒ Middle Korean: 뇨〮 (-nyó)
    • Korean: 뇨 (-nyo)
  • ⇒ Middle Korean: 은〮가〮 (-(ú)nká)
  • ⇒ Middle Korean: 은〮고〮 (-(ú)nkwó)
  • ⇒ Middle Korean: 은〮대〮 (-(ú)ntáy)
See also[edit]
  • 尸 (*-l, irrealis gerund)

References[edit]

  • 황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop) et al. (2009) 석독구결사전/釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Bakmunsa, →ISBN, pages 411—549

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

隱: Hán Việt readings: ẩn (於(ư)謹(cẩn)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
隱: Nôm readings: ẩn[1][2][4][6], ửng[3][7], ăng[3], ổn[3], ẳng[5]

  1. chữ Hán form of ẩn (“to seclude oneself; to hide oneself”).

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Bonet (1899).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Génibrel (1898).
  6. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
  7. ^ Hồ (1976).
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