琴
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
琴 (Kangxi radical 96, 玉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一土人戈弓 (MGOIN), four-corner 11207, composition ⿱玨今)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 735, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21079
- Dae Jaweon: page 1147, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1119, character 7
- Unihan data for U+7434
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 琴 | |
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simp. # | 琴 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 琴 |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Small seal script |
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Old Chinese | |
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貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
馠 | *qʰɯːm |
谽 | *qʰɯːm |
唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
含 | *ɡɯːm |
肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
筨 | *ɡɯːm |
梒 | *ɡɯːm |
鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
琀 | *ɡɯːms |
浛 | *ɡɯːms |
盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
玪 | *krɯːm |
妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
鈐 | *ɡram |
鳹 | *ɡram |
雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
念 | *nɯːms |
梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
枔 | *sɢrɯm |
岑 | *sɡrɯm |
笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
涔 | *sɡrɯm |
侺 | *ɡjɯms |
今 | *krɯm |
黅 | *krɯm |
衿 | *krɯm |
衾 | *kʰrɯm |
坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
搇 | *kʰrɯms |
琴 | *ɡrɯm |
禽 | *ɡrɯm |
芩 | *ɡrɯm |
庈 | *ɡrɯm |
耹 | *ɡrɯm |
靲 | *ɡrɯm |
擒 | *ɡrɯm |
檎 | *ɡrɯm |
紟 | *ɡrɯms |
吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
陰 | *qrɯm |
霠 | |
飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
蔭 | *qrɯms |
廕 | *qrɯms |
矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrɯm): semantic 珡 + phonetic 今 (OC *krɯm).
Etymology 1[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
琴
- (music) qin (“Chinese zithers”), referring to any of several traditional Chinese musical instruments, most famously the guqin
- † to play the qin
- (music) collective name for certain musical instruments, usually of string or keyboard types, such as piano, organ, violin, cello, huqin, accordion, harmonica, etc.
- (music, specifically) piano
Synonyms[edit]
- (piano):
Variety | Location | Words |
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Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 鋼琴 | |
Mandarin | Taiwan | 鋼琴 |
Xi'an | 鋼琴 | |
Xining | 鋼琴 | |
Ürümqi | 鋼琴 | |
Chengdu | 鋼琴 | |
Xuzhou | 鋼琴 | |
Nanjing | 鋼琴 | |
Singapore | 鋼琴 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 鋼琴 |
Hong Kong | 鋼琴, 琴 | |
Taishan | 鋼琴 | |
Dongguan | 鋼琴 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 鋼琴 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 鋼琴, 皮阿諾 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 鋼琴 | |
Pingtung (Wuluo, Ligang; S. Sixian) | 鋼琴 | |
Kaohsiung (Meinong; S. Sixian) | 鋼琴 | |
Kaohsiung (Shanlin; S. Sixian) | 鋼琴 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 鋼琴, 皮阿諾 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 鋼琴, 皮阿諾 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 鋼琴, 皮阿諾 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 鋼琴, 皮阿諾 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 鋼琴 |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 鋼琴 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 鋼琴 |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 鋼琴 |
Quanzhou | 鋼琴 | |
Zhangzhou | 鋼琴 | |
Tainan | 鋼琴 | |
Haikou | 鋼琴 | |
Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 鋼琴 |
Wu | Shanghai | 鋼琴, 披耶挪 |
Hangzhou | 鋼琴 | |
Ningbo | 鋼琴 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 鋼琴 |
Descendants[edit]
Compounds[edit]
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Etymology 2[edit]
See 琴日.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
琴
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
- “琴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: ごん (gon)←ごん (gon, historical)←ごむ (gomu, ancient)
- Kan-on: きん (kin, Jōyō)←きん (kin, historical)←きむ (kimu, ancient)
- Kun: こと (koto, 琴, Jōyō)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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琴 |
こと Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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箏 (Japanese zither) |
⟨ko2to2⟩ → */kətə/ → /koto/
From Old Japanese, attested in the three major literature works of the Nara period: the Kojiki (712 CE), the Nihon Shoki (720 CE), and the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE).[1]
Possibly derived from a compound of elements 木 (ko, “tree, wood”, combining form) + 音 (oto, “sound”), with the additional medial o dropped by haplology.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- koto: a Japanese zither derived from the Chinese guzheng
- (colloquial) guzheng: a Chinese zither on which the koto was based [since after the Edo period]
- Synonym: 箏 (sō)
Derived terms[edit]
- 琴頭 (kotogami)
- こと座 (Koto-za, “Lyra”)
- 琴柱 (kotoji, “bridge of a koto”)
- 琴尾 (kotojiri), 琴後 (kotojiri)
- 琴爪 (kotozume, “koto plectrum”)
- 琴鳥 (kotodori, “superb lyrebird”)
- 琴弾き (kotohiki)
- 東琴 (azumagoto)
- 出雲琴 (Izumo-goto)
- 須磨琴 (Suma-goto)
- 小琴 (ogoto)
- 百済琴 (Kudara-goto)
- 新羅琴 (Shiragi-goto)
- 箏の琴 (sō no koto)
- 大正琴 (Taishō-goto)
- 竪琴 (tategoto)
- 玉琴 (tamagoto)
- 琵琶琴 (Biwa-goto)
- 八雲琴 (yakumo-goto)
- 大和琴 (Yamato-goto)
Proper noun[edit]
- a female given name
- a surname
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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琴 |
きん Grade: S |
kan’on |
/kimʉ/ → /kiɴ/
From Middle Chinese 琴 (MC ɡˠiɪm). The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Affix[edit]
- guqin (ancient Chinese seven-stringed zither) or other related instruments
- any stringed or keyboard instrument
Derived terms[edit]
Proper noun[edit]
- a female given name
- a surname
See also[edit]
- 箏 (sō, “guzheng, zheng”): a Chinese zither similar to the Japanese koto
- 瑟 (shitsu, “se”): another kind of ancient Chinese zither
Etymology 3[edit]
Various nanori readings.
Proper noun[edit]
- a surname
- a surname
- a female given name
- a surname
- a female given name
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)
Pronunciation[edit]
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [kɯm]
- Phonetic hangul: [금]
Hanja[edit]
琴 (eumhun 거문고 금 (geomun'go geum))
Compounds[edit]
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Derived terms[edit]
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