琴

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琴 U+7434, 琴
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7434
← 琳
[U+7433]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 琵 →
[U+7435]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

琴 (radical 96 玉+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 一土人戈弓 (MGOIN), four-corner 11207, composition ⿱玨今)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 735, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21079
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1147, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1119, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+7434

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 琴
alt. forms
 
珡
𤦡
𤩟
琹
𨨖
𨪖
𩰔
䦦
𤫍
𨫹
䥅
䥆
𤫒

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
貪 *kʰl'uːm
嗿 *l̥ʰuːmʔ
僋 *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
酓 *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
馠 *qʰɯːm
谽 *qʰɯːm
唅 *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
含 *ɡɯːm
肣 *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
頷 *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
筨 *ɡɯːm
梒 *ɡɯːm
鋡 *ɡɯːm
莟 *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
琀 *ɡɯːms
浛 *ɡɯːms
盦 *qɯːm, *qaːb
韽 *qɯːm, *qrɯːms
玪 *krɯːm
妗 *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
欦 *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
黔 *ɡram, *ɡrɯm
鈐 *ɡram
鳹 *ɡram
雂 *ɡram, *ɡrɯm
念 *nɯːms
梣 *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
枔 *sɢrɯm
岑 *sɡrɯm
笒 *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
涔 *sɡrɯm
侺 *ɡjɯms
今 *krɯm
黅 *krɯm
衿 *krɯm
衾 *kʰrɯm
坅 *kʰrɯmʔ
搇 *kʰrɯms
琴 *ɡrɯm
禽 *ɡrɯm
芩 *ɡrɯm
庈 *ɡrɯm
耹 *ɡrɯm
靲 *ɡrɯm
擒 *ɡrɯm
檎 *ɡrɯm
紟 *ɡrɯms
吟 *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
訡 *ŋɡrɯm
廞 *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
陰 *qrɯm
霠 *qrɯm
飲 *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
蔭 *qrɯms
廕 *qrɯms
矜 *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrɯm): semantic 珡 + phonetic 今 (OC *krɯm).

Etymology 1[edit]

EB1911 - Volume 01 - Page 001 - 1.svg This entry lacks etymological information. If you are familiar with the origin of this term, please add it to the page per etymology instructions. You can also discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 琴
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 侵 (140)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 巨金切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɡˠiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɡᵚim/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɡiem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /gjim/
Li
Rong		 /ɡjəm/
Wang
Li		 /ɡĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /gi̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 qín
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 琴
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 qín
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ gim ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[C.ɢ](r)[ə]m/
English lute

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 琴
Reading # 1/1
No. 6605
Phonetic
component		 今
Rime
group		 侵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 琴
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡrɯm/

Definitions[edit]

琴

  1. (music) qin (“Chinese zithers”), referring to any of several traditional Chinese musical instruments, most famously the guqin
  2. † to play the qin
  3. (music) collective name for certain musical instruments, usually of string or keyboard types, such as piano, organ, violin, cello, huqin, accordion, harmonica, etc.
Descendants[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms from 琴

Etymology 2[edit]

See 琴日.

Pronunciation[edit]

Definitions[edit]

琴

  1. (Cantonese) yesterday

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

琴

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Wikipedia
Kanji in this term
琴
こと
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/ko2 oto2/ invalid IPA characters (22) → */kooto/ → /koto/

Likely from Old Japanese. Originally a compound of 木 (こ) (ko, “tree, wood”) + 音 (おと) (oto, “sound”), (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) with the initial o dropped by haplology.

Compare 事 (koto).

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

琴 (hiragana こと, rōmaji koto)

  1. koto: a Japanese traditional zither or harp, inspired by the guzheng (Chinese zither)
  2. (archaic) any stringed instrument
Usage notes[edit]
  • Usually spelled as 箏, for the "Chinese zither" sense.
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Proper noun[edit]

琴 (hiragana こと, rōmaji Koto)

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname​.

Etymology 2[edit]

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
琴
きん
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 琴 (MC ɡˠiɪm). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

琴 (hiragana きん, rōmaji kin)

  1. qin (Chinese zither)
  2. Short for 古琴 (kokin, “guqin”).
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
See also[edit]

Proper noun[edit]

琴 (hiragana きん, rōmaji Kin)

  1. a female given name
  2. a surname​.

Etymology 3[edit]

Various nanori readings.

Proper noun[edit]

琴 (hiragana くむ, rōmaji Kumu)

  1. a surname​.

琴 (hiragana ぐん, rōmaji Gun)

  1. a surname​.

琴 (hiragana ことえ, rōmaji Kotoe)

  1. a female given name

琴 (hiragana ことざき, rōmaji Kotozaki)

  1. a surname​.

琴 (hiragana ことみ, rōmaji Kotomi)

  1. a female given name

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

琴 • (geum) (hangeul 금, revised geum, McCune-Reischauer kŭm, Yale kum)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

琴 (cầm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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