床

See also: 牀

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

床 (radical 53 广+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 戈木 (ID), X戈木 (XID), four-corner 0029₄, composition ⿸广木)

See also

• 麻 凩

References

• KangXi: page 343, character 24
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9242
• Dae Jaweon: page 653, character 12
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 873, character 20
• Unihan data for U+5E8A

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Chinese

		-
simp. and trad.		床

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): chuáng (chuang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄔㄨㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cong⁴
• Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): chhòng
• Min Dong (BUC): chòng
• Min Nan (POJ): chhn̂g / sn̂g
• Wu (WT Romanisation): zaan (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: chuáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄤˊ
    • Wade-Giles: ch'uang²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwang
    • IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu̯ɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: cong⁴
    • Yale: chòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsong⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɔːŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • Romanisations:
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhòng
    • IPA (Siyen, including Miaoli): /t͡sʰoŋ¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chòng
    • IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰouŋ⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhn̂g / sn̂g
    • Tâi-lô: tshn̂g / sn̂g
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰŋ̍²³/, /sŋ̍²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰŋ̍¹³/, /sŋ̍¹³/
• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • WT Romanisation: zaan (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /z̻ɑ̃²³/

Middle Chinese pronunciation (床, reconstructed)
Character (床), Pronunciation 1/1
Initial: 崇 (20) Final: 陽 Division: III			Openness: Open Tone: Level (Ø)			Fanqie: 士莊切
Zhengzhang Shangfang	Bernard Karlgren	Li Rong	Pan Wuyun	Edwin Pulleyblank	Wang Li	Shao Rongfen
/d͡ʒɨɐŋ/	/ɖ͡ʐʱi̯aŋ/	/d͡ʒiaŋ/	/ɖ͡ʐiɐŋ/	/ɖ͡ʐɨaŋ/	/d͡ʒĭaŋ/	/d͡ʒiɑŋ/

Old Chinese pronunciation (床, reconstructed)
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character					No.					Phonetic component					Rime group					Rime subdivision					Corresponding MC rime					Old Chinese					Notes
床					10310					爿					陽					0					牀					/*zraŋ/					俗牀字

Definitions

床

1. bed, couch
2. framework, chassis

Compounds

Derived terms

• 起床 (qǐchuáng, "to get up")

• 床鋪／床铺 ("bed")

• 床單／床单 ("bed sheet")

• 賴床／赖床

• 懶床／懒床

• 上床

• 床架 ("bed frame")

• 溫床／温床

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Japanese

Kanji

床

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Goon: じょう (jō) (non-Jōyō reading), (historical) じやう (jau)
• Kan’on: そう (sō) (non-Jōyō reading), (historical) さう (sau)
• Kan’yōon: しょう (shō), (historical) しやう (shau)
• Kun: ゆか (yuka), とこ (toko), ゆか.しい (yuka.shii)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term

床

ゆか Grade: S

kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Attested in the 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki), completed in 720 and one of the earliest works written in Japanese (see Wikipedia:Nihon Shoki), with a meaning of bed.

According to the 和句解 (Wakuge), published in 1668 by early Edo-period scholar Matsunaga Teitoku (松永貞徳; see Wikipedia:ja:松永貞徳), derives from ゆか (yuka) as the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) stem of the verb 行く (yuku, “to go”) of an original meaning similar to "not going", in reference to a place where one sits down to rest.

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) ゆか [yùká] (Heiban - [0])
• IPA^(key): [jɯᵝka̠]

Noun

床 (hiragana ゆか, romaji yuka)

1. the floor (the bottom surface of a room)
2. a bed
3. (theater) a raised area of a stage where a presenter or musician sits
4. a raised platform erected along the Kamo River in Kyōto in summer, used as an outdoor tea shop or restaurant

Antonyms

• (floor): 天井 (てんじょう) (tenjō): ceiling

Coordinate terms

• (floor): 壁 (かべ) (kabe): wall

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term

床

とこ Grade: S

kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. Cognate with 所 (tokoro, “place”). Attested since at least the Nara period, appearing in the 万葉集 (Man'yōshū), completed in 759 (see Wikipedia:Man'yōshū).

Pronunciation

• Kun'yomi
• (Tokyo) とこ [tòkó] (Heiban - [0])
• IPA^(key): [to̞ko̞]

Noun

床 (hiragana とこ, romaji toko)

1. a raised platform roughly 30cm tall used in dirt-floored rooms as a seat
2. a raised area on which to sleep: a bed
3. the floor
4. tatami mats
5. the seat of an oxcart
6. short for 床間 / 床の間 (toko no ma): an alcove with a raised floor along one wall of a traditional Japanese living room
7. an alcove with a raised floor used as a study: see 付書院 (tsuke shoin)
8. a box seat, such as at a parade, theater, or stadium
9. short for 床店 (tokomise): a stall with a raised floor used as a store
10. short for 床屋 (tokoya): a barbershop, from how such shops were historically often tokomise
11. short for 床船梁 (toko funabari), 舵床 (kajidoko): the large wooden beam at the very aft of a traditional wood-hulled Japanese ship, upon which the rudder is seated
12. the heel of a plough; the part of the bottom of a plough that touches the ground and guides the ploughshare
13. short for 苗床 (naedoko): a seedbed
14. short for 鉄床, 金床 (kanatoko): an anvil

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term

床

しょう Grade: S

on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 床 (jrhiɑng).

Pronunciation

• Kan'yōyomi
• IPA^(key): [ɕʲo̞ː]

Alternative forms

• 牀

Counter

床 (hiragana しょう, romaji -shō)

1. beds

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Korean

Hanja

床 (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune-Reischauer sang)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

床 (sàng, giàn, giường, sường, giàng, rương)

1. This entry needs a definition. Please add one, then remove {{defn}}.