俗
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
俗 (radical 9, 人+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人金人口 (OCOR), four-corner 28268, composition ⿰亻谷)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 105, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 695
- Dae Jaweon: page 221, character 19
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 163, character 10
- Unihan data for U+4FD7
Chinese[edit]
| simp. and trad. |
俗 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin[edit]
| Historical forms of the character 俗 | |||||||||||||||||
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| Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||||||||||||||
| Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | |||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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| Characters in the same phonetic series (谷) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 螸 | *lo |
| 裕 | *loɡs |
| 容 | *loŋ |
| 溶 | *loŋ, *loŋʔ |
| 鎔 | *loŋ |
| 蓉 | *loŋ |
| 傛 | *loŋ, *loŋʔ |
| 褣 | *loŋ |
| 搈 | *loŋ |
| 瑢 | *loŋ |
| 嵱 | *loŋ |
| 熔 | *loŋ |
| 榕 | *loŋ |
| 塎 | *loŋʔ |
| 谷 | *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ |
| 唂 | *kloːɡ |
| 焀 | *ɡloːɡ |
| 俗 | *ljoɡ |
| 欲 | *loɡ |
| 浴 | *loɡ |
| 鵒 | *loɡ |
| 峪 | *ɦkloːɡ |
| 鋊 | *loɡ |
| 輍 | *loɡ |
| 慾 | *loɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ljoɡ): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 谷 (OC *ɦkroːɡ, *kloːɡ, *ɡ·loːɡ) – customs of people.
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
俗
- vulgar; unrefined; common; popular; vernacular
- (Min Nan) cheap; inexpensive
- custom; practice; habit
- (Buddhism) those of the secular world; non-monks
Synonyms[edit]
| Dialectal synonyms of 便宜 (“cheap”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 便宜、低廉 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 便宜、賤 |
| Taiwan | 便宜 | |
| Jinan | 便宜、賤 | |
| Xi'an | 便宜、賤 | |
| Wuhan | 便宜、相因 | |
| Chengdu | 相因、便宜 | |
| Yangzhou | 便宜、划廉 | |
| Hefei | 巧、便宜 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 平 |
| Hong Kong | 平 | |
| Taishan | 平 | |
| Yangjiang | 平、平宜 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 便宜 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 便宜、平 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 便宜 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 便宜 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 便宜 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 便宜 | |
| Zhuolan (Raoping) | 便宜 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 便宜 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 便宜、賤 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 便宜 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 便宜 |
| Matsu | 便宜 | |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 俗、便宜 |
| Quanzhou | 俗、便宜 | |
| Zhangzhou | 俗、便宜 | |
| Taipei | 俗、便宜 | |
| Kaohsiung | 俗、便宜 | |
| Penang | 便宜 | |
| Philippines (Manila) | 俗 | |
| Chaozhou | 便 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 𠼢、便宜 |
| Suzhou | 便宜、𠼢 | |
| Wenzhou | 倯、便宜 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 便宜 |
| Shuangfeng | 便宜、賤 | |
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 俗
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
俗
Readings[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Adjectival noun[edit]
俗 (-na inflection, hiragana ぞく, rōmaji zoku)
- worldly
- vulgar
- common, lay
- 俗に言う
- zoku ni iu
- what is commonly referred to as
- 俗に言えば
- zoku ni ieba
- to use a common phrase
- 俗に言う
Inflection[edit]
Inflection of 俗
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 俗だろ | ぞくだろ | zoku daro |
| Continuative (連用形) | 俗で | ぞくで | zoku de |
| Terminal (終止形) | 俗だ | ぞくだ | zoku da |
| Attributive (連体形) | 俗な | ぞくな | zoku na |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 俗なら | ぞくなら | zoku nara |
| Imperative (命令形) | 俗であれ | ぞくであれ | zoku de are |
| Key constructions | |||
| Informal negative | 俗ではない 俗じゃない |
ぞくではない ぞくじゃない |
zoku de wa nai zoku ja nai |
| Informal past | 俗だった | ぞくだった | zoku datta |
| Informal negative past | 俗ではなかった 俗じゃなかった |
ぞくではなかった ぞくじゃなかった |
zoku de wa nakatta zoku ja nakatta |
| Formal | 俗です | ぞくです | zoku desu |
| Formal negative | 俗ではありません 俗じゃありません |
ぞくではありません ぞくじゃありません |
zoku de wa arimasen zoku ja arimasen |
| Formal past | 俗でした | ぞくでした | zoku deshita |
| Formal negative past | 俗ではありませんでした 俗じゃありませんでした |
ぞくではありませんでした ぞくじゃありませんでした |
zoku de wa arimasen deshita zoku ja arimasen deshita |
| Conjunctive | 俗で | ぞくで | zoku de |
| Conditional | 俗なら（ば） | ぞくなら（ば） | zoku nara (ba) |
| Provisional | 俗だったら | ぞくだったら | zoku dattara |
| Volitional | 俗だろう | ぞくだろう | zoku darō |
| Adverbial | 俗に | ぞくに | zoku ni |
| Degree | 俗さ | ぞくさ | zokusa |
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
俗 (tục)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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