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普通

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Chinese

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general; popular; everywhere
general; popular; everywhere; universal
 
go through; know well; to connect
go through; know well; to connect; to communicate; open
 
trad. (普通)
simp. #(普通)

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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普通

  1. ordinary, plain, average, nothing special, general
    普通員工普通员工  ―  pǔtōng yuángōng  ―  ordinary employee; general staff
    真的只是普通朋友 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
    Wǒ gēn tā zhēnde zhǐshì pǔtōng péngyǒu. [Pinyin]
    She and I are really just friends.
    明明那麼普通那麼自信 [MSC, trad.]
    明明那么普通那么自信 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā míngmíng nàme pǔtōng què yòu nàme zìxìn. [Pinyin]
    He's clearly so ordinary, and yet so confident.
  2. common; universal; widespread
    普通普通  ―  pǔtōnghuà  ―  the common language (Standard Mandarin Chinese)

Synonyms

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  • (ordinary):
  • (common):

Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (普通):

Further reading

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: S
つう
Grade: 2
goon

Etymology

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/putuː//fut͡suː/

From Middle Chinese compound 普通 (MC phuX thuwng, literally “ordinary + through”). Compare modern Hakka phû-thûng, Cantonese pou2 tung1, Mandarin pǔtōng.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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()(つう) (futsū-na (adnominal ()(つう) (futsū na), adverbial ()(つう) (futsū ni))

  1. common, ordinary
  2. (informal, in the adverbial form ()(つう) (futsū ni)) straightforward(ly); lowkey
    ()(つう)美味(おい)しいfutsū ni oishiijust delicious
    ()(つう)きもいfutsū ni kimoiplain gross
    ()(つう)(わす)futsū ni wasuretakind of forgot

Usage notes

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The form ()(つう) (futsū no) is replacing ()(つう) (futsū na) in modern Japanese. See the usage notes below.

Inflection

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Inflection of 普通
Stem forms
Imperfective (未然形) 普通だろ ふつうだろ futsū daro
Continuative (連用形) 普通で ふつうで futsū de
Terminal (終止形) 普通だ ふつうだ futsū da
Attributive (連体形) 普通な ふつうな futsū na
Hypothetical (仮定形) 普通なら ふつうなら futsū nara
Imperative (命令形) 普通であれ ふつうであれ futsū de are
Key constructions
Informal negative 普通ではない
普通じゃない
ふつうではない
ふつうじゃない
futsū de wa nai
futsū ja nai
Informal past 普通だった ふつうだった futsū datta
Informal negative past 普通ではなかった
普通じゃなかった
ふつうではなかった
ふつうじゃなかった
futsū de wa nakatta
futsū ja nakatta
Formal 普通です ふつうです futsū desu
Formal negative 普通ではありません
普通じゃありません
ふつうではありません
ふつうじゃありません
futsū de wa arimasen
futsū ja arimasen
Formal past 普通でした ふつうでした futsū deshita
Formal negative past 普通ではありませんでした
普通じゃありませんでした
ふつうではありませんでした
ふつうじゃありませんでした
futsū de wa arimasen deshita
futsū ja arimasen deshita
Conjunctive 普通で ふつうで futsū de
Conditional 普通なら(ば) ふつうなら(ば) futsū nara (ba)
Provisional 普通だったら ふつうだったら futsū dattara
Volitional 普通だろう ふつうだろう futsū darō
Adverbial 普通に ふつうに futsū ni
Degree 普通さ ふつうさ futsūsa

Noun

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()(つう) (futsū

  1. the common, the ordinary, nothing special
    • 2023, MyGO!!!!!, “(しおり) (Shiori, Bookmark)”, in ()()あすか (Oda Asuka) (lyrics), (ひと)雫空(しずく) (Hitoshizuku)youtube:
      "()(つう)" とか "あたりまえ" ってなんだろう
      "futsū" to ka "atarimae" tte nan darō
      What does it mean to be "normal" or "ordinary"?

Usage notes

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As a noun, it is usually used with the possessive particle (​no), which makes it function as an adjective.

()(つう) (futsū) is widely used for a variety of purposes. For example, to display modesty, one can use it respond to flattery (“oh, I’m nothing special”). Similarly, if a restaurant is okay, but not particularly noteworthy, it can be described as ()(つう) (futsū).

()(つう) (futsū) is also used in various conventional senses – a ()(つう)(れっ)(しゃ) (futsū ressha) is a local train (as opposed to the (とっ)(きゅう)(れっ)(しゃ) (tokkyū ressha) or “special express train”), while an average student is a ()(つう)(がく)(せい) (futsū no gakusei).

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term

Noun

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普通 (botong) (hangeul 보통)

  1. hanja form? of 보통 (normality; usually)

Vietnamese

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chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Adjective

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普通

  1. chữ Hán form of phổ thông (common, ordinary)