From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Stroke order
Derived in the Heian period from writing the man'yōgana 仁 cursive sōsho
に • (ni
The hiragana syllable に ( ni ) . Its equivalent in katakana is ニ ( ni ) . It is the twenty-second syllable in the gojūon order; its position is な行 い段 ( na-gyō i-dan , “ row na , section i ” ) . (Hiragana 平仮名 あ ぁ い ぃ う ぅ ゔ え ぇ お ぉ か ゕ が き ぎ く ぐ け ゖ げ こ ご さ ざ し じ す ず せ ぜ そ ぞ た だ ち ぢ つ っ づ て で と ど な に ぬ ね の は ば ぱ ひ び ぴ ふ ぶ ぷ へ べ ぺ ほ ぼ ぽ ま み む め も や ゃ 𛀆 ゆ ゅ 𛀁 よ ょ ら り る れ ろ わ ゎ ゐ 𛄟 ( 𛄟 ) , ゑ を ん ー ゝ ゞ ゟ From Old Japanese Proto-Japonic *ni
に • (ni
( case-marking ) marks the recipient of an action ; to
俺( おれ ) に 返( かえ ) せ。Ore ni kaese. ― Give it back to me. marks the location at which something exists ; in ; at ; see: で ( de )
学( がっ ) 校( こう ) に いる 。Gakkō ni iru. ― I'm at school. marks the direction or destination of a movement ; to ; toward ; into
Synonym: へ ( e ) コンビニに 行( い ) った。 ― Konbini ni itta. ― I went to the convenience store. 京都( きょうと ) に 来( き ) てね！Kyōto ni kite ne! ― Come to Kyoto! marks the agent of a passive verb ; by
蚊( か ) に さされた。Ka ni sasareta. ― I was bitten by a mosquito. 父( ちち ) に 死( し ) なれた。Chichi ni shinareta. ― My father passed away. marks the time at which something occurs ; at ; on ; in
７( しち ) 時( じ ) に 着( つ ) いた。Shichi-ji ni tsuita. ― I arrived at seven o'clock. marks the emotional reason for which one does something ; in ; as
Synonym: として ( toshite ) お礼( れい ) に お菓( か ) 子( し ) を贈( おく ) るo-rei ni o-kashi o okuru ― to gift sweets in gratitude 復( ふく ) 讐( しゅう ) に 殺( さつ ) 人( じん ) 犯( おか ) すfukushū ni satsujin o okasu ― to commit murder in revenge ( with a verb in ren'yōkei ) marks a purpose or intent ; for ; to ; in order to
映( えい ) 画( が ) 見( み ) に 行( い ) こう。Eiga o mi ni ikō. ― Let's go (to ) see a movie. 寝( ね ) に 帰( かえ ) るだけの部( へ ) 屋( や ) ne ni kaeru dake no heya ― a room only used when coming home to sleep marks the result of a transformation ; to ; into
Synonym: ( more formal ) と ( to ) カエルに なりたい。 ― Kaeru ni naritai. ― I want to be a frog. marks a cause ; for ; from ; due to
Synonym: で ( de ) 寒( さむ ) さに 震( ふる ) えるsamusa ni furueru ― to shiver due to the cold marks a basis for comparison ; to ; as
親( おや ) に 似( に ) るoya ni niru ― to look like one's parents when used with a duplicated verb, intensifies the verb's meaning
晴( は ) れに 晴( は ) れ、花( はな ) よ咲( さ ) け咲( さ ) いて晴( は ) るのせいhare ni hare, hana yo sake Clear, clear and be sunny; flowers, bloom! ( parallel-marking ) used to form lists ; and ; as well as
Synonym: と ( to ) (Can we add an example for this sense?) ( conjunctive ) marks contrast with an expected result ; even though ; despite
Synonyms: のに ( noni ) , が ( ga ) (Can we add an example for this sense?) This term needs a translation to English ( there are more conjunctive senses). Please help out and add a translation , then remove the text {{rfdef }}. For marking location, で ( de ) is typically used to mark the location at which an action (given by a dynamic verb) occurs, as in 舞台( ぶたい ) で歌( うた ) う( butai de utau “ to sing on stage ” ) , whereas に ( ni ) is used to mark where something exists (with a stative verb), as in 舞台( ぶたい ) に立( た ) つ( butai ni tatsu “ to stand on stage ” ) .
In the sense indicating destination, the particles へ ( e ) and に ( ni ) are often interchangeable, though there is a slight difference of connotation or emphasis. へ ( e ) emphasizes the journey to the destination, while に ( ni ) emphasizes the arrival or entering it. The distinction is not quite the same as between English to into に ( ni ) is usually best translated as to because に ( ni ) , unlike into に • (ni
( when attached to a な -adjective ) ren'yōkei of だ ( da ) used to form adverbs ; -ly
簡単( かんたん ) に 言( い ) うkantan ni iu ― to say (something) simply に • (-ni
( of a child ) taking after ( in appearance )
お母( かあ ) さん 似( に ) okāsan-ni ― resembling their motherに • (ni
imperfective and stem (or continuative) forms of にる ( niru ) [ichidan] に • (ni
Continuative of ず ( zu “ auxiliary verb of negation ” )
がえん じる ― to not consent
For pronunciation and definitions of に – see the following entries.
(This term, に ( ni ) , is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)For a list of all kanji read as に , see Category:Japanese kanji read as に .
