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番

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 畨, 蹯, and 蕃
番 U+756A, 番
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-756A
← 畩
[U+7569] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 畫 →
[U+756B]

Translingual

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Stroke order
12 strokes

Han character

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番 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+7, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 竹木田 (HDW), four-corner 20609, composition ⿱釆田)

Derived characters

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Additional Derived Characters

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 763, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21858
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1172, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2543, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+756A

Chinese

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trad. 番
simp. # 番

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 番
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (番) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
皤 *paːl, *baːl
嶓 *paːl
番 *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban
播 *paːls
譒 *paːls
鄱 *baːl
潘 *pʰaːn
蟠 *baːn, *ban
磻 *baːn
蕃 *pan, *ban
轓 *pan, *pʰan
鱕 *pan
鐇 *pan, *ban
藩 *pan, *ban
籓 *pan
橎 *panʔ
翻 *pʰan
幡 *pʰan
飜 *pʰan
旛 *pʰan, *ban
繙 *pʰan, *ban
燔 *ban
蹯 *ban
膰 *ban
羳 *ban
鷭 *ban
璠 *ban
襎 *ban
墦 *ban

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban): phonetic 釆 (biàn) + semantic 田. Original meaning is unclear.

Shuowen instead interprets it as a pictogram of an animal's footprint; original form of 蹯 (OC *ban).

Tadashi Takada (高田忠周): a pictogram of some seeds on the palm of an open hand, which conveys the concept of "spreading"; original form of 播 (OC *paːls).

Neither Shuowen nor Tadashi Takada interpret the bottom component as representing a field.

Etymology

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“to do in turns; turn; time”
Iterative of 反 (OC *panʔ, “to turn; to return”) by aspiration of the initial (Schuessler, 2007).
“anime series”
Back-formation from 新番 (xīnfān).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation 1

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Note: han - only used in 番薯.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: huang1 / huêng1 / hung1 / hang1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang / hueng / hung / hang
      • Sinological IPA (key): /huaŋ³³/, /hueŋ³³/, /huŋ³³/, /haŋ³³/
Note:
  • hung1 - Chaozhou, only used in 番葛;
  • hang1 - Jieyang, only used in 番葛.
Rime
Character 番
Reading # 2/5
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 元 (66)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 孚袁切
Baxter phjon
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰʉɐn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰʷiɐn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰiuɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰuan/
Li
Rong 		/pʰiuɐn/
Wang
Li 		/pʰĭwɐn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pʰi̯wɐn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		faan1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 番
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		fān
Middle
Chinese 		‹ phjon ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰar/
English a turn, a time

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 番
Reading # 4/5
No. 2889
Phonetic
component 		番
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		飜
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰan/

Definitions

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番

  1. to do in turns; to take turns; to repeat
  2. Classifier for actions, deeds: a show of ...
    一番好意  ―  yī fān hǎoyì  ―  an act of kindness
  3. Classifier for the number of times an action has been performed: turn; time
    三番五次  ―  sānfānwǔcì  ―  again and again
  4. Classifier for different kinds of things: kind; type
    別有一番風味／别有一番风味  ―  bié yǒu yī fān fēngwèi  ―  (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  5. A generic term for the non-Han people in China's west in historical times; (by extension) non-Han people; foreign land; foreign; non-native; barbarian
    番茄  ―  fānqié  ―  tomato [lit. foreign eggplant]
  6. (Malaysian Hokkien) Muslim
    入番 [Hokkien]  ―  ji̍p-hoan [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to become a Muslim
  7. (ACG) anime series (Classifier: 部)
  8. (mahjong) points
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 番 (“points (mahjong)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 番
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 臺
Malaysia 番
Singapore 臺, 番
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 番
Cantonese Hong Kong 番
Singapore (Guangfu) 番
Gan Nanchang 番
Lichuan 番
Southern Min Taipei 臺 GT
Singapore (Hokkien) 臺
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)
Descendants
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  • → Japanese: 飜(ハン) (han)
  • → Vietnamese: phen

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Note: puang1 - Shantou.
Rime
Character 番
Reading # 3/5
Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
Final (韻) 桓 (62)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 普官切
Baxter phan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/pʰuɑn/
Pan
Wuyun 		/pʰʷɑn/
Shao
Rongfen 		/pʰuɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pʰwan/
Li
Rong 		/pʰuɑn/
Wang
Li 		/pʰuɑn/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/pʰuɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		pān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		pun1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 番
Reading # 3/5
No. 2878
Phonetic
component 		番
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		潘
Old
Chinese 		/*pʰaːn/

Definitions

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番

  1. a surname
  2. only used in 番禺 (Pānyú)

Pronunciation 3

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Rime
Character 番 番
Reading # 1/5 5/5
Initial (聲) 並 (3) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 元 (66) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) III I
Fanqie 附袁切 補過切
Baxter bjon paH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bʉɐn/ /puɑH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bʷiɐn/ /puɑH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/biuɐn/ /puɑH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/buan/ /pwaH/
Li
Rong 		/biuɐn/ /puɑH/
Wang
Li 		/bĭwɐn/ /puɑH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/bʱi̯wɐn/ /puɑH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		fán bò
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		faan4 bo3
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 番 番
Reading # 5/5 2/5
No. 2895 2873
Phonetic
component 		番 番
Rime
group 		元 歌
Rime
subdivision 		1 1
Corresponding
MC rime 		煩 播
Old
Chinese 		/*ban/ /*paːls/
Notes 釆聲，後作蹯

Definitions

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番

  1. Original form of 蹯 (fán, “animal's foot”).
  2. alternative form of 藩 (“fence”)
  3. alternative form of 蕃 (“luxuriant”)

Pronunciation 4

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Definitions

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番

  1. (historical) (～縣) Po (former name of 鄱陽 / 鄱阳 (Póyáng) (= Poyang): a county under the modern prefecture-level city of Shangrao, Jiangxi, China; used under the Qin dynasty)
  2. used in 番番 (pópó, “white; whitehaired”)
  3. a surname

Pronunciation 5

[edit]
Rime
Character 番
Reading # 4/5
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 戈 (95)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 博禾切
Baxter pa
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/puɑ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/puɑ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/puɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/pwa/
Li
Rong 		/puɑ/
Wang
Li 		/puɑ/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/puɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bō
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		bo1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 番
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bō
Middle
Chinese 		‹ pa ›
Old
Chinese 		/*pˁar/
English martial

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 番
Reading # 1/5
No. 2871
Phonetic
component 		番
Rime
group 		歌
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		波
Old
Chinese 		/*paːl/

Definitions

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番

  1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) used in 番番 (bōbō, “valiant; courageous”)
  2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) alternative form of 播 (“to spread; to propagate”)

Pronunciation 6

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Definitions

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番

  1. (Hakka, dialectal Cantonese) Classifier for quilts.
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 條 (“(classifier for quilts)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 條, 床
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 條, 床
Taiwan 條
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 床
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 條, 床
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 床
Wuhan 床
Guilin 床
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 床
Hefei 床
Cantonese Guangzhou 張, 床
Hong Kong 張, 床
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 張, 番
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 張
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 張, 番
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 床
Macau 張
Guangzhou (Panyu) 張
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 張
Guangzhou (Conghua) 張
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 張
Foshan 張
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 張
Foshan (Shunde) 張
Foshan (Sanshui) 張
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 張
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 張
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 張
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 張
Zhuhai (Doumen) 張
Jiangmen (Baisha) 張
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 張
Taishan 張
Kaiping (Chikan) 張
Enping (Niujiang) 張
Heshan (Yayao) 張
Dongguan 張
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 番
Yangjiang 番
Nanning 番
Gan Nanchang 床
Hakka Meixian 番
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 番
Dongguan (Qingxi) 番
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 張
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 張
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 床
Hong Kong 番
Jin Taiyuan 張, 條, 根
Northern Min Jian'ou 床
Eastern Min Fuzhou 床
Southern Min Xiamen 領, 床
Quanzhou 領, 床
Jinjiang 領
Zhangzhou 領, 床
Singapore (Hokkien) 領
Manila (Hokkien) 領
Pingnan (Shangdu) 領
Chaozhou 領
Shantou 領
Jieyang 領
Puxian Min Putian 領, 床, 張
Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang) 張
Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu) 領, 床, 張
Xianyou 領
Xianyou (Fengting) 領
Xianyou (Youyang) 領
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 張
Wu Suzhou 條
Wenzhou 條, 床
Xiang Changsha 鋪, 床
Shuangfeng 床

Japanese

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Kanji

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番

(Second grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
番
ばん
Grade: 2
on'yomi

Pronunciation

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Noun

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番(ばん) • (ban) ←ばん (ban)?

  1. one's turn (as in a game, etc.)
    次(つぎ)は君(きみ)の番(ばん)ですよ。
    Tsugi wa kimi no ban desu yo.
    It's your turn next.

Counter

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番(ばん) • (-ban) ←ばん (-ban)?

  1. (sports) matches

Suffix

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番(ばん) • (-ban) ←ばん (-ban)?

  1. (applied to numerals) -th: forms ordinal numerals
    一(いち)番(ばん) ― ichiban ― first
    二(に)番(ばん) ― niban ― second
  2. (music) verses and the following chorus
    2(に)番(ばん)の歌詞(かし)
    ni-ban no kashi
    second set of verses
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
番
つが(い)
Grade: 2
kun'yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 番 – see the following entry.
【つがい】
[noun] (poetic) pair
[verb] stem or continuative form of つがう (tsugau) [godan]
Alternative spelling
番い
(This term, 番, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Chinese 番 (MC phjon).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

番 (eumhun 차례(次例) 번 (charye beon))

  1. hanja form? of 번 (“turn”)

Compounds

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Compounds

Etymology 2

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From Middle Chinese 番 (MC phan).

Historical readings

Pronunciation

[edit]

Hanja

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番 (eumhun 땅 이름 반 (ttang ireum ban))

  1. hanja form? of 반 (“a surname”)
  2. hanja form? of 반 (“a placename”)

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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From Middle Chinese 番 (MC pa).

Historical readings

Hanja

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番 (eumhun 날랠 파 (nallael pa))

  1. (literary Chinese) hanja form? of 파 (“valiant”)

Compounds

[edit]

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

Old Japanese

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 番 (MC bjon|phjon|phan|pa|paH).

Phonogram

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番 (po2)

  1. Denotes phonographic syllable po2.

Usage notes

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Only used in the prose of the Kojiki of 712 CE (Miyake (2003) p. 254).

Further reading

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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番: Hán Việt readings: phiên[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], phan[4][5][6], ba[6], bà[6]
番: Nôm readings: phen[1][2][3][4][5][7][8][9], phiên[1][3][7][9], phiện[7]

  1. chữ Hán form of phiên (“turn; time; session”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of phen (“(literary) time”)

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Vũ (1998).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Hồ (1976).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 Thiều Chửu (1942).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Bonet (1899).
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Génibrel (1898).
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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