番

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: 蹯 and 蕃
番 U+756A, 番
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-756A
← 畩
[U+7569] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 畫 →
[U+756B]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
12 strokes

Han character[edit]

番 (Kangxi radical 102, 田+7, 12 strokes, cangjie input 竹木田 (HDW), four-corner 20609, composition ⿱釆田)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 763, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 21858
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1172, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2543, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+756A

Chinese[edit]

trad. 番
simp. # 番

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 番
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (番) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
皤 *paːl, *baːl
嶓 *paːl
番 *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban
播 *paːls
譒 *paːls
鄱 *baːl
潘 *pʰaːn
蟠 *baːn, *ban
磻 *baːn
蕃 *pan, *ban
轓 *pan, *pʰan
鱕 *pan
鐇 *pan, *ban
藩 *pan, *ban
籓 *pan
橎 *panʔ
翻 *pʰan
幡 *pʰan
飜 *pʰan
旛 *pʰan, *ban
繙 *pʰan, *ban
燔 *ban
蹯 *ban
膰 *ban
羳 *ban
鷭 *ban
璠 *ban
襎 *ban
墦 *ban

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *paːl, *paːls, *pʰaːn, *pʰan, *ban): phonetic 釆 (biàn) + semantic 田 – "animal's footprint in the field"; original form of 蹯 (fán).

Etymology[edit]

“to do in turns; turn; time”
Iterative of 反 (OC *panʔ, “to turn; to return”) by aspiration of the initial (Schuessler, 2007).
“anime series”
Back-formation from 新番 (xīnfān).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note: han - only used in 番薯.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: huang1 / huêng1 / hung1 / hang1
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: huang / hueng / hung / hang
      • Sinological IPA (key): /huaŋ³³/, /hueŋ³³/, /huŋ³³/, /haŋ³³/
Note:
  • hung1 - Chaozhou, only used in 番葛;
  • hang1 - Jieyang, only used in 番葛.
  • Wu
  • Xiang
    • Rime
    Character 番
    Reading # 2/5
    Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
    Final (韻) 元 (66)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 孚袁切
    Baxter phjon
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/pʰʉɐn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/pʰʷiɐn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/pʰiuɐn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/pʰuan/
    Li
    Rong         		/pʰiuɐn/
    Wang
    Li         		/pʰĭwɐn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/pʰi̯wɐn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		fān
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		faan1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 番
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		fān
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ phjon ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pʰar/
    English a turn, a time

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 番
    Reading # 4/5
    No. 2889
    Phonetic
    component         		番
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		飜
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pʰan/

    Definitions[edit]

    番

    1. to do in turns; to take turns; to repeat
    2. Classifier for actions, deeds: a show of ...
    3. Classifier for the number of times an action has been performed: turn; time
    4. Classifier for different kinds of things: kind; type
    5. A generic term for the non-Han people in China's west in historical times; (by extension) non-Han people; foreign land; foreign; non-native; barbarian
      番茄  ―  fānqié  ―  tomato [lit. foreign eggplant]
    6. (Malaysia Hokkien) Muslim
      入番 [Hokkien]  ―  ji̍p-hoan [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to become a Muslim
    7. (ACG) anime series (Classifier: 部)
    8. (mahjong) points
    Synonyms[edit]
    Dialectal synonyms of 番 (“points (mahjong)”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 番
    Mandarin Taiwan 臺
    Yantai (Muping) 番
    Singapore 臺, 番
    Cantonese Hong Kong 番
    Singapore (Guangfu) 番
    Gan Nanchang 番
    Lichuan 番
    Min Nan Taipei 臺 GT
    Singapore (Hokkien) 臺
    Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)
    Descendants[edit]
    • → Japanese: 飜(ハン) (han)

    Compounds[edit]

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Note: puang1 - Shantou.
    Rime
    Character 番
    Reading # 3/5
    Initial (聲) 滂 (2)
    Final (韻) 桓 (62)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 普官切
    Baxter phan
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/pʰuɑn/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/pʰʷɑn/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/pʰuɑn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/pʰwan/
    Li
    Rong         		/pʰuɑn/
    Wang
    Li         		/pʰuɑn/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/pʰuɑn/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		pān
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		pun1
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 番
    Reading # 3/5
    No. 2878
    Phonetic
    component         		番
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		潘
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pʰaːn/

    Definitions[edit]

    番

    1. a surname
    2. Only used in 番禺 (Pānyú).

    Pronunciation 3[edit]

    Rime
    Character 番 番
    Reading # 1/5 5/5
    Initial (聲) 並 (3) 幫 (1)
    Final (韻) 元 (66) 戈 (95)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed Closed
    Division (等) III I
    Fanqie 附袁切 補過切
    Baxter bjon paH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/bʉɐn/ /puɑH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/bʷiɐn/ /puɑH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/biuɐn/ /puɑH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/buan/ /pwaH/
    Li
    Rong         		/biuɐn/ /puɑH/
    Wang
    Li         		/bĭwɐn/ /puɑH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/bʱi̯wɐn/ /puɑH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		fán bò
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		faan4 bo3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 番 番
    Reading # 5/5 2/5
    No. 2895 2873
    Phonetic
    component         		番 番
    Rime
    group         		元 歌
    Rime
    subdivision         		1 1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		煩 播
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ban/ /*paːls/
    Notes 釆聲，後作蹯

    Definitions[edit]

    番

    1. Original form of 蹯 (fán, “animal's foot”).
    2. Alternative form of 藩 (“fence”)
    3. Alternative form of 蕃 (“luxuriant”)

    Pronunciation 4[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    番

    1. (historical) (～縣) Former name of 鄱陽／鄱阳 (Póyáng) under the Qin dynasty.
    2. Used in 番番 (pópó, “white; whitehaired”).
    3. a surname

    Pronunciation 5[edit]

    Rime
    Character 番
    Reading # 4/5
    Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
    Final (韻) 戈 (95)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 博禾切
    Baxter pa
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/puɑ/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/puɑ/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/puɑ/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/pwa/
    Li
    Rong         		/puɑ/
    Wang
    Li         		/puɑ/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/puɑ/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		bō
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		bo1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 番
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		bō
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ pa ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*pˁar/
    English martial

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 番
    Reading # 1/5
    No. 2871
    Phonetic
    component         		番
    Rime
    group         		歌
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		波
    Old
    Chinese         		/*paːl/

    Definitions[edit]

    番

    1. † Used in 番番 (bōbō, “valiant; courageous”).
    2. † Alternative form of 播 (“to spread; to propagate”)

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    番

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    番
    ばん
    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    Noun[edit]

    番(ばん) • (ban) ←ばん (ban)?

    1. one's turn (as in a game, etc.)
      次(つぎ)は君(きみ)の番(ばん)ですよ。
      Tsugi wa kimi no ban desu yo.
      It's your turn next.

    Counter[edit]

    番(ばん) • (-ban) ←ばん (ban)?

    1. (sports) matches

    Suffix[edit]

    番(ばん) • (-ban) ←ばん (ban)?

    1. (applied to numerals) -th: forms ordinal numerals
      一(いち)番(ばん) ― ichiban ― first
      二(に)番(ばん) ― niban ― second
    Derived terms[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    番
    つが(い)
    Grade: 2
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 番 – see the following entry.
    【つがい】
    [noun] (poetic) pair
    [verb] stem or continuative form of つがう (tsugau) [godan]
    Alternative spelling
    番い
    (This term, 番, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 番 (MC phjon).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    番 (eumhun 차례(次例) 번)

    1. Hanja form? of 번 (“turn”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 2[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 番 (MC phan).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    番 (eumhun 땅 이름 반 (ttang ireum ban))

    1. Hanja form? of 반 (“a surname”).
    2. Hanja form? of 반 (“a placename”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 3[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 番 (MC pa).

    Historical readings

    Hanja[edit]

    番 (eumhun 날랠 파 (nallael pa))

    1. (literary Chinese) Hanja form? of 파 (“valiant”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

    Old Japanese[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 番 (MC bjon|phjon|phan|pa|paH).

    Phonogram[edit]

    番 (po2)

    1. Denotes phonographic syllable po2.

    Usage notes[edit]

    Only used in the prose of the Kojiki of 712 CE (Miyake (2003) p. 254).

    Further reading[edit]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    番: Hán Nôm readings: phen, phan, phiên, ba, bà

    Han character[edit]

    番: Hán Việt readings: ba, bà, phiên
    番: Nôm readings: ba, bà, phan, phiên, phen

    References[edit]

    • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
    • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
    • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
    Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=番&oldid=75518195"