陰
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
陰 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中人戈戈 (NLOII), four-corner 78231, composition ⿰阝侌)
Derived characters[edit]
Related characters[edit]
- 阴 (Simplified form of 陰)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1353, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41691
- Dae Jaweon: page 1855, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4138, character 5
- Unihan data for U+9670
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 陰 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 阴 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin[edit]
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
貪 | *kʰl'uːm |
嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
馠 | *qʰɯːm |
谽 | *qʰɯːm |
唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
含 | *ɡɯːm |
肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
筨 | *ɡɯːm |
梒 | *ɡɯːm |
鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
琀 | *ɡɯːms |
浛 | *ɡɯːms |
盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
玪 | *krɯːm |
妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
鈐 | *ɡram |
鳹 | *ɡram |
雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
念 | *nɯːms |
梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
枔 | *sɢrɯm |
岑 | *sɡrɯm |
笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
涔 | *sɡrɯm |
侺 | *ɡjɯms |
今 | *krɯm |
黅 | *krɯm |
衿 | *krɯm |
衾 | *kʰrɯm |
坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
搇 | *kʰrɯms |
琴 | *ɡrɯm |
禽 | *ɡrɯm |
芩 | *ɡrɯm |
庈 | *ɡrɯm |
耹 | *ɡrɯm |
靲 | *ɡrɯm |
擒 | *ɡrɯm |
檎 | *ɡrɯm |
紟 | *ɡrɯms |
吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
陰 | *qrɯm |
霠 | |
飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
蔭 | *qrɯms |
廕 | *qrɯms |
矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r(u/i)m (“dark; shade; dusk; twilight”); compare Tibetan རུམ (rum, “darkness”), Jingpho rim (“to be dusk”) (Benedict, 1972; Bodman, 1980; STEDT).
Schuessler (2007) compares it instead to Burmese အုံ့ (um., “to become overcast”), Adi mugyum (“shade; shadow”), Lepcha [script needed] (so-dyŭm, “shade”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Definitions[edit]
陰
- cloudy; overcast; gloomy
- hidden; secret
- negative
- the Moon
- shade; shadow
- north of a mountain or south of a river
- back side
- of the nether world; of ghosts
- (philosophy) "female" principle; yin in yin-yang
- in intaglio
- treacherous; deceitful; cheating
- (dialectal) to deceive; to trick; to trap
- (Chinese phonetics, of a syllable) open; not having a consonant coda
- (Cantonese) bangs; fringe
- alt. forms: 𩬎
- genitalia (of humans)
- 大陰人嫪毐 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, circa 91 BCE
- dàyīnrén LàoǍi [Pinyin]
- Lao Ai of the large penis
大阴人嫪毐 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- A surname.
Antonyms[edit]
See also[edit]
The tones (of Chinese) in Chinese · 聲調 (layout · text) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
平仄 | 平 平聲 |
仄 仄聲 | ||||||||
平上去入 四聲 古四聲 |
平 平聲 |
上 上聲 |
去 去聲 |
入 入聲 | ||||||
標調方法 標調法 |
四角標調法 | ꜀◌ | ꜂◌ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜆ | |||||
[Term?] | ◌〪 | ◌〫 | ◌〬 | ◌〭 | ||||||
[Term?] | ∅ | ◌〮 | ◌〯 | ∅ | ||||||
∅ | -X | -H | -p -t -k (-ʔ) | |||||||
四聲八調 | 陰平 | 陽平 | 陰上 | 陽上 | 陰去 | 陽去 | 陰入 | 陽入 | ||
陰 | 陽 | |||||||||
標調方法 標調法 |
四角標調法 | ꜀◌ | ꜁◌ | ꜂◌ | ꜃◌ | ◌꜄ | ◌꜅ | ◌꜆ | ◌꜇ |
The tones (of Standard Mandarin) in Chinese · 聲調 (layout · text) | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
四聲 | 陰平 第一聲 |
陽平 第二聲 |
上聲 第三聲 |
去聲 第四聲 |
輕聲 |
Compounds[edit]
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- “陰”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A04425
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Readings[edit]
- Go-on: おん (on)←おん (on, historical)←おむ (omu, ancient)
- Kan-on: いん (in, Jōyō)←いん (in, historical)←いむ (imu, ancient)
- Kun: かげ (kage, 陰, Jōyō); かげる (kageru, 陰る, Jōyō); くらい (kurai, 陰い); ほと (hoto, 陰)
Compounds[edit]
Synonyms[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
陰 |
かげ Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- shadow, shade
- 木の陰
- ki no kage
- a shadow of a tree
- 木の陰
- hidden side
- 陰で動き回る
- kage de ugoki mawaru
- maneuver in a hidden side
- 陰の支配者
- kage no shihaisha
- a hidden ruler
- 陰で動き回る
See also[edit]
- 影 (kage)
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
陰 |
いん Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 陰 (ʔˠiɪm).
Pronunciation[edit]
Affix[edit]
- shade; shadow
- shadow of the sun; (figuratively) time
- secret; unknown
- genitalia
- negative; “female”; quiescent; minus
- (philosophy) yin
- north side of mountain; south side of water
- the moon
Noun[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
陰 |
ほと Grade: S |
kun’yomi |
/hoto2/: *[potə] → [ɸoto] → [hoto]. As indicated in the Wamyōshō citation, /to2/ may be related to 処 (/to1/, “place, location”), but the phonological difference can not be explained. Perhaps related to Korean 보지 (poji, “vagina”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- female genitalia
- (by extension) male genitalia
- Synonyms: see Thesaurus:陰茎
- 931–938, Minamoto no Shitagō, Wamyō Ruijushō (book 2, page 44-45)
- 陰 釋名云、陰、今案玉茎玉門等通稱也 [...] 原書無其字按神代紀、「陰訓保止、保是含包之言、即所謂在陰翳之義、止、處也」 [...]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Synonyms[edit]
References[edit]
- Kurano, Kenji; Yūkichi Takeda (712) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Kojiki, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 1958, →ISBN, page 224
- Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, published 1968, →ISBN.
Korean[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Middle Chinese 陰 (MC ʔˠiɪm).
Recorded as Middle Korean 隂/ᅙᅳᆷ (Yale: qum) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Recorded as Middle Korean 隂/음 (um) (Yale: um) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Related to Middle Chinese 闇 (MC ʔʌmH, “dark; gloomy”).
Hanja[edit]
陰 (eumhun 침묵할 암 (chimmukhal am))
Synonyms[edit]
References[edit]
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Okinawan[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Compounds[edit]
- 陰目 (ほーみー, hōmī, “vagina”)
Etymology[edit]
Cognate with Japanese 陰 (hoto).
Noun[edit]
References[edit]
- 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawago Jiten, “Okinawan Dictionary”)[3], 1963
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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