陰
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Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
陰 (radical 170 阜+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 弓中人戈戈 (NLOII), four-corner 78231, composition ⿰阝侌)
Derived characters[edit]
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1353, character 6
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41691
- Dae Jaweon: page 1855, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4138, character 5
- Unihan data for U+9670
Chinese[edit]
| trad. | 陰 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 阴 | |
Glyph origin[edit]
| Characters in the same phonetic series (今) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 貪 | *kʰluːm' |
| 嗿 | *l̥ʰuːmʔ |
| 僋 | *l̥ʰuːms, *luːms |
| 酓 | *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms |
| 馠 | *qʰɯːm |
| 谽 | *qʰɯːm |
| 唅 | *qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms |
| 含 | *ɡɯːm |
| 肣 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 頷 | *ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ |
| 筨 | *ɡɯːm |
| 梒 | *ɡɯːm |
| 鋡 | *ɡɯːm |
| 莟 | *ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms |
| 琀 | *ɡɯːms |
| 浛 | *ɡɯːms |
| 盦 | *qɯːm, *qaːb |
| 韽 | *qɯːm, *qrɯːms |
| 玪 | *krɯːm |
| 妗 | *qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms |
| 欦 | *qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm |
| 黔 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 鈐 | *ɡram |
| 鳹 | *ɡram |
| 雂 | *ɡram, *ɡrɯm |
| 念 | *nɯːms |
| 梣 | *sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm |
| 枔 | *sɢrɯm |
| 岑 | *sɡrɯm |
| 笒 | *sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms |
| 涔 | *sɡrɯm |
| 侺 | *ɡjɯms |
| 今 | *krɯm |
| 黅 | *krɯm |
| 衿 | *krɯm |
| 衾 | *kʰrɯm |
| 坅 | *kʰrɯmʔ |
| 搇 | *kʰrɯms |
| 琴 | *ɡrɯm |
| 禽 | *ɡrɯm |
| 芩 | *ɡrɯm |
| 庈 | *ɡrɯm |
| 耹 | *ɡrɯm |
| 靲 | *ɡrɯm |
| 擒 | *ɡrɯm |
| 檎 | *ɡrɯm |
| 紟 | *ɡrɯms |
| 吟 | *ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms |
| 訡 | *ŋɡrɯm |
| 廞 | *qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ |
| 陰 | *qrɯm |
| 霠 | *qrɯm |
| 飲 | *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms |
| 蔭 | *qrɯms |
| 廕 | *qrɯms |
| 矜 | *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ |
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): jam1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yîm
- Min Dong (BUC): ĭng
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): in (T1)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄣ
- Wade-Giles: yin1
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: in
- IPA (key): /in⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: jam1
- Yale: yām
- Cantonese Pinyin: jam1
- Guangdong Romanization: yem1
- IPA (key): /jɐm⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîm
- Hakka Romanization System: im´
- Hagfa Pinyim: yim1
- IPA: /im²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yîm
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)im´
- Hagfa Pinyim: yim1
- IPA: /(j)im²⁴/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭng
- IPA (key): /iŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Min Nan
Note:
- im - literary;
- iam - vernacular (limited, e.g. 半陰陽).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: im1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: im
- IPA (key): /im³³/
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: in (T1)
- IPA (key): /ɪɲ⁵³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 陰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 影 (34) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (140) |
| Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | Chongniu III |
| Fanqie | 於金切 |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/ʔˠiɪm/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/ʔᵚim/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/ʔiem/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ʔjim/ |
| Li Rong |
/ʔjəm/ |
| Wang Li |
/ĭĕm/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/ʔi̯əm/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
yīn |
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 陰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
yīn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ ʔim › |
| Old Chinese |
/*q(r)um/ |
| English | dark |
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 陰 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 6623 |
| Phonetic component |
今 |
| Rime group |
侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
1 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
音 |
| Old Chinese |
/*qrɯm/ |
Definitions[edit]
陰
- cloudy, overcast
- dark
- † hidden, secret
- † negative
- † The Moon
- shade, shadow
- (philosophy) "female" principle; yin in yin-yang
Antonyms[edit]
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 陰
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
陰
Readings[edit]
- Goon: おん (on)
- Kan’on: いん (in, Jōyō)
- Kun: かげ (kage, 陰, Jōyō); かげる (kageru, 陰る, Jōyō); くらい (kurai, 陰い); ほと (hoto, 陰)
Compounds[edit]
Compounds
- 陰鬱 (in'utsu)
- 陰影 (in'ei)
- 陰画 (inga, “negative photograph”)
- 陰核 (inkaku, “clitoris”)
- 陰茎 (inkei, “penis”)
- 陰唇 (inshin, “labia”)
- 陰梃 (intei, “clitoris”)
- 陰嚢 (innō, “scrotum”)
- 陰部 (inbu, “genital area”)
- 陰裂 (inretsu, “pudendal cleft”)
- 陰気 (inki)
- 陰極 (inkyoku)
- 陰険 (inken)
- 陰湿 (inshitsu)
- 陰性 (insei)
- 陰電子 (indenshi)
- 陰徳 (intoku)
- 陰謀 (inbō)
- 会陰 (ein, “perineum”)
- 陰陽
- 陰陽五行
- 陰陽師 (Onmyōji) a Yin-Yang Master
- 陰陽道 (Onmyōdō) "The Way of Yin & Yang"
- 陰口
- 陰平
- 陰上
- 陰去
- 陰入
- 日陰 (hikage)
Synonyms[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 陰 |
| かげ Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- shadow, shade
- 木の陰
- a shadow of a tree
- hidden side
- 陰で動き回る
- maneuver in a hidden side
- 陰の支配者
- a hidden ruler
- 陰で動き回る
See also[edit]
- 影 (kage)
Etymology 2[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 陰 |
| いん Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 陰 (ʔˠiɪm).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 陰 |
| ほと Grade: S |
| kun'yomi |
/hoto2/: *[potə] → [ɸoto] → [hoto]. As indicated in the Wamyōshō citation, /to2/ may be related to 処 (/to1/, “place, location”), but the phonological difference can not be explained. Perhaps related to Korean 보지 (poji, “vagina”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- female genitalia
- (by extension) male genitalia
- 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 2, page 44-45:
- 陰 釋名云、陰、今案玉茎玉門等通稱也 [...] 原書無其字按神代紀、「陰訓保止、保是含包之言、即所謂在陰翳之義、止、處也」 [...]
- 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō, book 2, page 44-45:
Synonyms[edit]
References[edit]
-
- Kurano, Kenji; Yūkichi Takeda (712) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 1: Kojiki, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-000-60001-X, published 1958, page 224
- Minamoto, Shitagō; Kyōto Daigaku Bungakubu Kokugogaku Kokubungaku Kenkyūshitu (931–938) Shohon Shūsei Wamyō Ruijushō: Honbunhen (in Japanese), Kyōto: Rinsen, ISBN 978-4-653-00507-0, published 1968.
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
陰 • (eum) (hangeul 음, McCune-Reischauer ŭm, Yale um)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds[edit]
- 음경 (陰莖, eumgyeong, “penis”)
- 음렬 (陰裂, eumnyeol, “pudendal cleft”)
- 음순 (陰脣, eumsun, “labia”)
- 회음 (會陰, hoeeum, “perineum”)
Okinawan[edit]
Kanji[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Cognate with Japanese 陰 (hoto).
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawago Jiten, “Okinawan Dictionary”)[1], 1963
Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Compounds[edit]
Categories:
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading くら-い
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ほと-
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading いん
- Japanese kanji with goon reading おん
- Japanese terms spelled with 陰 read as かげ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
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- Japanese lemmas
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- Japanese terms spelled with 陰 read as いん
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms spelled with 陰 read as ほと
- ja:Anatomy
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