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vile

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: vīle, vīlē, and víle

English

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Etymology

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From Middle English vile, vyle, vyl, from Anglo-Norman ville, Old French vil, vile, from Latin vīlis.

Pronunciation

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Adjective

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vile (comparative viler or more vile, superlative vilest or most vile)

  1. Morally low; base; despicable.
    vile accusation
    vile man
    • 1842 February 22, Abraham Lincoln, “Address Before the Springfield Washingtonian Temperance Society”, in Arthur Brooks Lapsley, editor, The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln[1]:
      Turn now to the temperance revolution. In it we shall find a stronger bondage broken, a viler slavery manumitted, a greater tyrant deposed; in it, more of want supplied, more disease healed, more sorrow assuaged.
    • 1870, William Minto, “Daniel Defoe”, in Acme Library of Standard Biography:
      The parties stooped to vile and unbecoming meannesses; infinite briberies, forgeries, perjuries, and all manners of debauchings of the principles and manners of the electors were attempted.
    • 2020 January 1, “Cultivating Myself Well and Helping People to Understand the Truth about Falun Dafa”, in Minghui[2]:
      People crave human decency, warmth, and sincerity even in the vilest of circumstances…
  2. Causing physical or mental repulsion; horrid.
    I glimpsed a vile squid-like creature in the depths.
    vile taste
    vile smell
    vile smile
    vile substance
    vile weather

Synonyms

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Derived terms

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Translations

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See also

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Anagrams

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Albanian

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Etymology

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A formation from vjel (to pluck, harvest).

Noun

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vile f (plural vile, definite vilja, definite plural vilet)

  1. bunch of grapes
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Czech

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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vile f

  1. dative/locative singular of vila

Estonian

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Etymology

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From vilisema +‎ -e.

Noun

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vile (genitive vile, partitive vilet)

  1. whistle

Declension

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Declension of vile (ÕS type 16/pere, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative vile viled
accusative nom.
gen. vile
genitive vilede
partitive vilet vilesid
illative ville
vilesse
viledesse
inessive viles viledes
elative vilest viledest
allative vilele viledele
adessive vilel viledel
ablative vilelt viledelt
translative vileks viledeks
terminative vileni viledeni
essive vilena viledena
abessive vileta viledeta
comitative vilega viledega

French

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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vile

  1. feminine singular of vil

Italian

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Etymology

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From Latin vīlis (cheap).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈvi.le/
  • Rhymes: -ile
  • Hyphenation: vì‧le

Adjective

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vile (plural vili)

  1. cowardly, dastardly
    Synonyms: codardo, vigliacco
  2. base, miserable, mean
    Synonym: miserabile
  3. cheap, worthless, base
    Synonym: privo di valore

Noun

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vile m or f by sense (plural vili)

  1. coward
    Synonyms: fifone, codardo

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • vile in Collins Italian-English Dictionary
  • vile in Aldo Gabrielli, Grandi Dizionario Italiano (Hoepli)
  • vile in garzantilinguistica.it – Garzanti Linguistica, De Agostini Scuola Spa
  • vile in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication
  • vile in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Anagrams

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Latin

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Adjective

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vīle

  1. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter singular of vīlis

Old French

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Latin vīlla.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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vile oblique singularf (oblique plural viles, nominative singular vile, nominative plural viles)

  1. town; city
    • 12th or 13th Century, author unknown, La Damme qui fist trois Tours:
      Ele est la fors en cele vile
      She is over there, in the city.

Descendants

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  • French: ville

Serbo-Croatian

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vidla (Russian ви́лы (víly), Czech vidle).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): , /ʋîle/
  • Hyphenation: vi‧le

Noun

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vȉle f (Cyrillic spelling ви̏ле)

  1. (plural only) pitchfork
Declension
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Participle

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vile (Cyrillic spelling виле)

  1. feminine plural active past participle of viti

References

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  • vile”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Slovene

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *vidla.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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víle f pl

  1. pitchfork

Inflection

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The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, a-stem
nominative víle
genitive víl
plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)
víle
genitive
(rodȋlnik)
víl
dative
(dajȃlnik)
vílam
accusative
(tožȋlnik)
víle
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)
vílah
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)
vílami

Further reading

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  • vile”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024

Swahili

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Pronunciation

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Adjective

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vile

  1. Vi class inflected form and adverbial form of -le.

Venetan

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Noun

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vile

  1. plural of vila