杏

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See also: 𘭌, 呆, and 否
杏 U+674F, 杏
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-674F
← 李
[U+674E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 材 →
[U+6750]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character[edit]

杏 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+3, 7 strokes, cangjie input 木口 (DR), four-corner 40609, composition ⿱木口)

Derived characters[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 511, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 14461
  • Dae Jaweon: page 896, character 2
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1160, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+674F

Chinese[edit]

trad. 杏
simp. # 杏

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 杏
Shang Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (杏) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
杏 *ɡraːŋʔ
莕 *ɡraːŋʔ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 木 (“wood”) + 口 (“mouth”) – perhaps referring to the tastiness of its fruit.

Shuowen considers it to be a phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡraːŋʔ) : semantic 木 (“wood”) + abbreviated phonetic 可 (OC *kʰaːlʔ), but this is unlikely.

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation[edit]

Note: xìngr - the fruit.
Note:
  • hen4 - vernacular;
  • xin4 - literary.
Note: kêng6 - Chaoyang.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 杏
Mandarin Beijing /ɕiŋ⁵¹/
Harbin /ɕiŋ⁵³/
Tianjin /ɕiŋ⁵³/
Jinan /ɕiŋ²¹/
Qingdao /ɕiŋ⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕiŋ³¹²/
/xəŋ³¹²/
Xi'an /xəŋ⁴⁴/
Xining /xə̃²¹³/
Yinchuan /xəŋ¹³/
/ɕiŋ¹³/
Lanzhou /ɕĩn¹³/
Ürümqi /xɤŋ²¹³/
Wuhan /ɕin³⁵/
Chengdu /xən¹³/
Guiyang /ɕin²¹³/
Kunming /ɕĩ¹/
Nanjing /ɕin⁴⁴/
Hefei /ɕin⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕiəŋ⁴⁵/
Pingyao /ɕiŋ³⁵/
/ɕie̞³⁵/ ～核
Hohhot /ɕĩŋ⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦã²³/
Suzhou /ɦã³¹/
Hangzhou /ɦin¹³/
Wenzhou /ɦiɛ³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ɕiʌ̃²²/
Tunxi /xɛ²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ɕin⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /ɕin⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /ɕin²¹/
Hakka Meixian /hen⁵³/
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou /hɐŋ²²/
Nanning /hɐŋ²²/
Hong Kong /hɐŋ²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hiŋ²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hɛiŋ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xaiŋ⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /heŋ³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /xeŋ³⁵/ 俗
Rime
Character 杏
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 庚 (109)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 何梗切
Baxter haengX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦˠæŋX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦᵚaŋX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣaŋX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦaɨjŋX/
Li
Rong 		/ɣɐŋX/
Wang
Li 		/ɣɐŋX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ɣɐŋX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		hèng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		hang6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 杏
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		xìng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hængX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*C.[ɡ]ˁraŋʔ/
English apricot (tree)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 杏
Reading # 1/1
No. 13879
Phonetic
component 		杏
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		杏
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡraːŋʔ/
Notes 說文可省聲

Definitions[edit]

杏

  1. apricot (Classifier: 個／个 m c; 棵 c)

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 杏 (“apricot”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 杏
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 杏
Taxonomic name 杏
Mandarin Beijing 杏兒
Langfang 杏兒
Tangshan 杏兒
Cangzhou 杏兒
Baoding 杏兒
Shijiazhuang 杏兒
Daming 杏
Bayanhot 杏子
Harbin 杏兒
Yantai (Muping) 杏子, 杏兒
Jinan 杏
Luoyang 杏
Wanrong 杏
Zhengzhou 杏
Xi'an 杏
Yinchuan 杏子
Lanzhou 杏子
Xining 杏兒
Ürümqi 杏子
Wuhan 杏子
Chengdu 杏子, 杏兒
Guiyang 杏子
Liuzhou 杏子果
Xuzhou 杏子, 杏
Yangzhou 杏子
Nanjing 杏子
Hefei 杏子
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 杏子
Masanchin (Shaanxi Dungan) 杏子
Cantonese Guangzhou 杏
Hong Kong 杏
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 杏
Macau 杏
Guangzhou (Panyu) 杏
Guangzhou (Conghua) 杏
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 杏
Foshan 杏
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 杏
Foshan (Shunde) 杏
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 杏
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 杏
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 杏
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 杏
Zhuhai (Doumen) 杏
Jiangmen (Baisha) 杏
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 杏
Taishan 杏
Kaiping (Chikan) 杏
Enping (Niujiang) 杏
Heshan (Yayao) 杏
Dongguan 杏
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 杏
Qingyuan 杏
Fogang 杏
Yingde (Hanguang) 杏
Yangshan 杏
Lianshan (Butian) 杏
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 杏
Shaoguan 杏
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 杏
Renhua 杏
Lechang 杏
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 杏
Sihui 杏仔
Guangning 杏
Deqing 杏
Huaiji 杏
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 杏
Yunfu 杏
Xinxing 杏
Luoding 杏
Yunan (Pingtai) 杏
Yangjiang 杏
Xinyi 杏
Lianjiang 杏
Nanning 杏
Gan Nanchang 杏子
Lichuan 杏子
Pingxiang 杏子
Hakka Meixian 杏仔
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 杏
Dongguan (Qingxi) 杏
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 杏
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 杏
Conghua (Lütian) 杏
Yudu 杏子
Huizhou Jixi 杏
Jin Taiyuan 杏兒
Pingyao 杏兒
Xinzhou 杏兒
Hohhot 杏兒
Zhangjiakou 杏兒
Handan 杏兒
Northern Min Jian'ou 杏
Eastern Min Fuzhou 杏
Southern Min Xiamen 杏
Pingnan (Shangdu) 杏
Chaozhou 杏
Leizhou 杏
Haikou 杏子
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 杏
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 杏
Wu Shanghai 杏子
Shanghai (Chongming) 杏子
Suzhou 杏子
Danyang 杏子
Hangzhou 杏子
Ningbo 杏子
Wenzhou 杏梅, 杏兒
Xiang Changsha 杏子
Shuangfeng 杏子
Quanzhou 杏

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

杏

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
杏
きょう
Jinmeiyō
kan’yōon

/kjau/ → /kjɔː/ → /kjoː/

From Middle Chinese 杏 (MC haengX).

Affix[edit]

杏(きょう) • (kyō) ←きやう (kyau)?

  1. apricot
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
杏
あんず
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi
For pronunciation and definitions of 杏 – see the following entry.
【杏子あんず】
[noun] an apricot, especially the Armenian plum, Prunus armeniaca
Alternative spelling
アンズ
(This term, 杏, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

杏 (eumhun 살구 행 (salgu haeng))

  1. Hanja form? of 행 (“apricot”).

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

杏: Hán Nôm readings: hạnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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