呆

See also: 騃, 獃, and 杏

呆 U+5446, 呆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5446 ← 呅 [U+5445] CJK Unified Ideographs 呇 → [U+5447]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

呆 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口木 (RD), four-corner 6090₄, composition ⿱口木)

Derived characters

• 保 㙅 㳭 𨹦 𣍀 槑 𣔣 𠻇 𣞃 宲 棠 楶 𦹂 襃

See also

• 㮤

References

• KangXi: page 181, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3395
• Dae Jaweon: page 399, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 585, character 11
• Unihan data for U+5446

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Chinese

Glyph origin

Etymology 1

Ideogrammic compound (會意): 口 (“mouth”) + 木 (“wood”) – dull; wooden.

Etymology 2

See 保.

Etymology 3

Simplified from 槑.

Etymology 1

trad.		呆
simp. #		呆
alternative forms		獃 騃／𫘤 𤶗

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dāi, ái (dai¹, ai²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄞ, ㄞˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngoi⁴, daai¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): ngôi

  (Meixian, Guangdong): ngoi²

• Min Dong (BUC): ngài
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): tai / gâi

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngai⁵ / dai¹

• Wu (Wiktionary): te (T1); nge (T3)

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: dāi
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄞ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dai
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dai
    • Wade–Giles: tai1
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taɪ̯⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Pinyin: ái
    • Zhuyin: ㄞˊ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: air
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ái
    • Wade–Giles: ai2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀaɪ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: ngoi⁴, daai¹
    • Yale: ngòih, dāai
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngoi⁴, daai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngoi⁴, dai¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋɔːy̯²¹/, /täːi̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngôi
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngoi´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngoi¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋoi̯²⁴/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: ngoi²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋoɪ¹¹/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngài
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋai⁵³/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tai
    • Tâi-lô: tai
    • Phofsit Daibuun: day
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /tai⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tai³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gâi
    • Tâi-lô: gâi
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gaai
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /ɡai²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡai¹³/

Note:

• tai - vernacular;
• gâi - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ngai⁵ / dai¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngâi / tai
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋai⁵⁵/, /tai³³/

Note: ngai5 - used in 呆板.

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: te (T1); nge (T3)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /te̞⁵³/, /ŋe̞²³/

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• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*tɯː/, /*ŋɯː/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呆	呆
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1956	1957
Phonetic component	呆	呆
Rime group	之	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	𪒴	皚
Old Chinese	/*tɯː/	/*ŋɯː/
Notes	懛今字	獃今字

Definitions

呆

1. dull; wooden
2. dull-minded; simple; stupid
3. (Min Dong) bad
4. (chiefly Mainland China) Alternative form of 待 (“to stay”).

   在廣州呆了十幾年 [MSC, trad.]
   在广州呆了十几年 [MSC, simp.]

   zài guǎngzhōu dāile shí jǐ nián [Pinyin]

   was in Guangzhou for 10 or so years

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 壞 (“bad; not good”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		壞
Mandarin	Beijing	壞, 賴
	Taiwan	壞
	Jinan	壞, 孬, 賴
	Xi'an	瞎, 壞
	Wuhan	壞, 拐
	Chengdu	壞
	Yangzhou	壞
	Hefei	壞
	Malaysia	壞
	Singapore	壞
Cantonese	Guangzhou	壞, 弊, 衰
	Hong Kong	壞, 衰
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	衰
	Yangjiang	壞
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	衰
	Singapore (Guangfu)	衰
Gan	Nanchang	壞
Hakka	Meixian	壞
	Wuhua (Meilin)	衰
Jin	Taiyuan	賴, 壞
Min Bei	Jian'ou	壞, 獰
Min Dong	Fuzhou	呆, 否
Min Nan	Xiamen	歹, 䆀
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	歹
	Quanzhou	歹
	Jinjiang	歹
	Nan'an	歹
	Shishi	歹
	Zhangzhou	䆀
	Zhao'an	䆀, 孬
	Tainan	歹
	Penang (Hokkien)	䆀, 歹
	Singapore (Hokkien)	歹
	Manila (Hokkien)	歹
	Datian	歹
	Chaozhou	孬
	Shantou	孬
	Jieyang	孬, 歹
	Singapore (Teochew)	歹, 孬
	Leizhou	㾀
	Wenchang	㾀
	Haikou	㾀
	Singapore (Hainanese)	㾀
Wu	Shanghai	壞, 恘
	Suzhou	壞, 恘
	Ningbo	歪, 推扳, 嘸做
	Wenzhou	毛
Xiang	Changsha	壞, 拐
	Shuangfeng	壞, 拐

Compounds

• 口舌呆鈍／口舌呆钝
• 呆不龍咚／呆不龙咚
• 呆了一呆
• 呆似木雞／呆似木鸡
• 呆住 (dāizhù)
• 呆僗／呆𫢬
• 呆呆地
• 呆呆掙掙／呆呆挣挣
• 呆呆鄧鄧／呆呆邓邓
• 呆坐
• 呆子 (dāizi)
• 呆小症
• 呆帳／呆帐
• 呆想
• 呆打頦／呆打颏
• 呆掙／呆挣
• 呆木大
• 呆板 (dāibǎn)
• 呆水位
• 呆滯／呆滞 (dāizhì)
• 呆滯物料／呆滞物料

• 呆漢／呆汉
• 呆瓜 (dāiguā)
• 呆登登
• 呆立
• 呆笑
• 呆答孩
• 呆答答
• 呆緻緻／呆致致
• 呆老漢／呆老汉
• 呆腦呆頭／呆脑呆头
• 呆若木雞／呆若木鸡 (dāiruòmùjī)
• 呆著臉／呆著脸
• 呆裡撒奸／呆里撒奸
• 呆貨／呆货
• 呆鄧鄧／呆邓邓
• 呆頭呆腦／呆头呆脑 (dāitóudāinǎo)
• 呆頭木腦／呆头木脑
• 呆鳥／呆鸟
• 嚇呆／吓呆 (xiàdāi)
• 孝呆 (hàu-tai) (Min Nan)
• 干呆

• 懵懂痴呆
• 打呆歌
• 撇呆打墮／撇呆打堕
• 書呆子／书呆子 (shūdāizi)
• 痴呆 (chīdāi)
• 痴呆懵懂
• 痴呆症 (chīdāizhèng)
• 發呆／发呆 (fādāi)
• 目呆口咂
• 目定口呆
• 目睜口呆／目睁口呆
• 目瞪口呆 (mùdèngkǒudāi)
• 目瞪神呆
• 看呆
• 老伯呆
• 老阿呆
• 裝憨打呆／装憨打呆
• 賣呆／卖呆
• 賣呆兒／卖呆儿
• 鄧鄧呆呆／邓邓呆呆

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 呆 – see 保 (“to raise; to rear; to keep; to maintain; etc.”). (This character, 呆, is a variant form of 保.)

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 呆 – see 梅 (“Prunus mume; etc.”). (This character, 呆, is a variant form of 梅.)

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Japanese

Kanji

呆

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

1. amazed, disgusted, shocked

Readings

• Go-on: ほ (ho); がい (gai)
• Kan-on: ほう (hō); がい (gai)
• Kan’yō-on: ぼう (bō); たい (tai)
• Kun: あきる (akiru, 呆る); あきれる (akireru, 呆れる); ほける (hokeru, 呆ける); ほうける (hōkeru, 呆ける); ぼける (bokeru, 呆ける)

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Korean

Hanja

呆 (eumhun 어리석을 매 (eoriseogeul mae))

1. Hanja form^? of 매 (“dull-minded; simple; stupid”).

Compounds

• 치매 (癡呆/痴呆, chimae, “(medicine) dementia”)

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Vietnamese

Han character

呆: Hán Nôm readings: ngốc

1. stupid, naive, foolish