衰

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衰 U+8870, 衰
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8870
← 衯
[U+886F]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 衱 →
[U+8871]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

衰 (radical 145 衣+4, 10 strokes, cangjie input 卜田一女 (YWMV), four-corner 00732)

  1. decline, decrease, wane
  2. falter, fail, fade
  3. weaken, wither

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1112, character 14
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34127
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1577, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3076, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+8870

See also[edit]

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 衰

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 衰
Mandarin Beijing /ʂuai⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʂuai⁴⁴/
/suai⁴⁴/
Tianjin /suai²¹/
Jinan /ʂuɛ²¹³/
Qingdao /ʂuɛ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʂuai²⁴/
Xi'an /fai²¹/
Xining /fɛ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂuɛ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /fɛ³¹/
Ürümqi /ʂuai⁴⁴/
/fai⁴⁴/
Wuhan /suai⁵⁵/
Chengdu /suai⁵⁵/
Guiyang /suai⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʂuæ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʂuae³¹/
Hefei /ʂue̞²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /suai¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sʰuæ¹³/
/suæ¹³/
Hohhot /suɛ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /se⁵³/
Suzhou /se̞⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /se̞³³/
Wenzhou /sai³³/
Hui Shexian /sɛ³¹/
Tunxi /so¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕyai³³/
Xiangtan /sai³³/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /soi⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /soi²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /søy⁵³/
Nanning /sui⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /søy⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sue⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /søy⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /so⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /sue³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /suai²³/
/sɔi²³/ ～弱
/sue²³/ 倒霉
Rime
Character 衰 衰
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 初 (19) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 支 (14) 脂 (18)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) Chongniu III Chongniu III
Fanqie 楚危切 所追切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ʃʰˠiuᴇ/ /ʃˠiuɪ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈ͡ʂʰʷᵚiɛ/ /ʃʷᵚi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ʃʰiuɛ/ /ʃiuɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈ͡ʂʰjwiə̆/ /ʂjwi/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ʃʰjue/ /ʃjui/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ʃʰǐwe/ /ʃwi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʈ͡ʂʰwie̯/ /ʂwi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chuāi shuāi
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 衰 衰 衰
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cuī cuī shuāi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tshwoj › ‹ tsrhjwe › ‹ srwij ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s.r̥]ˤruj/ /*[tsʰ]roj/ /*sruj/
English mourning clothes reduce diminish, decline

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 衰 衰
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 11926 11927
Phonetic
component		 衰 衰
Rime
group		 歌 微
Rime
subdivision		 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 衰 衰
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰrol/ /*srul/

Definitions[edit]

衰

  1. to grow weak; to decrease in strength
  2. (Min Nan) to have poor luck
  3. (Cantonese) bad; detestable; awful
    咁衰㗎！ [Cantonese]  ―  Gam3 seoi1 gaa4! [Jyutping]  ―  That's awful!
    衰婆 [Cantonese]  ―  seoi1 po4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  bitch
    衰人 [Cantonese]  ―  seoi1 jan4 [Jyutping]  ―  bastard
Antonyms[edit]
  • (Cantonese: disagreeable): 好 (hou2)
See also[edit]
  • (Min Nan: to have poor luck): 倒霉 (dǎoméi)
  • (Cantonese: disagreeable): 曳 (jai5), 惡／恶 (ok3)

Compounds[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 衰
Mandarin Beijing /ʂuai⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʂuai⁴⁴/
/suai⁴⁴/
Tianjin /suai²¹/
Jinan /ʂuɛ²¹³/
Qingdao /ʂuɛ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʂuai²⁴/
Xi'an /fai²¹/
Xining /fɛ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂuɛ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /fɛ³¹/
Ürümqi /ʂuai⁴⁴/
/fai⁴⁴/
Wuhan /suai⁵⁵/
Chengdu /suai⁵⁵/
Guiyang /suai⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʂuæ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʂuae³¹/
Hefei /ʂue̞²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /suai¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡sʰuæ¹³/
/suæ¹³/
Hohhot /suɛ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /se⁵³/
Suzhou /se̞⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /se̞³³/
Wenzhou /sai³³/
Hui Shexian /sɛ³¹/
Tunxi /so¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ɕyai³³/
Xiangtan /sai³³/
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /soi⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /soi²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /søy⁵³/
Nanning /sui⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /søy⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sue⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /søy⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /so⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /sue³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /suai²³/
/sɔi²³/ ～弱
/sue²³/ 倒霉
Rime
Character 衰 衰
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 初 (19) 生 (21)
Final (韻) 支 (14) 脂 (18)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division (等) Chongniu III Chongniu III
Fanqie 楚危切 所追切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ʃʰˠiuᴇ/ /ʃˠiuɪ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʈ͡ʂʰʷᵚiɛ/ /ʃʷᵚi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ʃʰiuɛ/ /ʃiuɪ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʈ͡ʂʰjwiə̆/ /ʂjwi/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ʃʰjue/ /ʃjui/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ʃʰǐwe/ /ʃwi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʈ͡ʂʰwie̯/ /ʂwi/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 chuāi shuāi
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 衰 衰 衰
Reading # 1/3 2/3 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 cuī cuī shuāi
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tshwoj › ‹ tsrhjwe › ‹ srwij ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[s.r̥]ˤruj/ /*[tsʰ]roj/ /*sruj/
English mourning clothes reduce diminish, decline

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 衰 衰
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 11926 11927
Phonetic
component		 衰 衰
Rime
group		 歌 微
Rime
subdivision		 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 衰 衰
Old
Chinese		 /*sʰrol/ /*srul/

Definitions[edit]

衰

  1. a type of mourning garment

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

衰

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

衰 • (soe, choe, sa) (hangeul 쇠, 최, 사, revised soe, choe, sa, McCune-Reischauer soe, ch'oe, sa, Yale soy, choy, sa)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

衰 (suy, thôi)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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