崔

崔 U+5D14, 崔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5D14 ← 崓 [U+5D13] CJK Unified Ideographs 崕 → [U+5D15]

Translingual

Han character

崔 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+8, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 山人土 (UOG), four-corner 2221₄, composition ⿱山隹)

1. high, lofty, towering
2. a surname, #163 on the Baijiaxing

Derived characters

• 催, 凗, 嗺, 墔, 㜠, 慛, 摧, 漼, 獕, 槯, 熣, 璀, 膗, 皠, 磪, 繀(𮉮), 䜅, 鏙(𰾰), 䳽(𮹙), 巂

Additional Derived Characters

• 𢕘, 𨻵, 𣩑, 𤗯, 𤛍, 𥼂, 𦉎, 𪧾, 𨄍, 𩌩, 𩏘, 𩞅, 𩪓, 𡰋, 𣯧, 𧽠, 𱟠, 𣯯, 𦸏, 𩮴, 𡻎, 𡾧, 𪛂, 𢊛, 𧢠, 𤮯, 𧮋

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 314, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8178
• Dae Jaweon: page 614, character 23
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 780, character 17
• Unihan data for U+5D14

Chinese

simp. and trad.		崔
alternative forms		嵟 obsolete

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (隹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
蜼	*lus, *rulʔ, *luls
堆	*tuːl
嵟	*tuːl
碓	*tuːls
推	*tʰuːl, *tʰjul
蓷	*tʰuːl, *tʰjul
陮	*duːlʔ
魋	*duːl
嶊	*stuːlʔ
崔	*zluːl, *sʰluːl
猚	*ŋreːl, *rulʔ
椎	*dul
顀	*dul
隹	*tjul
錐	*tjul
萑	*kljul
騅	*tjul
鵻	*sɢʷinʔ, *tjul
誰	*djul
脽	*djul

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *zluːl, *sʰluːl): semantic 山 (“mountain”) + phonetic 隹 (OC *tjul).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): cuī (cui¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄨㄟ

  (Xi'an, Guanzhong Pinyin): cuǐ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ceoi¹

  (Dongguan, Jyutping++): cui¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): tui¹

• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): chhuî

  (Hailu, HRS): cui^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): cui¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): cui¹
• Northern Min (KCR): chó
• Eastern Min (BUC): chuŏi
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): cuei¹ / cui¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chhui

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cui¹

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹tshoe / ¹tshei / ¹tshe / ¹tshuai / ¹tshue / ¹tshuei
  • (Jinhua): ¹tshae
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cei¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: cuī
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄨㄟ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cuei
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻui¹
    • Yale: tswēi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsuei
    • Palladius: цуй (cuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰu̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
  • (Xi'an)
    • Guanzhong Pinyin: cuǐ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuei²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ceoi¹
    • Yale: chēui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoey¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêu¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵy̯⁵⁵/
  • (Dongguan, Guancheng)
    • Jyutping++: cui¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰui²¹³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: tui¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰui³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhuî
    • Hakka Romanization System: cui^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cui¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰu̯i²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: cui^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰui⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: cui¹
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuɪ⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: cui¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰuei¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chó
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰo⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chuŏi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰui⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cuei¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: choi
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuei⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cuei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰuei⁵⁴⁴/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cui¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: chui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰui⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: cui¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰui⁵⁴⁴/

Note:

• cuei1 - vernacular;
• cui1 - literary (incl. surname).

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhui
    • Tâi-lô: tshui
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhuy
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰui⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰui³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰui⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰui⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰui⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cui¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰui³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai, Jiading, Songjiang)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshoe
    • MiniDict: tshoe^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹tshoe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /t͡sʰø⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Jiading): /t͡sʰø⁵³/
    • Sinological IPA (Songjiang): /t͡sʰø⁵³/
  • (Northern: Chongming, Ningbo, Zhoushan)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshei
    • MiniDict: tshei^平
    • Sinological IPA (Chongming): /t͡sʰei⁵⁵/
    • Sinological IPA (Ningbo): /t͡sʰɐɪ⁵²/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhoushan): /t͡sʰai⁵³/
  • (Northern: Suzhou, Shaoxing)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshe
    • MiniDict: tshe^平
    • Sinological IPA (Suzhou): /t͡sʰe⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Shaoxing): /t͡sʰe⁵²/
  • (Northern: Changzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshuai
    • MiniDict: tshuai^平
    • Sinological IPA (Changzhou): /t͡sʰuai⁵⁵/
  • (Northern: Jiaxing)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshue
    • MiniDict: tshue^平
    • Sinological IPA (Jiaxing): /t͡sʰue⁵³/
  • (Northern: Hangzhou)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshuei
    • MiniDict: tshuei^平
    • Sinological IPA (Hangzhou): /t͡sʰzʷei³³⁴/
  • (Jinhua)
    • Wugniu: ¹tshae
    • Sinological IPA (Jinhua): /t͡sʰɛ³³⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: cei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰe̞i̯³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshwoj, dzwoj

Rime
Character	崔	崔
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	倉回切	昨回切
Baxter	tshwoj	dzwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰuʌi/	/d͡zuʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰuoi/	/d͡zuoi/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰuɒi/	/d͡zuɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰwəj/	/d͡zwəj/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰuᴀi/	/d͡zuᴀi/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰuɒi/	/d͡zuɒi/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰuɑ̆i/	/d͡zʱuɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	cuī	cuí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ceoi1	ceoi4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤuj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*zluːl/, /*sʰluːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	崔
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	cuī
Middle Chinese	‹ dzwoj ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]ˁuj/
English	high, rocky
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	崔	崔
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	1883	17713
Phonetic component	崔	隹
Rime group	微	微
Rime subdivision	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	摧	崔
Old Chinese	/*zluːl/	/*sʰluːl/

Definitions

崔

1. (literary) high; lofty
2. a surname

   崔琦  ―  Cuī Qí  ―  Daniel Chee Tsui (Chinese-born American physicist and Nobel laureate)

Compounds

• 崔崔 (cuīcuī)
• 崔嵬 (cuīwéi)
• 崔巍 (cuīwēi)
• 崔烈銅臭 / 崔烈铜臭
• 崔胡 (Cuīhú)
• 崔隤 / 崔𬯎
• 崔韜 / 崔韬
• 崔鶯鶯 / 崔莺莺
• 錯斬崔寧 / 错斩崔宁

Japanese

Kanji

崔

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. cliff, bluff, precipice

Readings

• Go-on: さい (sai)
• Kan-on: さい (sai)
• Nanori: たかし (takashi)

Korean

Hanja

崔 (eumhun 높을 최 (nopeul choe))

1. high
2. tall and large
3. to be mixed together
4. disorderly; not arranged properly
5. to waste time in vain
6. moving, shifting
7. a place
8. a surname

Proper noun

崔 • (choe) (hangeul 최)

1. hanja form^? of 최 : a surname

Tày

Verb

崔 (Nôm form xoi)

1. Nôm form of xoi (“to dispatch”).

References

• Dương Nhật Thanh; Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003), “酉 DẬU”, in Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎^[1] (in Tày and Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học xã hội [Social Sciences Publishing House]

Vietnamese

Hán Nôm

崔: Hán Việt readings: thôi
崔: Nôm readings: thoi, thòi, thôi, xui

1. chữ Hán form of thôi
2. chữ Nôm form of thoi
3. chữ Nôm form of thòi
4. chữ Nôm form of thôi (“stretch of time; to cease; just; stop it; fine then”)
5. chữ Nôm form of xui (“to incite”)

References

• 竹内与之助 [Takeuchi Yonosuke] (10 May 1988), “thòi”, in 字喃字典 [Vietnamese: Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, Chữ Nôm Dictionary]‎^[2], 1st edition (overall work in Japanese and Vietnamese), Tokyo: 大学書林 [Daigaku Syorin], via Nomfoundation.org, →ISBN, archived from the original on 28 July 2019, page 529
• 竹内与之助 [Takeuchi Yonosuke] (10 May 1988), “thôi”, in 字喃字典 [Vietnamese: Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, Chữ Nôm Dictionary]‎^[3], 1st edition (overall work in Japanese and Vietnamese), Tokyo: 大学書林 [Daigaku Syorin], via Nomfoundation.org, →ISBN, archived from the original on 28 July 2019, page 531