堆

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堆 U+5806, 堆
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5806
← 堅
[U+5805]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 堇 →
[U+5807]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

堆 (radical 32 土+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土人土 (GOG), four-corner 40114, composition ⿰土隹)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 232, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5211
  • Dae Jaweon: page 469, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 454, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5806

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 堆

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (隹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蜼 *lus, *rulʔ, *luls
堆 *tuːl
嵟 *tuːl
碓 *tuːls
推 *tʰuːl, *tʰjul
蓷 *tʰuːl, *tʰjul
陮 *duːlʔ
魋 *duːl
嶊 *stuːlʔ
崔 *zluːl, *sʰluːl
猚 *ŋreːl, *rulʔ
椎 *dul
顀 *dul
隹 *tjul
錐 *tjul
萑 *kljul
騅 *tjul
鵻 *sɢʷinʔ, *tjul
誰 *djul
脽 *djul

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tuːl): semantic 土 + phonetic 隹 (OC *tjul).

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • tui - literary;
  • tu - vernacular.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 堆
Mandarin Beijing /tuei⁵⁵/
Harbin /tuei⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tuei²¹/
Jinan /tuei²¹³/
/t͡suei²¹³/
Qingdao /tue²¹³/
/t͡sue²¹³/
Zhengzhou /tuei²⁴/
Xi'an /tuei²¹/
Xining /tuɨ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tuei⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /tuei³¹/
Ürümqi /tuei⁴⁴/
Wuhan /tei⁵⁵/
Chengdu /tuei⁵⁵/
Guiyang /tuei⁵⁵/
Kunming /tuei⁴⁴/
Nanjing /tuəi³¹/
Hefei /te²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /tuei¹¹/
/t͡suei¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡suei¹³/
/tuæ¹³/
Hohhot /tuei³¹/
Wu Shanghai /te⁵³/
Suzhou /te̞⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /tui³³/
Wenzhou /tai³³/
Hui Shexian /tɛ³¹/
Tunxi /tə¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /tei³³/
Xiangtan /təi³³/
Gan Nanchang /tui⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /toi⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /toi²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tøy⁵³/
Nanning /tui⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /tøy⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tui⁵⁵/
/tu⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tøy⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /to⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /tui³³/
/tu³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdui²³/
Rime
Character 堆
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 灰 (42)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 都回切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /tuʌi/
Pan
Wuyun		 /tuoi/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tuɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /twəj/
Li
Rong		 /tuᴀi/
Wang
Li		 /tuɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tuɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 duī
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 堆
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 duī
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ twoj ›
Old
Chinese		 /*C.tˤuj/
English heap; mound

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 堆
Reading # 1/1
No. 17705
Phonetic
component		 隹
Rime
group		 微
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 磓
Old
Chinese		 /*tuːl/
Notes 見史記

Definitions[edit]

堆

  1. heap; pile; mound
  2. to pile up; to stack up
  3. Classifier for objects organised in piles.
    一堆垃圾  ―  yī duī lājī  ―  a pile of trash
  4. mound (usually in placenames)

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

堆

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

堆 • (toe) (hangeul 퇴, revised toe, McCune-Reischauer t'oe)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

堆 (đôi, chui, đồi, doi, nhoi, duôi, đòi)

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