催

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催 U+50AC, 催
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-50AC
← 傫
[U+50AB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 傭 →
[U+50AD]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

催 (radical 9, 人+11, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人山人土 (OUOG), four-corner 22214, composition ⿰亻崔)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 114, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1005
  • Dae Jaweon: page 242, character 17
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 211, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+50AC

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 催

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 催
Small seal script
ACC-s05875.svg

s05875

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (崔) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
嗺 *ʔslo, *ʔsluːl, *sluːl, *ʔslul, *ʔslulʔ
催 *sʰluːl
璀 *sʰluːlʔ
皠 *sʰluːlʔ
漼 *sʰluːlʔ
鏙 *sʰluːlʔ
摧 *zluːl
崔 *zluːl, *sʰluːl
慛 *zluːl
槯 *zluːl
繀 *sluːls
膗 *zruːl

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sʰluːl): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 崔 (OC *zluːl, *sʰluːl).

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 催
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 清 (14)
Final (韻) 灰 (42)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 倉回切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡sʰuʌi/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡sʰuoi/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡sʰuɒi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/t͡sʰwəj/
Li
Rong 		/t͡sʰuᴀi/
Wang
Li 		/t͡sʰuɒi/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/t͡sʰuɑ̆i/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		cuī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ceoi1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 催
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		cuī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tshwoj ›
Old
Chinese 		/*s-tʰˁuj/
English urge, repress

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 催
Reading # 1/1
No. 1877
Phonetic
component 		崔
Rime
group 		微
Rime
subdivision 		2
Corresponding
MC rime 		崔
Old
Chinese 		/*sʰluːl/

Definitions[edit]

催

  1. to urge; to push someone to do something
    點解我成日要催你㗎？ [Cantonese, trad.]
    点解我成日要催你㗎？ [Cantonese, simp.]
    dim2 gaai2 ngo5 seng4 jat6 jiu3 ceoi1 nei5 gaa3? [Jyutping]
    Why do I always have to urge you?
    又係阿媽打電話嚟催我返屋企。 [Cantonese, trad.]
    又系阿妈打电话嚟催我返屋企。 [Cantonese, simp.]
    jau6 hai6 aa3 maa1 daa2 din6 waa6-2 lai4 ceoi1 ngo5 faan1 uk1 kei5. [Jyutping]
    Mum was on the phone again, trying to get me to come home.
  2. to speed up; to accelerate

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 催 (“to urge (someone to do something)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 催
Cantonese Guangzhou 催
Hong Kong 催
Min Nan Chaoyang 勸

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

催

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

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Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

催 (eum 최 (choe))

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Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

催: Hán Nôm readings: thôi, thòi, thui

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